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Lifestyle, diet and hardening and viral diseases
ČÍŽKOVÁ, Aneta
These topics will be more detailed discussed in the theoretical part, due to their importance in the lives of each of us. Among main topics, the work includes topics related to sleep, rational nutrition, exercise and more within factors that play a significant role in influencing people's health and their lives. In the practical part, the work already deals with cases from practice - everyday life of people. In this section, reader will learn how young people perceive the view of health and its support, and whether they themselves follow the principles of a healthy lifestyle and rational, healthy eating. As a part of the research, respondent's food menus are specifically analyzed, as well as frequency questionnaires mapping the people's diet, the lifestyle and the occurrence of diseases of these people. This work shows and compares the differences in lifestyle within the two investigated groups - people who are hardening and those who are not hardening. The detected shortcomings are discussed in more detail and there are also possible individual recommendations for individuals or the whole group that can be transferred to the wider public. These recommendations are in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization, medicine, or other experts in the field.
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The Use of Portable Electronics for Physical Activity and Prevention of Lifestyle Diseases in the Old Age
Bradáč, Jakub ; Kotlík, Kamil (advisor) ; Prokešová, Eva (referee)
Thesis title: The Use of Smart Portable Electronics for Physical Activitiy and Prevention of Lifestyle Diseases in the Old Age The aim of the thesis: For this thesis there are defined two aims. The first one is to find out how and for chat the Czech elderly people use smart portable electronics. The second aimis to verify if the elderly people use the smart portable electronics for motoric activities, which can prevent from the development or spreading of life style diseases. Methods: To fulfil these aids there was used quantitive research with the method of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared by myself and it was semi-structured. It was sent in e-mail or delivered personally to the centres for senior citizens. Results: The results gathered in contingency tables showed that most of the seniors use smart portable electronics. However, in a different level of usage. They devote to motoric activities, but they do not work with electronics for motivation. It is hard to clearly say if the previous job or education have any influence on the level of the use of smart portable electronics. Key words: Smart portable electronics, Old Age, Physical Activity, Lifestyle Disease
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The circulating cell-free DNA as a biomarker of civilization diseases
Dyachenko, Yulia ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Vaňková, Markéta (referee)
The incidence of civilization diseases in the population is increasing every year due to changing environmental conditions and modern lifestyles. These diseases reduce the quality of life, lead to health complications or even death of patients. This can be prevented by monitoring health status. Circulating free DNA (cfDNA) has the potential to be introduced as a non-invasive biomarker. Possible mechanisms of cfDNA release are apoptosis, necrosis, NETosis, pyroptosis and active secretion. The occurrence of these processes in some civilization diseases allows the use of cfDNA as a biomarker. The aim of this work was to summarize the current knowledge on the possibility of using cfDNA in the diagnosis, monitoring of the development and course of some diseases of civilization, namely obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke. From the available literature it can be concluded that cfDNA could be used in clinical practice for the purposes described above. Key words: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), civilization diseases, biomarker, obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Evolutionary hypotheses of obesity origin
Dundr, Matěj ; Hora, Martin (advisor) ; Vážná, Anna (referee)
Obesity is a major social, ecological, economic and health problem of today's civilization. Humans evolved to adapt to a different environment than the one they live in today, had more exercise and consumed natural food sources. The imbalance in energy intake and expenditure that we observe in today's human populations is the most likely cause of obesity. However, this work will deal with a less discussed view of the origin of obesity, namely the possible explanation of the origin of obesity with evolutionary hypotheses. The work will also try to evaluate and discuss, based on a comparison of the available literature, whether these hypotheses could really clarify the origin of obesity at the global level. In the beginning of the thesis, we present the problem of obesity, its prevalence in the population and comorbidities associated with obesity. The next section describes the diagnosis of obesity, followed by a section on the history of obesity. The main part is devoted to the evolutionary hypotheses of obesity, namely the adaptation to frugality hypothesis, the genetic drift hypothesis and then other ecological- behavioral hypotheses and their evaluation. In conclusion, the work summarizes that the described hypotheses could be useful for clarifying the difference in obesity prevalence between...
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Monitoring of risk factors of civilization diseases in primary school teachers
Faber, Dominik ; Kinkorová, Ivana (advisor) ; Kramperová, Veronika (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to map the incidence of civilization diseases among elementary school teachers in Prague and the surrounding area. To find out what kind of knowledge they have about this topic and which risk factors of civilization diseases occur in them. The theoretical part mainly deals with different types of risk factors of civilization diseases. Among the most basic factors are insufficient physical activity, unhealthy nutrition, and stress. However, it also deals with other important risk factors. It also describes selected types of civilization diseases. In general, these are cardiovascular, oncological, and metabolic diseases. In the practical part, research was conducted at 5 schools in Prague and the surrounding area. The research was focused on primary school teachers. The research was carried out in the form of a self-inquiry survey. 60 primary school teachers filled out the survey. The result is that the most basic risk factors for civilization diseases among the teachers participating in the research are insufficient physical activity and a negative family history. A significant risk factor is high consumption of high-fat and meat products such as salami, sausages, pates etc. As a positive result is a high consumption of vegetables and fruits. Smoking and alcohol...
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Diseases of Civilization Prevention by a Lifestyle Modifications
Vinklárková, Monika ; Šatný, Martin (advisor) ; Altschmiedová, Tereza (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the most common diseases of civilization and their prevention by a healthy lifestyle. The aim of this thesis is to map how people aged 18 - 65 follow a healthy lifestyle that leads to the prevention of diseases of civilization. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics and especially the prevention of the most common diseases of civilization, which include arterial hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis with its complications (atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases), or cancer. A healthy lifestyle includes proper nutrition, adequate physical activity, non-smoking, enough sleep and rest, reduced stress and the absence of tobacco and alcohol abuse. The practical part finds out the observance of the principles of a healthy lifestyle by a questionnaire survey. The research was conducted on 122 randomly selected persons without diseases of civilization aged 18 - 65 years. The results of the research show that most respondents do not pay much attention to a healthy lifestyle. Respondents eat a shortage of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, fish and sour dairy products. Their diet often includes white bread, meat and sausages. Furthermore, most respondents have insufficient...
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Nutrition in diseases of civilization prevention
Kaduchová, Pavla ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Tereza (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the origin and occurrence of diseases of civilization and the possibilities of their prevention from the nutrition point of view. It focuses on the consumption of macronutrients and micronutrients in food with regard to the possible risk of these diseases as well as their protective effect. The theoretical part briefly deals with selected diseases and risk factors involved in their emergence, prevention and health promotion, and lastly focuses on nutrition as one of the leading determinants of health. The practical part focuses on the goals and related hypotheses, on the basis of which a questionnaire survey was conducted related to the interest in the composition of food, the impact of nutrition on the incidence of diseases of civilization and knowledge of nutritional recommendations. It also summarizes the characteristics of the sample of respondents and their current lifestyle for comparison with the theoretical awareness of the importance of nutrition. Key words: diseases of civilization, prevention, nutrition, lifestyle, nutritional recommendations
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