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Benefits of nursery school for Children with autism spectrum disorder in sel-care
Mitašová, Marie ; Šiška, Jan (advisor) ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee)
The bachelor thesis concerns benefits of a nursery school for children with autistic spectrum disorder with focus on development of self-care. The thesis concentrates on characteristics of autistic spectrum disorders and it's interconnection with practical aspects of developing self-care skills in a nursery school. Individual chapters describe the definition, diagnostics and related triad of problem areas, the spectrum of individual autistic disorders and the most frequently used methods and strategies of training and education of childrenwith autistic spectrum disorders. The second part of the thesis provides space for individual areas of self-care, cultivated in the nursery school. Individual chapters demonstrate detailed descriptions of practising self-care habits and skills, applied in daily routines of the nursery school. The thesis bases on published works in the area of autistic spectrum, as well as on practical experience of the author, obtained in several years of practice as a teacher in a special class for children with autistic spectrum disorders in a nursery school. Keywords: autistic spectrum disorders, self-care, nursery school, self-care habits and skills
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Children with Autism and their Interests
Knoblochová, Ivana ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Procházková, Jana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to map the interests of the child with Asperger syndrom then compare them with the interests of the child in the same intact age, and on comparisons to specify the common and different features of interest. Another goal is to assess whether the development of a boy with Asperger syndrome and intact boys changes their interests. I focused on the boy with Asperger syndrome whether there is the possible link of interest based on the specifics of the disability itself. The theoretical part is devoted to describing the characteristics of autism spectrum disorders more closely with ideas about Asperger syndrome. It also includes the characteristics of interests and game of intact children as compared with the specifics of the game and the interests of children with autistic spectrum disorders. Qualitative type of research and the method of observation have been chosen for purposes of empirical studies. The practical part follows the theoretical part. It is complemented by concrete examples in the form of two case studies, which were based on the observation of a boy with Asperger's syndrome and the intact boys, and also based on additional information obtained from interviews with parents due to the need to complete anamnesis data.
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The Theory of Metaphor within Ressearches in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Procházková, Theresa ; Ivan, Michal (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The thesis deals with the theory of metaphor in selected pieces of research that focus on autism spectrum disorders. Patients with autism spectrum disorders show weakened ability to communicate and they have trouble understanding everyday social interactions as they are not able to identify with thoughts and feelings of others. They also have trouble understanding metaphors, irony, hyperbolical speech, etc. In their book Metaphors we live by Lakoff and Johnson claim that our language and our thinking are based on metaphors, i.e. on abstraction. The hypothesis is that various pieces of research focusing on how people on the autism spectrum understand metaphors draw on different definitions of metaphor and different approaches to it. The theory of metaphor that is presented in Lakoff's and Johnson's work should be able to provide theoretical framework for coherent understanding of a metaphor. It should also have the potential to point out the differences between particular pieces of research and possible shortages within them.
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Education for people with autism spectrum disorder in the Czech Republic
Žilincová, Hana ; Procházková, Jana (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Marie (referee)
This thesis deals with the education of autistic children. It is divided into ten chapters where further presents the history of autism, autistic spectrum disorders division, the diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders, then focuses on the triad problem areas, which include communication, social behavior and imagination. Another chapter deals with the education of children with autism. The last chapter consists of methods for educating children with autism. In the practical part presents research that I conducted using a questionnaire. Furthermore, there are some interviews with experts on autism and teaching assistants.
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Cognitive Processing of a child with Autism
Čížková, Kristýna
The aim of this work is to describe cognitive processing of a child with autistic spectrum disorder, to pause on its mechanisms and causes. The first part of the work presents a theoretical background for following interpretation of the data acquired in the research. Firstly it briefly defines autistic spectrum disorders, cognitive functioning of individuals with the disorder and above all two main psychological theories of autism: Theory of Mind (S. B. Cohen) and Weak Central Coherence Theory (U. Frith). The second part of the work recounts a process of the research. Its focus lies in a long-lasting work with a girl with autistic spectrum disorder and a girl from intact population. The both girls went through standard theory of mind tests, reading exams aimed at apprehension and mathematic written exercises. Research data come mainly from following interviews with the girls and observation of their procedure of thinking. Gained data were confronted with the mentioned psychological theories of autism. Final analysis shows typical characteristics of cognitive processing of the particular child with autism: detail focusing, physical thinking and perseverance.
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The Theory of Metaphor within Ressearches in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Procházková, Theresa ; Ivan, Michal (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The thesis deals with the theory of metaphor in selected pieces of research that focus on autism spectrum disorders. Patients with autism spectrum disorders show weakened ability to communicate and they have trouble understanding everyday social interactions as they are not able to identify with thoughts and feelings of others. They also have trouble understanding metaphors, irony, hyperbolical speech, etc. In their book Metaphors we live by Lakoff and Johnson claim that our language and our thinking are based on metaphors, i.e. on abstraction. The hypothesis is that various pieces of research focusing on how people on the autism spectrum understand metaphors draw on different definitions of metaphor and different approaches to it. The theory of metaphor that is presented in Lakoff's and Johnson's work should be able to provide theoretical framework for coherent understanding of a metaphor. It should also have the potential to point out the differences between particular pieces of research and possible shortages within them.
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Child with autism in the context of inclusive education
Hilmarová, Markéta ; Zemková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of inclusion of children with autism in pre-school education. It describes the concept of autism and its specificities, which can be significantly manifested in the inclusion of children in joint education up to the age of six. It points to the potential pitfalls that can arise in education and training. It explains concepts related to autistic spectrum disorders and discusses in detail the triad of impairments and related issues based on expert opinions. The thesis also shows different approaches and proven procedures for working with children with autism not only in kindergarten, but also for practice in the family. It describes different cognitive styles and other specifics that may arise in connection with autistic spectrum disorders and have a major impact on the child and his surroundings. It also includes personal examples from practice that illustrate the complexity and diversity of working with children with autistic spectrum disorder in kindergarten. In the second part of this work a case study is described, which can also serve as an example of good practice. It describes the class attended by two boys with autism. Part of the case study and a description of the climate detection program in the classroom designed for preschool children. This is...
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Specific needs for people within autistic disorder studying at University
ROSOVÁ, Tereza
The main aim of my bachelor thesis was to find out what specific needs people with autism spectrum disorders have at college and what kind of support measures are being implemented in schools. The bachelor thesis is divided into the theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part I deal with the theoretical starting points for the given topic. I describe disorders of the autistic spectrum, their causes and manifestations. I also deal with general tertiary education. In the last part of the theoretical work I describe university education of people with autistic spectrum disorders. The empirical part defines the research problem, the research objectives and the research set. A case study was used here. The semi-structured interview method was used to collect the data. A research survey was conducted with two informants who described their college studies in detail. I also analyzed the documents I received from the informants and conducted interviews with classmates of the informants. On the basis of case studies, we learned how the undergraduate study of the informants, what problems they encountered, what kind of relationships they had with their classmates and teachers, what specific needs they had and what support measures they had implemented.
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Barriers disposal and persisting barriers during disciple integration proccess with atypical autism in the main education stream.
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Ester
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to present a comprehensive overview of the defined topic and to describe benefits and potential problems connected with the integration of atypically autistic children into the main educational process. The practical part is supposed to provide a potential insight into the situation based on the experience of "ordinary" students that attend classes with an integrated child, and the experience of their families. The work consists of a theoretical and a research part. The purpose of the first section is to introduce a theoretical background of autism and integration process to the reader. It should contribute to a consequent comprehension of the second section, too. The empirical section is based on a qualitative research. The data were collected in the form of a semi-structured interview and their evaluation was performed by means of a thematic coding. The research part manifests the integrated pupil from the point of view of their classmates and their parents and, furthermore, from the point of view of the teacher, the assistant and the mother of an integrated child. The thesis might serve as an example for parents, teachers and the pedagogical public throughout children's integration into the main educational process. In addition, it is going to be a part of a long term case study focused on providing a complete perspective of a possible integration during the compulsory school attendance period. The aforementioned research should serve as an groundwork for a disseration thesis, too. The conclusion of the research is that the process itself is unpredictable due to ongoing unexpected changes, and due to the constant development of attitudes of participating individuals. The results show that opinions differ in all involved people. On the contrary, mother of an autistic child and parents of other children share the belief that "ordinary" schools are not prepared for the integration process yet.
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