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Global and Local Initiatives: Advantages of "the Global" in Development Education Programmes
Šuráňová, Dorota ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
International development aid is one of the main elements of international relations and politics. It has taken place since the 1950's through great international organisations and institutions. Nevertheless, the international approach towards development has been considerably criticized. Critics have pointed out the generality of methods of development and the "one size fits all" paradigm. These programmes did not reflect and adapt enough to the conditions of specific areas, and preferred centralised approaches. At the same time a range of regional and local development initiatives has emerged. Despite the great success of local forms of aid, the international aid is still widely in demand and not decreasing. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate the advantages of international presence in developing education programmes, with the following research question: What benefits do international organisations or institutions bring to national education programmes? Based on participatory observation of education systems in the Philippines and Myanmar, the thesis assesses the main advantages of international development programmes and the benefits for their participants. On the example of two international non-governmental organisations, namely Asia South Pacific Association for Basic and Adult...
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Political Reforms in Myanmar and Their Potential Impact on the Rivalry between the United States and China
Šoulavá, Blanka ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The series of political reforms in Myanmar, which started in November 2010, took place amid a strong alignment of interests among all regional powers in Southeast Asia. The reforms led to a limited democratization of the country and ended a long- lasting international isolation of Myanmar. Furthermore, they also had a great impact on Myanmar's foreign policy, because they gave rise to a great improvement of US- Myanmar relations, as well as its bilateral relations with India and Japan. However, they also caused problems for the Chinese strategic interests in the country. The purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: is the recent development in Myanmar going to lead to further cooperation or competition between the key regional powers? Myanmar has a great strategic importance in the context of the US's policy Pivot to Asia and Chinese strategic interests. Given to its abundance of natural resources and underdevelopment of infrastructure, it also has a great potential to develop into an energy and transportation hub, uniting the Indian subcontinent and connecting underdeveloped regions. Yet, the country suffers from mismanagement, internal conflicts and grave socioeconomic situation. Therefore, the internal political instability has large implications for the key regional powers and...
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The European Union as a Foreign Policy Actor on the Sanctions Scene: The Case of Burma
Růžičková, Jana ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hyniová, Andrea (referee)
In connection with its foreign policy, the European Union was until 2003 often seen as an actor lacking basically any "hard" power and it was often labeled as a "normative" power, "civilian" power etc. However, a group of scholars led by Ian Manners has been claiming that in connection with the adoption of the European Security Strategy in December 2003 the EU has lost its "soft" characteristics and has moved closer towards a traditional military actor. The master thesis deals with this issue of the alleged militarization of the Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) after 2003/2004 while focusing on one particular area of the CFSP - the policy of restrictive measures or sanctions. This area is unique because of its special characteristic: on one hand, sanctions as such represent a "hard", coercive foreign policy tool and on the other, the EU has been autonomously using them already since the 1980s. The question therefore is what the frequent use of sanctions implies about the character of the EU and whether does the policy of restrictive measures stand, as a matter of principle, in opposition to being a "soft" power. By means of discourse analysis of the official EU sanction documents and by using the case of Burma (which represents a "typical case"), the thesis attempts to demonstrate,...
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Vodní stopa
Vykoukalová, Klára
This bachelor thesis analysis current state of water sources and its use, water footprint and its types and calculations and also issues of water scarcity in the world. In the next chapter is analyzed current state of water sources, its use and water footprint in Myanmar and Democratic republic of the Congo.
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Subregional Cooperation in the Mekong River Basin: Program GMS
Součková, Lucie ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Musiyenko, Svitlana (referee)
The main focus of this bachelor thesis is the cooperation between the subregions of Southeast Asian countries situated on the river Mekong. The objective of the resesarch is to display subregional cooperation in this particular area and its impact on the development of these areas. Effectivity of subregional cooperation in this part of Southeast Asia has been discovered within the case study aimed to the program of the Asian Development Bank named Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). From the analysis of the indicators which are maping not only the econommical status but also standard of living conditions the big improvement has been made within last 20 years. Rising integration in the subregion leads to improvement of the infrastructure and effectivity of manufacturing processes which led to engagement of these countries on world markets and the intensity of intraregional trade growth. Opening the borders for easier movement of the goods, capital and people has its downs for instance the increase of criminality around the border areas. However, the criticism of subregional cooperation which compares them to confusing mixture of initiatives in the case of GMS program, the form of cooperation seems to be effective for several reasons: its based on cooperatiom on the local level which leds to bigger consequences towards the general standards of living, cooperation is mainly managed by the market and therefore is not so demanding for institutionslization and involvement of the government which is mainly beneficial for countries with weaker government sector.
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Modeling Myanmar
Cincibuch, M. ; Kejak, Michal ; Vávra, D. ; Auda, O. ; Aslanyan, Gurgen ; Baksa, D. ; Bečičková, Hana ; Daniš, P. ; Hřebíček, Hynek ; Janjgava, Batlome ; Kacer, R. ; Kameník, O. ; Konopecký, F. ; Lukáč, J. ; Mirzoyan, Armen ; Motl, Tomáš ; Musil, K. ; Plotnikov, S. ; Remo, A. ; Szilágyi, K. ; Vlček, J.
The report has two chapters. Chapter 1 describes the structural model which lies at heart of the FPAS. It summarizes the main features of the Myanmar economy relevant for building the structural model and describes in detail the most distinctive parts of the model. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the model properties and an interpretation of past economic developments in Myanmar through the optic of the model. Chapter 2 evaluates how the FPAS performs empirically. The forecasting power is assessed by in-sample comparison with the standard random-walk benchmark. We conclude that the FPAS performs satisfactorily in this comparison.
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Prospects and limits of multilateral sanction instruments: Case study Burma
Buřič, Lukáš ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Druláková, Radka (referee)
In the arsenal of instruments currently used by numerous states in effort to transform the dictatorial regime in Burma and bring the people of this state fundamental rights and at least an essence of democracy, one of the inherent instruments of foreign policy and a weapon, which is considered to be a compromise between diplomacy and military power occupies an important position - the international sanctions. The effectiveness of this instrument, however, is by far not definite and the conduction of the many times costly sanction policy does not always meet desired results. The thesis comprises theoretical approaches towards international sanctions which are then put into conjunction with the policies of the USA and China as the representatives of two antagonistic positions in relation to Burma. The thesis evaluates hitherto results of sanctions and offers the response to the question whether sanctions against Burma can bring about positive changes and under which circumstances.
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Myanmar in EU - ASEAN Relations
Slavíková, Kamila ; Knotková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (referee)
Interregionalism is a globally present phenomenon, yet it has been attracting considerable attention of scholars only since recently. There is no single interpretation of interregionalism and different functions are attributed to it by different theories on international relations. Constructivists highlight its potential to form and influence the collective identities of regions taking part in a particular interregional dialogue. This thesis aspires to answer the question as to whether a constructivist approach is applicable in the case of EU -- ASEAN dialogue on the human rights issue. The human rights issue is here represented by Myanmar.
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The political and economic situation in Myanmar
Zelená, Gabriela ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Horák, Jiří (referee)
The goal of the work is to describe the development and current political and economic situation in Myanmar, the influence that has the policy of military junta in economic area and foreign relations. The work raises as well the question of how the military government maintained power at the expense of violations of fundamental human freedoms. The first chapter deals briefly with the general characteristics of the country. The second chapter is devoted to a detailed internal political development since the declaration of independence to the present and the related issue of human rights violations. The third chapter analyzes the economic situation at the beginning of the 21st century. The fourth chapter describes foreign relations of the country with the rest of the world.
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