|
|
Makrostrukturální změny antropogenně zhutnělých půd
Bartlová, Jaroslava
During 2008 -- 2011 the effect of different agronomy practices on changes in topsoil and subsoil macrostructure was studied. Macrostructure refers to the ability of soil aggregates to resist dispersion. Three soil tillage treatments were established (conventional tillage with plowing; deep loosening to the depth 0.35-0.40 m; minimum tillage with shallow loosening to the depth 0.15 m). Three localities, three different crop growing regions in the different climatic conditions were studied (Unčovice -- Luvi-haplic Chernozem -- located in a sugar-beet growing region, Hrušovany-nad-Jevišovkou -- Haplic Chernozem -- located in a maize growing region and Lesonice -- Gleyic Luvisol -- located in a potato growing region). Crop rotation systems were as follows: rape, winter wheat, maize, winter or spring wheat, and spring barley. The best water stability of aggregates was found in the locality Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou. The worst water stability was found in the locality Lesonice. Results of water stability of aggregates corresponded mainly with the soil conditions in localities. In localities Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou and Lesonice, a significant positive impact of non-inversion variants was demonstrated. The best values of water stability values were found in the plowed variant in the locality Unčovice. These findings were not statistically significant. An effect of soil sampling period (spring, autumn) on the water stability of soil aggregates was observed as well. Obtained results helped us to suggest the evaluation scale of soil structure quality according to percentages of water stability of soil aggregates. At the same time it was also found out that both minimum tillage and deep soil loosening had a positive effect on crop yields (maize and winter wheat).
|
|
|
The cultivation of flax (\kur{Linum usitatissimum} L.) and its food and non-food use
JAKŠOVÁ, Marie
In the history of mankind is linseed and flaxseed recognized as one of the oldest crops. Its beneficial effects and wide range of usage is already known by the ancient Egyptians. In 650 B.C. Hippocrates used flaxseed in treatments. Flaxseed is a blue flowering crop grown primarily in cooler regions of the world. Usefulness lies in the flax stem and seed production. The aim of my bachelor thesis was to develop a literary research on the technology of the cultivation of flax and its food and non-food uses. In their bachelor's thesis I present the history of flax, the botanical characteristics and morphology of the plants, the demands on the environment, varieties, pest control and weed control, protection against diseases, agrotechnice and fertilization. In addition, I here how to harvest and post-harvest techniques, water, the quality of the product and also the food and non-food uses.
|
|
|
The cultivation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. Altissima) and its use
HAŠKOVCOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis is focused on growing of sugar beet and also on its use in food and other industry. The first part, general one, describes the origin of the sugar beet, botany, agro technology, fertilization, creating of the growth, regulation of diseases and pests, regulation of weed infestation, gathering of a crop and its storage. This part also includes information about chemical technological composition of the plant tuber, and there is also considered its sale in the market and its use in the food or other industry. The final section of the paper summarizes basic data about sugar beet.
|
|
|
Cultivation of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and its use
KORCOVÁ, Žaneta
Hop differs from other agricultural plants in view of the fact that it is a perennial plant. It can grow at one site up to 20 years. There are three recognized hop production areas in the Czech Republic such as Žatecko, Úštecko and Tršice. The quality of the cones is high mainly due to the range of plant variety and also due to the favourable environmental conditions. Hop cultivation technology was already explored a long time ago, and therefore the new resources are rarely available and also widely scattered. The aim of this thesis is to describe the hops cultivation technology and its food and non-food utilization. This work includes botanical characteristics, farming techniques, fertilization, and protection against pests, harvest and post-harvest treatment. Furthermore there is description of the influence of agricultural engineering or fertilization on quality of hops. This bachelors thesis also depicts food and non-food use of hops.
|
|
|
The fibre plant growing in Czech Republic
ŠÍMOVÁ, Barbora
This bachelor thesis deals with the cultivation of fiber plants in the Czech Republic, which are closely linked to the cultural history of mankind and agriculture. They are widely used in the textile and automotive, construction, food or cosmetics. Their main advantage is absolutely clean and waste-free use. As a result of the reduction of subsidies and import of cheap, mostly Asian, textiles there is a decrease in sown areas and declining production of flax and hemp. Growing these plants in the Czech Republic declined to the point of loss.
|
|
|
Cultivation of hybrid hop varieties in Czech hop growing regions
Kopecký, Jiří ; Ciniburk, Václav ; Kořen, Jiří ; Krofta, Karel ; Vostřel, Josef ; Klapal, Ivo ; Brynda, Miroslav ; Nesvadba, Vladimír ; Kozlovský, Pavel ; Kudrna, Tomáš ; Ježek, Josef
Metodika pro praxi, která řeší podmínky pěstování hybridních odrůd chmele v podmínkách chmelařských oblastí ČR. Jedná se o hybridní odrůdy Bor, Premiant, Sládek, Agnus, Harmonie a Rubín.
Fulltext:  PDF
|
|
|
Establishment of hop-yards by hybrids varieties
Kopecký, Jiří ; Ciniburk, Václav ; Kořen, Jiří ; Krofta, Karel ; Vostřel, Josef ; Klapal, Ivo ; Brynda, Miroslav ; Nesvadba, Vladimír ; Kozlovský, Pavel ; Kudrna, Tomáš ; Ježek, Josef
Metodika pro praxi, která řeší podmínky nutné pro zakládání chmelnic hybridními odrůdami. Jedná se o hybridní odrůdy Bor, Premiant, Sládek, Agnus, Harmonie a Rubín.
Fulltext: PDF
|
|
| |
|
|
Integrated system of hop cultivation
Krofta, Karel ; Ježek, Josef ; Klapal, Ivo ; Křivánek, Jindřich ; Pokorný, Jaroslav ; Pulkrábek, Josef ; Vostřel, Josef
Certifikovaná metodika shrnuje zásady integrovaného způsobu pěstování chmele. Pěstitelský proces je veden snahou o prevenci a potlačení výskytu škodlivých organismů podporou užitečné entomofauny. Navrhovaná opatření směřuji ke zvýšení půdní úrodnosti, schopnosti půdy vytvořit optimální prostředí pro kořenovou soustavu rostlin chmele a během celé jejich vegetační doby jim zajistit dostatečné množství živin, vzduchu a vody pro jejich růst a vývoj, směřující k maximální produkci chmelových hlávek. Ošetřeni pesticidy se provádí jen v nezbytně nutném rozsahu až po dosažení prahu hospodářské škodlivosti. Zásady integrované produkce chmele jsou aplikovatelné v klasických vysokých konstrukcích i systému pěstovaní chmele v nízkých konstrukcích.
Fulltext: PDF
|
|
|
Cereals growing in the Czech Republic 1990-2012
HÁVOVÁ, Nikol
This bachelor theses deals with the cultivation of cereals in the Czech Republic for the last 22 years. Cereals are still among the important crops of our country. From 1990 to 2012 there were changes in the cultivation and use of the 1st cereal group. The changes that have occurred in agricultural technology, in the use of varieties, sown areas and yields and the reasons for those changes addressed in this work.
|
guest ::
