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The United Russia and strengthening of the influence in the Russian Federation
Vondráčková, Dominika ; Příhoda, David (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This work is about the United Russia - party of power in Russian Federation. The exact aim is to define and describe main ways of strenghtening the party's power within the system. Those ways are especially: election reforms, biased medias, biased voting behavior managed through regions and youth movements. Text is divided into three chapters - theoretical, historical and practical. The first chapter talks about theory of political parties, parties of power in general, and about hegemonic party systems. This chapter provides theoretical frame and supports argumentation that hegemonic party needs to use certain activities in order to perpetuate its influence. Second chapter explores the history and tradition of political parties in Russia. Traditionally parties were very weak and often established by state, instead of being established by the civil society and its cleavages. In this part are shown longer-term factors, which are helpful in perpetuating strong Russian party of power. Last chapter shows the main spheres through which the party strengthens itself. We talk about period since 2001 when the party was established until presence (2016). Here are demonstrated concrete examples - for instance how exactly was changed the electorate system in order to advance the United Russia, how is the voting...
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The Role of the United Russia in Political System of the Russian Federation
Vondráčková, Dominika ; Příhoda, David (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
Main focus of this text is the current party of power in Russia - the United Russia. The party was established on purpose of competing another party (and take away votes), but eventually gained quite high number of votes itself. Almost since the beginning we could have been witnessing a partnership between United Russia and Vladimir Putin. After Vladimir Putin became a president in 2000, legal changes concerning parties had occurred. The goal of my writing is to show what role does the party have and how the system influences United Russia's position in the system. In the first chapter I focus on typologies of party systems. I begin with Sartori and his classification of less competitive regimes and then I am moving towards special terms which are especially being used for Russian case. In the next chapter, I am talking mainly about changes of party system and reforms in the system which came hand in hand with Putin's presidency. Those reforms show us very clearly the tendencies within party system held by the Kremlin. At the end I talk about United Russia and its distribution of power.
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Vladimir Putin's path to power
Dryndak, Roksolana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Litera, Bohuslav (referee)
Bachelor thesis Vladimir Putin's path to power focuses on analysis of the development of his career. I have chosen to approach it by case study method. It chronologically describes the development of Putin's career, dated from the moment he joined the KGB structure back in 1975 up till his victory in Russian Federation presidential elections in March 2000. Part of my thesis is an introduction of his political contribution in years 1996-2000. These years gained him more popularity and therefore he became massively influential throughout these 4 years. However, it mostly focuses on infra-political machinations of Boris Yeltsin and his people towards Putin. My thesis also sums up the basic facts and specifics of high Russian politics in this era, in order to make the whole issue more understandable. I managed to set and describe main breaking points of Putin's political career. His presence and Saint Petersburg City Administration is to be remembered at first place, as much as his time as a director of Federal Security Services. This thesis also declares Putin's chances to take over the presidential office after Boris Yeltsin.
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Annotated Тranslation of an Еssay: Anna Politkovskaya. Putinʼs Russiа (Biblioteka Al'debaran: http: lib.aldebaran.ru)
Hovorková, Aneta ; Rubáš, Stanislav (advisor) ; Oganesjanová, Danuše (referee)
Reference 1 Abstract The aim of this Master Thesis is to present annotated translation of the chapter Nord-Ost. Noveyshaya istoriya unichtozheniya (Istoriya pervaya. Pyatyi; Istoriya vtoraya. No. 2551 - neizvestnyi; Istoriya tretya. Siradzhi, Yacha i vsye-vsye-vsye). The first part of the commentary focuses on analysis of the author's life and work, current political and social situation in the Russian Federation and the position of Russian opposition journalists and organisations. The next part presents comparative analysis of the original and also translation solutions, which were created with emphasis on the functional equivalence. In this part the translation method is presented. The closing part discusses translation solutions of the difficult parts of the text.
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Uzbekistan's Foreign Policy: The Pendulum Diplomacy between the US and Russia
Lídl, Václav ; Šír, Jan (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This rigorous thesis deals with the creation of Uzbekistan's foreign policy. It attempts to answer three main research questions: What were the chief goals of Tashkent's foreign policy? What were the factors that influenced the creation of Uzbekistan's foreign policy? Which factors and causes played the decisive role in the case of Uzbekistan's most significant foreign policy turnovers in 2001, 2005 and 2012? It claims the principal aims of Uzbekistan's foreign policy were threefold. Firstly, it was the preservation of Uzbekistan's independence. Secondly, it was the strengthening and securing of Karimov's regime. Finally, it was the attempt to become the regional leader in Central Asia. Subsequently, the study maintains that the foreign policy formulation was altered by four processes or challenges which the regime in Tashkent had to cope with. These were namely the challenge of geopolitical position, establishing of a viable political system, transforming the command economy, and the threat of radical or political Islam. Uzbekistan's pendulum diplomacy between the US and Russia is a new term coined for the purposes of this study. I argue that Tashkent was prone to change abruptly its strategic partner in order to secure its three strategic imperatives. Hence, there occurred three turnovers of...
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Pension Reform in the Russian Federation and Its Political Consequences during Vladimir Putin's Tenure
Ringelová, Johana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Cibulková, Petra (referee)
The main aim of this Bachelor thesis is to describe the situation in the pension system of the Russian Federation starting from the year 2000, when Vladimir Putin became the new head of the Russian Federation, and finishing in April 2015. The thesis analyses the development of the pension system in this period with the special emphasis on the 2002 pension reform, the main principles of its functioning and the process of its passing in the Russian parliament. Next in the text, there is a failed attempt of a reform of non-monetary benefits in the year 2005, which led to mass protests of Russian public and showed, where the boundaries of structural reforms are. Last chapters are aimed at the 2010 pension reform and the current situation in the Russian pension system. Main problems of the whole system are also analysed in the text and possible solutions are offered. Special attention in the analyses of the pension system is paid towards the political aspect of the development of the pension system. It played a major role in shaping of the pension reforms and changing preferences of Russian voters had great impact on the decision making process.
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Security of the Russian Federation: (de)securitization of the U.S. by Russian representatives
Vacková, Zdeňka ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
The master thesis called Security of the Russian Federation: (de)securitization of the U.S. by Russian representatives deals with the security of Russia from the top representatives points of view. The analyzed time is determined by the presidential term of Dmitry Medvedev (2008 - April 2012). The aim of the thesis is to find out, why the U.S. was (de)securitized during the Medvedev's presidential term and confirm or disprove the predefined hypothesis. President, prime minister and minister of foreign affairs create the foreign politics of Russian federation. Their speeches and interviews are the main source of the data. The basic security terms and the theories (de)securitization are discussed in the first part of the thesis. The Russian point of view of security is defined in the following part. There are analyzed oficial documents focusing on definition of the national security, foreign policy and military field. There are also discussed the Russian media discourse since 90s of the 20 century and Russian- American relations. The last empirical part analyzes the interviews and speeches of the president Medvedev, of the prime minister Putin and of the minister of foreign affairs Lavrov in terms of their attitudes to the U.S.
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Collapse of the USSR - Russsian national tragedy? Analysis of the Russian public opinion on the dissolution of the Soviet Union
Lelek, Jakub ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Kolenovská, Daniela (referee)
Bachelor thesis Collapse of the USSR - Russian national tragedy? Analysis of the Russian public opinion on the dissolution of the Soviet Union discusses the Russian public opinion development about the end of the Soviet Union during the presidency of Boris Yeltsin (1991 - 1999) and Vladimir Putin (2000 - 2008). The first chapter illustrates the situation in Russia after the collapse of the USSR; afterwards it describes the social, political and economic situation of the country during mentioned periods. Based on the available opinion polls and academic works the second part of the thesis examines the shift in Russian understanding of the collapse of the Soviet Union. The fundamental premise of this thesis is the idea that the end of the USSR was Russian national tragedy. After the analysis author concludes that in Russian society during the presidency of both Yeltsin and Putin remained a basic level of post- Soviet nostalgia, yet it wasn't a national tragedy. The regretting was presented within the older generation, for which the Soviet Union symbolized not only a major global player in international politics, but also their own (often idealized) youth, as well as within the younger generation, that has never had direct experience with the USSR. Furthermore author concludes that due to the...
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Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in securitizing discourse of the USA and Russia : role in the process of security policy formation of nuclear-armed states
Klůz, Tomáš ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in securitizing discourse of the USA and Russia: Role in the process of security policy formation of nuclear-armed states Abstract This master thesis deals with a political usage of securitization of weapons of mass destruction by presidents of the two most important nuclear powers - USA and Russian Federation. For this purpose, discursive analysis of speeches of both presidents during their first terms is performed, with a goal to identify and interpret the securitizational discourse. Result is the analysis of most common type of usage of WMD securitization for legitimization of foreign-political steps and goals of these states, and their comparison. Results of the analysis shows that in the case of the US, WMD securitization was being used mainly for legitimization of politics of active formation of international situation so it would fit the US interests. In the case of Russia on the other hand, analysed discourse was being used mainly for preservation of international status quo in as stable form as possible, due to priority of domestic situation. In both cases however, predominantly economical motivations for the use of analysed discourse can be argued.
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