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Alternative Energy Sources and Their Integration into the Concept of Smart Grids
Kopička, Marek ; Procházka, Jiří (referee) ; Baxant, Petr (advisor)
This work deals mainly with electrical energy. In the first part is focused on alternative energy sources, and describes structure of consumption and production of electricity over the past few years, during which is focuses on renewable energy sources. In this context, assesses the conditions for alternative energy sources in the Czech Republic from the perspective of the legislative, as well as current status and potential of alternative energy sources and tries to predict the development of these issues. The next section describes the Smart Grids as a means to achieve these goals. There are presented the basic features of this system, its goals and challenges, a description of the integration of Smart Grids with other sources of electricity and the benefits of using Smart Grids both from the perspective of user and from the perspective of system. Other parts are focused on distributed control systems in the energy sector, its development and principle. The last part is devoted to consideration of the role of alternative energy sources and distributed generation in Smart Grids.
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Measuring station for the system of the remote energy supply
Dočekal, David ; Vaněk, Jiří (referee) ; Křivík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the creation of measuring workplace for remote power supply system. This is the measuring of the workplace, engaged in the processing of measured data, the production of electrical energy made by a photovoltaic panel and wind turbines. In the theoretical part, the reader is familiar with the issue of renewable energy sources. The first chapter is about the energy of the wind. Here is described the emergence of the wind, the basic division of wind power, through the production of electrical energy to the measurement itself. The second chapter deals with the solar energy. This chapter describes the emergence of the solar energy, photoelectric effect, description of characteristic features and related evaluation of the photovoltaic panel. The reader learns the basic distribution photovoltaic panels here and their manufacturing. The third chapter is devoted to measurement methods and specifying the basic conditions for the evaluation of the operation of wind turbines and photovoltaic panel. In the fourth chapter describes the basic data on individual facilities, which have been selected for this thesis and the involvement of the measuring site. There is also included wind power JPT-100 photovoltaic panels A-130 anemometer TX20ETH, pyranometer SG420 and temperature sensor PT100. Measuring software is described in the fifth chapter. In the last chapter, contains the experimental measurements in the selected time interval and the actual evaluation.
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Installation of small wind power station
Puchnar, Jiří ; Vaněk, Jiří (referee) ; Křivík, Petr (advisor)
This work is focused on the power engineering of the Czech Republic, particularly the alternative and its subset, wind power. Introduction acquaints readers with the state of energy in the country. They're the facts of the historical development of energy in Czechoslovakia and its status today. Representation of particular sources which are involved in the so-called. "Big Energy", their description and production. Each of the resources used is briefly described and discussed basic advantages and disadvantages arising from the nature of the source. It is also outlined the possible development of energy and change in the application of these resources in the future. The conclusion is devoted to alternative energy sources. Strives to cover the positive and negative aspects. It also shows the effect of alternative energy sources to power grid stability. The conclusion of this chapter is devoted to draft measures to increase the use of alternative energy sources in the energy mix of the Czech Republic. The second part is devoted to experimental measurements on small wind turbine JPT-100 from Jetpro Technology, Inc. The beginning describes the basic mathematical methods for calculating wind power and wind turbine itself. The text is accompanied by illustrative graphs. Another part deals with the actual wind turbine JPT-100. There are mentioned its characteristics, complete description of measuring workplace and measurement results.
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Power Supply System for Housis Using Renewable Resources
Gálus, Matej ; Punčochář, Josef (referee) ; Šebesta, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the advantages of simultaneous utilization of photovoltaic and wind electricity in an autonomous system, supplying the household with electricity without connection to the electrical grid. The most used methods of connecting photovoltaic modules and wind generators to chemical batteries are discussed. Several maximum power point tracking methods and their properties are described. A block schematic diagram of an autonomous off-grid system utilizing chemical accumulators is proposed. The system also contains an inverter producing standard mains voltage 230 VAC to supply common household appliances. A Quasi-Square Wave converter topology was chosen for all three power converters. An experimental 180 W output power QSW converter with one controllable switch was designed, simulated with Pspice, manufactured and tested to verify the efficiency of the topology. Excellent agreement was found between predicted and measured efficiency at full output power. Efficiency for reliable operation varies between 89% and 92,2% at full power and depends mainly power inductor and MOSFET used. After successful evaluation of QSW topology, the power converters for the main system were designed. Because of higher power, the converters were designed as four-phase, whereas each phase contains two controllable switches to boost efficiency mainly in low-power area. The most critical and difficult part of the project was to design the mixed-signal control sections for the converters to ensure proper switching of two controllable MOSFETs in each phase. For user interactivity, main control board with graphic LC display, Ethernet module and SD memory card slot was also manufactured.
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Utilization of renewable energy for heating
Foit, Vladimír ; Hejčík, Jiří (referee) ; Chovancová, Michaela (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis, titled Alternative Heating Options, is divided into four parts. First, an overview of renewable energy sources available in Czech Republic is presented. Second part contains Czech energy policy and legislation and several grants related to renewable energy sources. Third part lists several projects constructed in Czech Republic including a description of a specific project on a residential house. Last part aims to design a heating system for a building using one of already referenced methods and to compare it with other heating systems. The returns of the design is also discussed.
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Design of a photovoltaic power plant for a family house near Olomouc
Juřička, Dušan ; Maule, Petr (referee) ; Vaněk, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the introduction to the components of a photovoltaic system and the creation of a specific photovoltaic system installed in a family house located north of Olomouc. The system is designed to meet the requirements of a family of four. Based on simulations and current market prices, the profitability of the entire system is evaluated. The financial return of the project and the possibility of a subsidy from the state are also considered. In addition, the future possibility of purchasing an electric car is included and the potential impact on the flow of energy within the internal power grid is simulated.
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The design of alternative heating system for object Technicka T12
Bártů, Jan ; Mastný, Petr (referee) ; Pitron, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this work is to design an alternative source for the property Technicka 12. In the first part of this work, the author introduces the methods of heating and possibilities of using renewable resources of energy for heating, including their advantages and disadvantages. In the second chapter are described alternative energy sources. In the next chapter, individual buildings are typified by size and heat requirement, defined factors influencing their consumption and described heating methods for real examples described and used methods of heating buildings in practice. In the final practical part, the heat pump ground/water is selected from the above described alternative sources, as currently the best alternative solution for large buildings. Within this practical section is described the design and proper calculation of this type of pump, including return on investment. At the end of this bachelor’s thesis was elaborated the technical report and the detail design for installation of the heat pump.
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Energy Harvesting Power Supply for MEMS Applications
Smilek, Jan ; Leuchter, Jan (referee) ; Ondrůšek, Čestmír (referee) ; Hadaš, Zdeněk (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá vývojem nezávislého elektrického zdroje pro moderní nízkopříkonové elektrické aplikace. Protože tradiční řešení napájení drobných spotřebičů s využitím baterií či akumulátorů snižuje uživatelský komfort kvůli potřebě pravidelné údržby, navrhovaný zdroj využívá principu energy harvesting. Tento princip spočívá v získávání energie přímo z okolního prostředí napájené aplikace a její přeměně na energii elektrickou, která je dále využita pro na-pájení moderních MEMS (mikroelektromechanických) zařízení. Potenciální aplikací vyvíjeného zdroje je především moderní nositelná elektronika a biomedicínské senzory. Tato oblast využití ovšem klade zvýšené nároky na parametry generátoru, který musí zajistit dostatečný generovaný výkon z energie, dostupné v okolí lidského těla, a to při zachování prakticky využitelné velikosti a hmotnosti. Po stanovení předběžných požadavků a provedení analýz vhodnosti dostupných zdrojů energie ke konverzi byla k využití vybrána kinetická energie lidských aktivit. Byla provedena série měření zrychlení na lidském těle, především v místě předpokládaného umístění generátoru, aby bylo možno analyzovat a generalizovat hodnoty energie dostupné ke konverzi v daném umístění. V návaznosti na tato měření a analýzy byl vyvinut inovativní kinetický energy harvester, který byl následně vyroben jako funkční vzorek. Tento vzorek byl pak testován v reálných podmínkách pro verifikaci simulačního modelu a vyhodnocení reálné použitelnosti takového zařízení. Kromě samotného vývoje generátoru je v práci popsán i originální způsob zvýšení generovaného výkonu pro kinetické energy harvestery a jsou prezentována statistická data a modely pro predikci využitelnosti kinetických harvesterů pro získávání energie z lidské aktivity.
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Utilization of Knowledge Systems and Bases for Selection and Evaluation of Domestic Electrical Installations.
Haluza, Miroslav ; Martínek, Zbyněk (referee) ; Gurecký, Jiří (referee) ; Toman, Petr (advisor)
My doctoral thesis deals with use of the sophisticated methods for the selection of technical and economic solution of electrical wiring. This solution is based not only on a price but also on many other criteria such as a comfort, service, durability etc. The focus of the work is a treatise on wiring systems from a global perspective, where it is impossible to use a conventional approach for objective evaluation and selection of the appropriate electrical wiring system (because of the complexity of such systems and their interdependencies). In the four chapter are given information of an energy consumption (the total consumption and household consumption). In this chapter is given also a consumption prediction – especially for households. Following is an overview of possible measures for reducing electricity consumption in households. In the next part of this thesis are solved the knowledge, respectively expert systems for use in an electrical engineering – especially for a suitable tool for the selection and evaluation of households wiring electrical system. The result of this work provides a possible solution for a selection of wiring electrical system for households (focusing on the intelligent wiring) – from a technical and economic point of view and with using an innovative approach. The main contribution of this work is a proposal of the main part of the knowledge base. This base could be as a basis for knowledge, respectively for an evaluating technical and economical solution of an electrical wiring system – the expert system includes also a feedback function of an effectiveness solution, use value, price etc., which would also serve as a knowledge base.
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Hydro power station design
Novák, Pavel ; Grepl, Robert (referee) ; Ondrůšek, Čestmír (advisor)
This thesis deals with designing a small hydraulic power plant, where a swirl turbine is conected to a unique synchronous working, which will offer a reliable and easy installation of the hydraulic power plant. As a result a wider potential of energy could be produced from renewable resources. The use of a narrow rottor as a holder of the permanent magnets is the biggest difficulties of this design.
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