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Cultural Policy Amidst Disputed Memory: Cultural Sector Impacts in Kosovo and Nagorno-Karabakh
Conyers, Heather ; Brisku, Adrian (advisor) ; Asavei, Maria Alina (referee)
The cultural heritage sector's role in ethnic conflict is a direct reflection of the official narrative i tis trying to convey. The challenges these sectors face under various challenges are a topic of academic discussion as it relates to various other theoretical aspects. Previous research has indicated themes of antagonism, primordialism, and perennialism within national narratives surrounding ethnci conflict and territorial disputes. The international response has been varied in these situations and intercultural dialogu eis largely fascilitated by outside organisations. This thesis examines primary and secondary sources relating to the conflicts in Nagorno Karabakh and Kosovo. Examples are presented reflecting the cultural heritage landscape in both cases. Nagorno Karabakh and Kosovo are then compared and assesed for similairites and differences. This thesis found that the cultural heritage sector in both regions were similair in terms of context, myths, and antagonistic commemorations, but differeed regarding jurisdiction and application.
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Nagorno-Karabakh: 2020 war and the new geopolitical reality.
Vantsyan, Tatevik ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, which erupted in the end of 1980s, entered its most dangerous phase after the 1994 ceasefire agreement. The 2020 war totally changed the geopolitical situation of the South Caucasus region. After the victory and preservation of the status quo for 26 years, Armenia suffered huge losses and is left defeated and humiliated. Russian influence enhanced due to deployment of peacekeepers into Nagorno-Karabakh, while Turkey actively engaged in the war, openly supported Azerbaijan, and took a position of a more active player. Clash of conflicts between the reality and the narratives and rhetoric, which have been an inseparable part of this conflict, reached its culmination during the war. Even though the military actions were halted, and Russian-brokered trilateral ceasefire agreement was signed, long-term peace and reaching a final conflict solution seem quite farfetched.
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The Element of Surprise: A Study of Two Modern Surprise Attacks
Tadevosyan, Tatevik ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Rosendorf, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis analyses two modern surprise attacks - the 1982 Falklands War between Argentina and Great Britain; and the 2016 April War (also known as the Four Days War) among Azerbaijan, Armenia, and de facto Republic of Nagorno Karabakh. Using literature of the Theory of Surprise, the study tries to determine the reasons why states chose the strategy of surprise, and how did they decide on the timing of the wars. It also displays the shortcomings inherent in the strategy of surprise, and points out where the mistakes, false assumptions of the belligerents in these two cases studies lay. Finally, a comparative study of the cases highlights the ideas that can improve a state's preparedness and hopefully avoid surprise attacks in the future. Thesis title: The Element of Surprise: A Study of Two Modern Surprise Attacks Author: Tatevik Tadevosyan Study programme: Security Studies Supervisor: Dr Jan Ludvík, PhD Year of the defence: 2020
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Does Media Coverage Help to Understand Conflicts? Redefining the Concept of Peace Journalism and a Comparative Analysis of Cyprus and Nagorno Karabach Conflicts in the Czech Media
Hroch, Jaroslav ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Záhora, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to contribute to theoretically sound concept of Peace Journalism, which combines theoretical foundations from two spheres: conflict and peace studies and media studies. Influence of journalists as intervening force and explaining factor with regard to (violent) conflict is neglected. However, Peace Journalism is not theoretically strong and builds upon dualistic definition vis-á-vis so-called War Journalism. The concept of Peace Journalism has to overcome this delamination in order to reflect theoretical underpinnings of conflict transformation theory and conflict analysis. Moreover, Peace Journalism has to differentiate media according to an involvement of given societies in a conflict. This offers an opportunity to specifically and accurately analyse news coverage of conflicts. Case studies analysing Czech coverage of Cyprus and Nagorno-Karabakh conflicts illustrates this approach. The coverage is essentially flat, distorts a reality of the conflict, pays attention to visual and physical aspects of the conflict and closes the conflicts in arbitrary time boundaries.
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Third parties' role in the frozen conflicts of the South Caucasus. The Cases of Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia and Abkhazia.
Ganjaliyeva, Farahkhanim ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
The thesis aims to discuss effectiveness of the international conflict resolution in the region of the South Caucasus, analyzing the challenges to international efforts to solve the three conflict cases: the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh is among the frozen disputes in the region, the others Abkhazia and the South Ossetia are nominally independent states, however de facto occupied by Russia. It is the fact that three regional players Russia, Turkey and Iran and global players Russia, US, EU have different type of impacts to conflict settlements in the region which directly relate to their political and economic interests. Therefore, after two decades of mediation by powerful states provided no final resolution with numerous attempts at mediation, wherein the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) has taken the lead. The complicated and interdepended relations of states make this region highly sensitive area for war and peace in the world theatrical chessboard. Author also analyzes the effectiveness of conflict management between the parties by focusing on conflicts in the South Caucasus region mentioning their historical, political, security and ethnic dimensions, where international organizations, namely OSCE, UN, EU involve.
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Strategies of resolution of the Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict by Participating States and Key Outside Actors
Kuľková, Miroslava ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
Master thesis "Strategy of Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict resolution by participating states and key external actors"deals with the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, in the center of which lies the dispute about the Nagorno Karabakh. Using qualitative analysis of grand strategy of Armenia and Azerbaijan and grand strategies of key regional and external stakeholders it uncovers interests, objectives and postures of the players in their strategic environment. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the grand strategies I assess their effectiveness in relation to fulfillment of the state's goals and also the role, which conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan plays in their strategy. In theoretical part I present short overview of the evolution of the concept of grand strategy and also operationalization of assessment of the strategies. In the second chapter I describe the historical background of south Caucasus, which is crucial for understanding of the conflictive nature of some interstate states in the region. In the third chapter I analyze grand strategies of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkey, Russia, USA and EU. In the last chapter I summarize the effectiveness and relevance of chosen strategies.
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The Foreign Policy and Statehood Issues of Nagorno Karabakh. Case Study of the Quasi-state
Křikava, Filip ; Slačálek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Suchý, Štěpán (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to determine whether Nagorno-Karabakh can act autonomously with respect to internal and external sovereignty and whether a sense of Nagorno-Karabakh identity exists. The subject will be examined as a single case study with the application of the concept of weak states to the quasi-state Nagorno-Karabakh. The paper will first review the historical development of relations among Azerbaijan, Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. It will then focus on the foreign policy and the internal structure of Nagorno-Karabakh, presenting an analysis of its constitution as well as electoral and party systems. Furthermore, the issue of Nagorno-Karabakh identity will be explored. The conclusion of the thesis aims to evaluate the extent to which Nagorno-Karabakh is capable of acting autonomously. Key words Nagorno Karabakh, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Nagorno Karabakh conflict, Quasi-State, South Caucasus, Armenian Foreign Policy
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Instruments for international organizations to compel their member states. An example of the conflict in Nagorno Karabakh.
Klepš, Václav ; Ondřej, Jan (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee)
in English The object of this diploma thesis is to answer the question, how can international organizations (UN, Council of Europe and OSCE) effectively regulate conflicts among their member states, or which instruments are they for this purpose equipped with. The thesis is divided into three main parts - theoretical study, part dedicated to the individual international organizations and the case study. The first part offers a definition of basic legal concepts, as they will be used in the following parts of the study with an emphasis on the definition of the concept "coercion". The following part deals with the instruments of coercion the international organizations are equipped with. In the third part are the findings from the previous parts confronted with a real case of the effort to regulate the conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia in Nagorno Karabakh. This structure of the thesis can be also described as a progress from a theoretic basis, through an applied theory contained in particular agreements, to their practical realization in the concrete case. Based on the completed study the author concludes that unilateral instruments of coercion, that the particular organizations have at their disposal, are often not appropriate (exclusion from organization), ineffective (political declaration)...
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Armenian-Russian relations since 1991: economic and political aspects
Hakobyan, Mari ; Nechvátal, Martin (advisor) ; Novotná, Yvona (referee)
The goal is a comprehensive analysis of the status and prospects of Armenian-Russian relations. To realize this specialities have been defined the following tasks: to find the specifics of the Armenian-Russian economic and political relations in post-Soviet period, identify the parameters of cooperation between Moscow and Yerevan in the current geopolitical situation in the South Caucasus and Nagorno-Karabakh, and also to deal with the role of diasporas in consolidating the strategic partnership between Russia and Armenia.
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