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The Dragon's Pearls: Decoding the Chinese Strategy for the Indian Ocean
Porter, Andrew ; Karásková, Ivana (advisor) ; Karmazin, Aleš (referee)
In the Indian Ocean Region, China's economic and strategic interests are converging as many of its investments lie along the vital ocean routes needed to literally and figuratively fuel its growing economy. The rollout of Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative, against the backdrop of, and in line with this convergence, has raised concerns about the military-strategic utility of various infrastructure projects. The increased economic connectivity that drives the Belt and Road has inherent strategic consequences, but the degree to which geostrategic factors drive investments divides analysts. Some believe that certain ports have been purposefully selected as future bases for China's navy. To address the difficulty of comprehending China's foreign policy decisions, this thesis draws on a neoclassical realist interpretation of international relations, and uses geographical location, collective memory, strategic culture, and domestic politics to develop a better understanding of Chinese policymakers' perceptions of their international security environment. This study develops methodology to evaluate the strategic value of a site in context to different basing strategies. The work sheds light on how China views its future position in the world by deciphering intentions behind Chines investments in ports...
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The Causes of the Deterioration of Trade Relations Between the US and China During the Donald J. Trump Administration
Broda, David ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
1 Abstract The thesis' main focus is Donald J. Trump's administration's trade policy towards People's Republic of China. Since taking office, Trump has been striving to turn the trade policy towards PRC into a more protectionist one. His argument is that China's economic prosperity is acquired through unfair trade practices, which damages the economy of USA. Since the beginning of 2018 up until the end of 2019, Trump imposed high tariffs on numerous Chinese goods and PRC does the same in return. The resulting tit-for-tat policies cause the deterioriation of the two countries' trade relations. The thesis searches for the main causes of Trump's trade policy towards PRC, which is in comparison with the two preceding presidential administratives more aggressive. The thesis' primary hypothesis assumes that the cause lies in the risk that the strengthening China poses on the US hegemonic role in the international order. The thesis confirms this hypothesis on the basis of the theory of relative gains, hegemonic stability and comparative advantage. The hypothesis is supported with examples concerning US economy, security, institutional power and legitimacy. 2 Title: The Causes of the Deterioration of Trade Relations Between the US and China During the Donald J. Trump Administration Author: David Broda
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UNCLOS and the role of the United States in the South China Sea
Kaňková, Michaela ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Pondělíček, Jiří (referee)
This Master's thesis is focusing on why the United States of America never ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. It is analysing the prevailing arguments which were used in 1982, which led to President Ronald Reagan never ratifying the Convention. As well as why the same thing happened in 1994 when the United Nations agreed on an Update to the Convention. Then the thesis is focusing on crucial parts of the Convention, which are part of the arguments for or against the ratification of the Convention, as well as those which have a great influence on the American approach to the high seas. Furthermore, this thesis is trying to offer a current insight into the problematic of why the United States still did not ratify the Convention, despite the fact that they used the Convention as an explanation why they patron the high seas as well as the right of innocent passage. At the same time, the findings are then looked at from the perspective of the South China Sea, which is a region the United States monitor. This last part is attempting to do several things. First, it is explaining the issue of the South China Sea and the interest of the United States in it. Then it is looking at the way by which the United States try to promote their interests in the region on how the fact them...
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Analysis of the behaviour of selected states in the South China Sea
Jetelinová, Denisa ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Karásková, Ivana (referee)
The South China Sea has been already for several centuries the root of a dispute among states neighbouring along its borders, namely the People's Republic of China (China), Vietnam, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Malaysia. Since the Sea is very geopolitically and geostrategically important, China attempts to claim itself to be a sovereign. However, its activities face the demands of other states, especially Vietnam and the Philippines, which are also interested in gaining control over the islands in the South China Sea. For that reason, the dispute still persists, and the continuous activities of all concerned countries have created an endless spiral of events in which it is difficult to distinguish between the action and the reaction of individual actors in the dispute. My diploma thesis therefore focuses on the analysis of actions of the three selected countries, China, Vietnam, and the Philippines, from the perspective of structural realism that is split into two contradictory streams, defensive and offensive. Their different views on the world help me to clarify whether the behaviour of the chosen actors is defensive of offensive. For the analysis, the period from 2011 to 2018 was chosen. During that time, several major incidents have appeared between selected countries, especially...
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U.S.-Chinese relations during the administration of Gerald Ford
Kofroňová, Jana ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
Main purpose of the bachelor thesis is to examine and analyse relations between United States of America and People's Republic of China during the administration of President Gerald Ford and to list reasons why the Ford administration was not able to establish official diplomatic relations with People's Republic of China. The thesis is divided into three sections. First, the thesis discusses historical background of U.S.-Chinese relations mainly during Richard Nixon's presidency. Afterwards the thesis analyses relations between United States of America and People's Republic of China during the administration of President Ford. Finally, the thesis examines actions of Jimmy Carter's administration which preceded to establishing official diplomatic relations between United States of America and People's republic of China. The thesis concludes that there were multiple reasons why the Ford administration was not able to establish U.S.-Chinese relations during his presidency. The main reason was that the United States had diplomatic relations with the Republic of China. Other reason was that the Chinese were adamant about their demands toward the United States. Final reason was that there was unfavourable political situation in the United States and also in the People's Republic of China.
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Economic and social impacts of hanization in Xinjiang
Joachimsthalerová, Alena ; Vlčková, Jana (advisor) ; Bejkovský, Jan (referee)
The goal of this work is to identify the economic and social areas most affected by migration of majority Han ethnic group in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and to find out how are they influenced by the migration. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first is focused on Xinjiang in general and demonstrates the importance of this autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. The second chapter aims at the development and reasons for Han migration to Xinjiang, with an emphasis on migration after 1949. The last chapter examines the implications of this migration in three categories - social, economic and socio-economic. The main topics are religion, social unrests, education, urbanisation, the impact on GDP, income inequality and labour market.
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New direction in Chinese foreign policy: Belt and Road Initiative
Zabranská, Andrea ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Bejkovský, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the key project of Chinese foreign policy - the Belt and Road Initiative. The People's Republic of China is trying to revive the historic Silk Road and its success through this initiative. The initiative has also become the flagship of Xi Jinping's new directions in Chinese foreign policy. The aim of this diploma thesis is to capture the main milestones in the development of the Belt and Road Initiative, especially in relation to the Chinese foreign policy; the evaluation of the project and its future, including the reactions of other international relations actors. In the first part, the thesis deals with the theory, i.e. the issue of international relations, foreign policy and the influences that affect it. The second chapter describes the historical Silk Road, strategic importance of the area in which it led, and other selected international projects for its renewal. The third chapter maps the development of the Belt and Road Initiative, the reasons for its origin and its main objectives. The final chapter then evaluates the project in terms of its contribution, threats and other international actors.
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Soviet support of North Vietnam during Indochinese Wars
Balaš, Jan ; Čížek, Martin (advisor) ; Litera, Bohuslav (referee)
This thesis deals with Soviet support of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam since its formation in 1945 until the end of the Second Indochina Conflict. Based on the study of secondary sources, this work tries to chronologically describe its development with highlighting the crucial moments that have influenced soviet support. Through this research, this work concluded that the intensity of soviet support was directly dependent on the current needs of Soviet foreign policy in relation to the Cold War and relations with the Western powers, respectively within the communist bloc and relations with China. As to relations with the West, the Soviet Union sought to improve those relations and the support to the Vietnamese communists held to the extent that it did not directly abolish these efforts. As regards relations with the West, the Soviet Union sought to improve and support the Vietnamese Communists in particular, to the extent that it did not directly abolish these efforts. In the context of China, this work points to the opposite phenomenon. The power struggle within the Communist bloc and the struggle for influence in Vietnam has, on the contrary, provoked increased support in efforts to overcome its competitor. The main contribution of this work is a comprehensive chronological analysis of the...
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China in Global and Regional policy in the 21st Century- Geopolitical Clash with Japan, India, USA, Russia, and Europe
Petrtýl, Martin ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (advisor) ; Kofroň, Jan (referee) ; Andělová, Petra (referee)
CHINA IN GLOBAL AND REGIONAL POLITICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY - GEOPOLITICAL CLASH WITH JAPAN, INDIA, USA, RUSSIA AND EUROPE Mgr. Martin Petrtýl Supervisor: Doc. Dr. Bořivoj Hnízdo, PhD. Institute of Political Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences This dissertation discusses the current and future role of China in the 21st century. I worked with the idea to prepare a systematically detailed analytical study of the country in relation to its surroundings as well as its internal environment for more than 8 years, including many interruptions. I, above all, contemplated about the way how to truly scientifically, i.e. credibly, it means in the maximum possible the limits of verifiability, develop a full work that could hold up to the colleagues from the scientific community and myself. It is logical it was and is my attempt to allow minimal possibility of any criticism of this work for its formal, content, or other deficiencies. First, I decided to analyse in some detail the currently known theoretical approaches and methods of study, not only in political sciences, especially those used by political geographers, but also in other related fields, especially in the field of study of international relations, sociology, political science or general security studies. I did not want to study the issue is the...
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