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Synthesis and biochemical characterization of hybrid analogues of human insulin and IGF-2
Povalová, Anna ; Stiborová, Marie (advisor) ; Koberová, Monika (referee)
The ever-increasing occurrence of diabetes mellitus brings about the need for development of new therapeutic agents to provide adequate treatment for patients. An important element in this research area is elucidation how insulin works, mainly in connection with insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2), which show significant structural homology to each other. In addition, their respective receptors - insulin receptor (IR) and receptor for IGF-1 and IGF-2 (IGF-1R) - exhibit very high similarity. As a result, IGF-1 and IGF-2 can bind to IR and insulin can bind to IGF-1R. Of a particular importance is the high affinity binding of IGF-2 to the isoform A of IR. Unlike insulin, which predominantly mediates glucose entry into cells, IGFs induce growth or mitogenic effects. The finding which structural determinants in insulin and IGFs are responsible for the differences in the activation of their cognate receptors could provide an explanation for different functional responses upon binding of these hormones to different target cells. Understanding of this mechanism could also help in the development of functionally selective analogues of these hormones. The aim of this study was the synthesis and characterization of analogues of human insulin extended at the C terminus of the B chain with the amino...
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The role of Akt / protein kinase B in healthy and hypertrophied heart
Heleš, Mário ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (referee)
Protein kinase B, or Akt kinase is expressed in almost all tissues. Two main isoforms in heart are Akt1 and Akt2, which are responsible for regulation of metabolism, growth and survival of cardiomyocytes. Akt kinase is among other pathways stimulated by insulin receptor and mechanoreceptor cascades and its main targets are mTORC1, AMPK and GSK- 3β. Akt kinase is activated in presence of chronic hemodynamic overload of heart. In dependence of intensity and duration of overload, Akt participate in triggering of either adaptive, fully reversible hypertrophy or detrimental irreversible form of hypertrophy, which causes impairment of pumping function of heart and can lead to heart failure. Many more factors with complex interactions participate in cardiac hypertrophy beside Akt kinase. Key words: heart, hypertrophy, Akt/protein kinase B, cardiac remodeling, insulin- like growth factor
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"Photopurism" in Art of František Drtikol
Froněk, Pavel ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Wittlich, Petr (referee)
Author's name: Pavel Froněk School: Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague Program: Institute of Art History Title: "Photopurism" in Art of František Drtikol Consultant: Prof. PhDr. Vojtěch Lahoda CSc. Year: 2011 The present paper aims to explore fine art photography of František Drtikol between years 1929-1935. Most of these photos were pictures of artifical figures made by autor himself. The paper also tries to tell, if all of fineart photos of 1929-1935 can be called "photopurism" and make some of more distinctive of them known to reader. Drtikol's spiritual background is also examined and possible interpretation of artworks is attempted. Key words: František Drtikol, photography, nude body, figure, photopurism, buddhism, christianity, Antonín Mattas, Lehr und Versuchsanstalt für Photographie, Antonín Mattas, Georg Heinrich Emmerich, Gordon Craig
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La Celestina: Comedia, Tragicomedia, Acto de Traso and aditional characters
HŮLKOVÁ, Zuzana
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of newly appeared figures in later versions of the literary work Comedia de Calisto y Melibea, i.e. Tragicomedia, and in the fragment known as Acto de Traso. In the first part the features and characteristics of the historical and literary context will be defined and discussed. The second part will focus on the model typology and functions on which the figures in the work are patterned. The third part will concentrate on the different versions of the literary work, aiming to identify, describe and analyse the newly added figures in these later versions.
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Husserl and neurophenomenology: Epoché, interview, practice
Ježek, Rostislav ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Holeček, Tomáš (referee)
Bc. Rostislav Ježek Diploma thesis - Husserl and neurofenomenology: Epoché, interview, practice Abstract The theme of this work is conception of practical usage of epoché in phenomenology, where epoché is carried out by philosopher in his lone meditation, and in the project of neurophenomenology, where epoché is to be found in the situation of interview. The aim of this work is, on the base of reflexion of the general practical framework of epoché, to put a question of the nature of epoché in phenomenology and of possibilities of its usage in neurophenomenology. These question will be anwered during the elaboration of progressive carrying out of epoché of experience of the one, who carries it out. We will see its natural affinity with the common attitude and with neurophenomenological epoché, which otherwise may seem naiv. Then, we will try to show, that Husserl's late theory of transcendental idealismus may be grasped as a conception of the influence, which the epoché exerts upon the experience of the one, who carries it out. At the end, we will try to show, that neurophenomenological research and research of neurophenomenology give phenomenology an oportunity to think deeper about its own methods. We will show, that the conception of dependence of the situation of the practical carrying out of epoché can...
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Painter and collector Miloš Malina and his bequest to Středočeské muzeum in Roztoky
Hůlková, Martina ; Pech, Milan (advisor) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis introduces a less-known artist and collector Miloš Malina, who is exceptional for combining both his passions in his artistic creations. The work deals mainly with the reference stored in the Central Bohemian Museum, where is his entire heritage, which Malina has left to the Museum still during his lifetime. The thesis is divided into three parts, which present the artist himself and his estate. At the end of the thesis I focus on Malina's work. The first part presents his life, studies and employment. It is also concerned with his ambiguous artistic style, which was influenced by some friends artists as Filla (Malina was inspired by his Cubist paintings), Špála (the same preoccupation with the blue colour), even foreign artists as Cézanne (use of apples in his still-lifes). Women, who surrounded him his whole life, were a great inspiration. I focused on the why he selected some of them and what about them was interesting for him. In the second part I will show how the whole legacy got into the Central Bohemian Museum. I will also mention how the legacy was thematically divided and stored in different individual depositories. In conclusion I not only focused on his work. I also aimed to the way his work reflects his fervour for collecting.
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Radiation-induced plasticity of prostate cancer cells
Kyjacová, Lenka ; Hodný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bouchal, Jan (referee) ; Vomastek, Tomáš (referee)
Resistance of various cancers to conventional therapies including radio- and chemo- therapy is one of the most investigated phenomena in the molecular and clinical oncology. Recurrent disease is characterized by the presence of metastases, which are responsible for 90% of cancer-related mortality. Fractionated ionizing radiation (fIR) combined with surgery or hormone therapy represent the first-choice treatment for medium to high risk localized prostate carcinoma (PCa). In PCa, the failure of radiotherapy (RT) is often caused by radioresistance and further dissemination of escaping (surviving) cells. To investigate the radioresistance-associated phenotype, we exposed four metastasis- derived human PCa cell lines (DU145, PC-3, LNCaP, and 22RV1) to clinically relevant daily fractions of ionizing radiation (fIR; 35 doses of 2 Gy) resulting in generation of two surviving populations: adherent senescent-like cells expressing common senescence-associated markers and non-adherent anoikis-resistant stem cell-like cells with active Notch signaling and expression of stem cell markers CD133, Oct-4, Sox2, and Nanog. While the radioresistant adherent cells were capable to resume proliferation shortly after the end of irradiation, the non- adherent cells started to proliferate only after their reattachment...
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The role of Akt / protein kinase B in healthy and hypertrophied heart
Heleš, Mário ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (referee)
Protein kinase B, or Akt kinase is expressed in almost all tissues. Two main isoforms in heart are Akt1 and Akt2, which are responsible for regulation of metabolism, growth and survival of cardiomyocytes. Akt kinase is among other pathways stimulated by insulin receptor and mechanoreceptor cascades and its main targets are mTORC1, AMPK and GSK- 3β. Akt kinase is activated in presence of chronic hemodynamic overload of heart. In dependence of intensity and duration of overload, Akt participate in triggering of either adaptive, fully reversible hypertrophy or detrimental irreversible form of hypertrophy, which causes impairment of pumping function of heart and can lead to heart failure. Many more factors with complex interactions participate in cardiac hypertrophy beside Akt kinase. Key words: heart, hypertrophy, Akt/protein kinase B, cardiac remodeling, insulin- like growth factor
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