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The problematics of the evolution of euthanasia and assisted suicide in the United States of America in relation to the development of global human rights
Kovalenko, Marija ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
My thesis addresses the question of how the issue of euthanasia and physician-assisted dying in the United States of America has been evolving in relation to the development of human rights. Taking a long-term view, arguments of the current debate on the issue of evaluation of both practices, euthanasia and physician-assisted dying has revealed the persistent controversial stance on moral justifications of ethics dissonance and the economic response. The point is to illustrate the scope of the dissociation by analyzing arguments and counter- arguments in relation to the question of the bilateral interweaving and interaction with respect for fundamental human rights and a synopsis of the ethics of dying that take into account the abuse of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. The interpretation of the development of the attitude of American society and the American medical diaspora has been reflected. In euthanasia and physician-assisted dying debates, analytical synopsis of the development of tolerance in American society in the context of rational choice in view of the economic, ethical, and religious assumptions and the possibility of an alternative option have been critically scrutinized. Given the ambiguous nature of ethical permissibility and legalization of euthanasia and assisted...
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Application of the Theory of Coalitions on Regional Level
Švec, Kamil ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
This article aims to analyse the process of constitute district's counsils in Czech Republic after elections in 2000 and 2004. At first it defines the theory of games, theory of rational choice and theory of coalition and it gives their interpretation. It also talks about electoral and party systems as factors which influence the formation of coalitions. Afterwards it focuses on the electoral period since 2000 and it evaluates the results of election to the representative districts in Czech Republic. It talks about the electoral period after 2004 in detail. Generally it evaluates the results of election and compares the theoretical precondition with the origin coalition. It also observed factors which complicated the bargainings about the coalitions. In the conclusion generalize some factors with the influence on the bargaining. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Harmonization of Maternity and Professional Life of High-Income Women in Prague
Beranová, Barbora ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Maříková, Hana (referee)
The master thesis called "Harmonization of maternity and professional life of high- income women in Prague" is focused on usage and evaluation of maternity leave promotion. The main research hypothesis is that women are more interested in promotion from the employee side (in flexible forms of work) than from the state side (finance). The author mainly considers theory of rational choice due to the author Gary S. Becker who explains changes in reproduction through this theory. As another theoretical perspectives are used relevant researches and Czech and foreign literature review. In order to fulfill the aim of the master thesis were analyzed qualitative half- structured interviews between women from a base population. The conclusion, based on this research is that women from the base population are more interested in promotion from the employee side (in flexible forms of work) than on the promotion from the state side (finance).
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Political Perspectives of Sustainability of Welfare State in the Czech republic
Mohnert, Jan ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Novotný, Vilém (referee)
The problem of the sustainability of the welfare state became over several last years one of the most important political, medial and social topics in the Czech republic. Recent experience from countries of southern Europe are showing, that large welfare states are in their current size economically unsustainable, because they significantly participate on creating public budget's deficits and on the growth of government debt. In this master's thesis I deal with exploring the possibility, that political parties in the Czech republic conduct a reduction of the Czech welfare state's size. The thesis draws on the economic theory of democracy developed by Joseph Schumpeter and Anthony Downs and the argumentation builds on its assumption that political parties are rational actors motivated purely by gaining votes and winning elections. Based on this assumption, I develop an economic model of partisan decision-making and conclude conditions, that allow political parties to decide rationally in accordance with their assumed motivation to conduct the reduction of the welfare state. The fulfillment of these conditions is consequently being empirically analyzed for the specific case of the Czech republic. The results of my analysis show, that none of these conditions is fulfilled in the Czech republic - by...
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Game theory in international relations: Case study of invasion to Czechoslovakia in 1968
Mészáros, Pavel ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (referee)
This present thesis aims to analyse Czechoslovak crisis in 1968 using the game theoretic approach. In the theoretical part of thesis are outlines the basics of game theory, its possibilities and main assumptions as well as the traits that it has in common with some theories of international relations. Consequent part begins with the description of historic events during Czechoslovak crisis of 1968. International circumstances, causes and consequences are also summarized in this part. The practical part of the thesis contains analysis of rational solutions of game-theoretic models that were chosen on the grounds of compatibility with historic events. The outcomes of models were afterwards compared with those historic, to conclude the rational or irrational behavior of the states according to game theory during the crisis.
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