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Kvalita a zpracování plodů rybízu
Hotárková, Terezie
This bachelor's thesis is devoted to the issue of red currants – small fruits from the berry group. Previously common fruits represented in almost every garden are now more of a marginally grown species. Due to its exceptional content characteristics and contribution to human health, this decline is very unfortunate, especially taking into account the simplicity of cultivation. The theoretical part of this work is focused on botanical characteristics, cultivation, processing and storage of red currants. The practical part compares seven varieties grown on school grounds ('Jonkheer van Tets', 'Junifer', 'Detvan', 'Tatran', 'Losan', 'Rovada' and 'Rondom'). These varieties were evaluated in terms of physico-chemical properties as predictive factors of their possible wider use in the food industry.
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Možnosti využití mykorhizy při vegetativním množení červeného rybízu
Vašíčková, Lucie
This diploma thesis deals with usage of mycorrhizal fungi on slip propagation in order to reach better results and make progress in production of the slips in Plant Nursery Practice. My experiment was carried out on woody slips of red currants (Ribes rubrum L.). The plants were devided into four groups, containing fifty samples each. The matter of this experiment was the inoculation of substrate with mycorrhizal fungi in various dosages, followed up with a detection of arbuscular mycorrhiza on roots of the samples. During this experiment I watched overall height, number of leaves, size of leaf area, leaf- green content, number of furcation, root collar diameter and the difference in girth above buttress. Further on, I assessed the rate of mycorrhizal fungi colonization in monitored plants.
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Sledování výskytu patogenů na druzích r. Ribes na lokalitě Modřice
Haba, Jan
This diploma thesis deals with the most significant fungal pathogens Podosphaera mors-uvae, Cronartium ribicola and Drepanopeziza ribis, which can be commonly identified on currants and gooseberries in our climatic conditions. There are descriptions of various pathogens, how they spread and survive throughout the year, preventive defence and possibilities of curative chemical defence are also introduced. The state of attack of the plants by pathogens was monitored and evaluated. 10 cultivars of currants and 10 cultivars of gooseberries were used for this experiment. The most significant occurrence of P. mors-uvae on annual shoots and on fruit was noticed on gooseberry cultivars 'Terno', 'Golden fig', 'Neguš' and 'Industrie' and on currant cultivars 'Favorit' and 'Junifer'. On the other hand, gooseberry cultivars 'Kaptivátor' and 'Prima' and currant cultivars 'Titania' and 'Detvan' were not attacked. The heaviest occurrence of C. ribicola was recorded on gooseberry cultivar 'Karát', 'Kaptivátor' and 'Karmen' which were defoliated as a result of the pathogen attack. From currants, the heaviest attack was noted on cultivars 'Othelo', 'Titania' and 'Nigra'. The occurrence of D. ribis was slightly noticable on gooseberry cultivars 'Karmen', 'Karát', 'Prima' and 'Invicta'. In terms of currants, the most severe occurrence was logged on cultivar 'Jonkher van Tets'.
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Kvalita drobného ovoce v průběhu skladování
Němcová, Monika
The bachelor thesis ,,Quality of small fruits during storage" is dealing with the description of particular kinds of fruit, substance composition, technological parameters, ways of harvesting and occurrence of diseases and pests. Part of the thesis is designated to the possible means of storage of small fruits, description of technologies focused on controlled atmosphere and ULO. Two of the currant cultivars (Trent and Detvan) were observed, during the time of the storage, in the practical part of the thesis. Atributes in differences assessed, were concerning if the fruits were treated with ozone, the state of health of the fruits and the controll of mass decrease. The content of soluble dry basis was deremined by labaratory experiments.
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Determination of selected nutritional parameters in the fruit of the plant genus Ribes
Ledvina, Vojtěch ; Diviš, Pavel (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the small fruit representatives from the plant genus Ribes L. - currant, gooseberry and jostaberry. The beginning of theoretical part describes history of cultivation and basic botanical description of individual cultivars. The next part describes important substances contained in fruit as well as their importance in human diet and it also describes some basic products made of the Ribes L. genus representatives. The final section of the theoretical part contains basic principal of determination of individual nutritional parameters. In the experimental part several nutritional parameters were determined including dry matter, soluble solids, pH, titratable acids, formol number, reducing sugars and total phenolics. Individual species and cultivars were compared based on the results.
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Selected nutritional parameters of some lesser known fruit
Diblíková, Michaela ; Hrstka, Miroslav (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
Diploma thesis is focused on the chemical analysis of the juices of black, red and white currant and jostaberry (Ribes a Ribes x culverwellii). The theoretical part is focused to the definition of fruit, fruit importance in human nutrition, description of Ribes and Ribes x culverwellii genuses, active substances in the currants and the jostaberry, description of selected chemical parameters and the determination of some of them. The procedures of determining for the following chemical parameters are described in the experimental section: determination of reducing sugars, determination of total and soluble solids, formol number, pH, titratable acidity, determination of total phenols and anthocyanins and determination of vitamin C in two samples jostaberry, six varieties of black currants, one variety of white currant and two varieties of red currants. Based on the evaluation of the obtained results, the comparison was made with different varieties and the thesis that "overall comparison of the different varieties in the content of phenolic compounds, vitamin C and anthocyanins appears to be the most promising variety of blackcurrant demon. It should however be noted that the highest content of phenolics and anthocyanins were determined in jostaberry„ has been suggested.
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Characterization of minor fruit varieties in terms of use in the food industry
Jurečková, Zuzana ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Golian, Jozef (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The thesis deals with one group of small fruits, the genus Ribes, ie currants, and gooseberries. It assesses their physical and chemical parameters with respect to the possibility of use in these properties for the design of a new type of product – beverages. Titration, spectrometric and other methods were used for the evaluation of these properties. A total of fifteen of these methods were available (total juice yield, juice pH, total dry matter, soluble fruit dry matter, titratable acidity, formolic number, reducing carbohydrate content, D-glucose, D-fructose and sucrose content, total polyphenolic substance content, anthocyanins, vitamin C and total antioxidant capacity) and a total of nine analytes (copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, manganese, potassium, calcium and sodium) were selected for the determination of mineral elements. For two years (harvest 2014 and 2015), these parameters were monitored for color variants of currants (white, red and black) and gooseberries (green-fruited, yellow-fruited and red-fruited). A total of six white varieties were tested in the group of currants - Olin, Jantar, Primus, Blanka, Viktoria and Orion, eleven varieties of red currants - Junnifer, Jesan, Detvan, Rovada, Rubigo, J.V.Tets, Tatran, Losan, Kozolupský raný, Stanca, NŠLS 11/6 and eleven varieties of black currant varieties - Ometa, Démon, Triton, Ben Hope, Ruben, Ben Gairm, Ben Lomond, Moravia, Ben Conan, Fokus and Ceres. A total of five varieties of green-fruited gooseberries were tested - Zebín, Mucurines, Rixanta, Rodnik and Prima. Yellow-fruited gooseberries were available in four varieties - Lemon Giant, Invicta, Golden Fig and Darek. The red-fruited gooseberries included varieties - Rolonda, Alan, Karat, Karmen, Krasnoslawjanskij, Himnomacki Rot, Remarka, Tamara and Black Neguš. Using Tukey's test, an analysis was performed and by scoring individual varieties based on the results of individual analyzes, a list of recommended varieties was compiled for further work on the development of a new beverage. Unfortunately, in 2015 there were very few fruits of green-fruited and yellow-fruited gooseberries, so it was decided that the volume of fruit will fall on the testing of bioactive substances. Therefore, at the end of the work, it is not possible to objectively evaluate these varieties of gooseberries in the whole range of analyzes. Therefore, the point evaluation of varieties was based on the averages of individual varieties. The red-fruited varieties were available in full, and therefore a full evaluation could take place. The most significant differences between red gooseberry varieties were in the content of bioactive substances (the content of polyphenolic substances, anthocyanin dyes, and vitamin C) and antioxidant capacity. These results were provided to the food subject, which continued to work with these values. Based on this project, utility model No. PUV 2016-33171 and the resulting combined drink based on wine and fruit juice were developed.
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Elemental analysis of different currants varieties
Kovaříková, Tereza ; Divišová, Radka (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the elemental analysis of different varieties of red (Ribes rubrum), white (Ribes vulgare) and black currant (Ribes nigrum). The theoretical part contains botanical description of each variety of this small fruit, then description of analyzed elements and their function in human metabolism. Then there are described analytical methods suitable for elemental analysis in food. The experimental part is focused on the preparation of sample and its subsequent analysis by spectroscopic teqniques. All of the currant samples were given by Research and breeding institute of pomology Holovousy L.td. All the samples were mineralized by the wet ashing in concentrated HNO3 and analyzed by the ICP–OES teqnique. Final concentrations of each elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) were stastistically compared by Tukey’s multiple comparation method and then have been compared with the results reported in literature.
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Changes in selected local fruits during freezing.
Matějková, Markéta ; Melounová, Jitka (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This diploma thesis was focused on study of low-molecular antioxidants present in various kinds of fruits, namely berries. In theoretical part detailed characterization of antioxidants studied in presented work and their biological effects are introduced. Further, principals of processing and storage of specified species of fruits are discussed. Changes observed during storage of specific fruits are described too. In practical part changes in content of selected antioxidants in berries were followed. As studied material strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, red and black currants were used. All kind of these fruits was stored in fridge for six months using several different kind of processing. Berries were stored as whole fruits, whole osmotically processed fruits by sucrose, raw pulp and sweetened pulp. At first, starting values of selected antioxidant parameters were measured in fresh fruits (ascorbate, total antioxidant activity, total phenolics, catechins and individual flavonoids). After freezing the same parameters were measured regularly in two month periods. As the most suitable method of fruit processing, with regard to antioxidant content, storage of the whole fruits or pulp can be recommended. Content of ascorbate decreased in all forms and species of the processed fruits during all the time of storage. Oppositely, the content of other studied antioxidants exhibited fluctuations or increasing trend. Sensory analysis was proved for the whole fruits and also for whole sweetened fruits.
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