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Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in the study of the properties of colloidal systems
Marková, Kateřina ; Lehocký, Marián (referee) ; Kapusta, Peter (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
Because of their properties, hydrogels are a highly sought-after matrix for medical purposes. These properties are often conditioned by the structure, therefore the emphasis is put on a precisely defined polymer network. In the presented dissertation, different types of hydrogels were researched using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) in conjunction with microrheology. The combination of aforementioned methods is rarely used when determining the properties of hydrogels, and therefore, the method had to be standardized and optimized. For these purposes, fluorescently labeled silicate nanoparticles with a neutral surface charge were selected. In the course of the method optimization, the limits of the device were discovered within which the measured diffusion coefficients could still be considered valid. Furthermore, we have determined the parameters that affect the MSD curve and thus also the correctness of the actual measured data. An aqueous solution of agarose was chosen as a model colloidal system, as it ranges from a viscoelastic liquid to a solid hydrogel depending on the concentration. On this colloidal system, the diffusion properties of the nanoparticles used were tested as well as the structural properties of the system itself. Limit concentrations were found when the diffusion coefficient could no longer be detected using the selected method. The limit was successfully partially extended by adjusting the correlation time, however, the dispersion of the diffusion coefficient values was very high in such case. The values measured in this way were compared with the calibration-free method of bifocal fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (2f–FCS). Furthermore, changes in the diffusion coefficient were determined depending on the type of sample preparation. Alongside these experiments, image analysis was also performed, which provided interesting results in conjunction with FCS. The last experiment, which provided information about the properties of both the embedded nanoparticles and the polymer system, consisted of washing out of the particles from the hydrogel structure. The maximum entropy method with an analysis using log-normal distribution of diffusion coefficients was selected as the last and the most advanced polymer network analysis of the, which defined the system in a new and an alternative way. The results obtained using these advanced analyses were similar to the data calculated using the mathematical model of anomalous diffusion. The description of properties using rheological modules was a completely new approach. The properties were obtained using a series of conversions from the measured autocorrelation curve. Therefore, a rheological module obtained from microrheological data was the output of the approach. The shape of the curve is comparable to classical (macro)rheology, but the numerical values are lower by an entire order of magnitude. The smallest particles in the entire concentration range behaved as if they were in a purely viscous environment while the largest particles defined the behavior of the system depending on the concentration from very viscous to viscoelastic. The last type of measurement was the study of hyaluronan using selected nanoparticles and its fluorescently labeled analogue. All the methods that were used in the study of agarose hydrogel were applied to the viscoelastic system of hyaluronan to verify their applicability.
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Mitosis
Ducháček, Ladislav ; Moješčík, David (referee) ; Gabriel, Michal (advisor)
Mitosis diploma work is figurative sculpture created by duplication statues. These duplicates to form pairs at each mitotic bind. Couples are composed into complex system, and thus form a spherical object. Against the background of this work is to introduce perspective on the human population and its culture as an independent organic whole.
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"Lost Ideas of Middle Age and Lify Cycle of Idea in Middle Age"
Koutský, Karel ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Pinc, Zdeněk (referee) ; Janko, Jan (referee)
1 ABSTRACT This work consists of two parts. The first one, "Lost Ideas of Middle Age" has a character of an auxiliary study and does not hold any particular scientific ambitions. It serves as a reservoir for monitored case out of history of science in its widest meaning. Good deal of attention is dedicated to so called blind alleys of science, too (therefore "Lost Ideas"), as they are considered an important source. This wide scope was necessary due to the task of the second part of the work, i.e. tracking and identification of evolutionary processes of ideas/"memes" in medieval natural philosophy. Even those ideas, that do not directly share on "pedigree" of thesis claimed by modern science, were subject to evolution and in effect, even their death or degeneration should be of an interest. Another reason for chosen wide scope was a question of proper context. Medieval philosophers were interested in general questions and any particular problematic they were interested in was related to the "big picture". Medieval universe felt a bit like a living organism where every single part played its specific role in supporting harmony of the whole - in contrast to modern science which disintegrates into number of ever more specialised branches with increasing tendency to lose ability to communicate among themselves....
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The viral potential of internet memes
Limanovský, Adam ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Švelch, Jaroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of Internet memes. The theory of memes came from the evolutionary biologist R. Dawkins in the late 1970s, as a cultural analogy of genes. Decades later, the term "meme" began to appear in Internet culture in conjuction with Internet jokes. This thesis works with the concepts of meme, virality, spreadable media and media convegence. All of these terms define the current Internet environment. The diploma thesis is based mainly on books by L. Shifman: Memes in Digital Culture, H. Jenkins: Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide and Spreadable Media: Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture (co-authored) and K. Nahon and J. Hemsley: Going Viral. This diploma thesis deals with the definition of the term meme and its differentiation from the term virality, because for the average Internet user, these two terms are synonymous. The thesis describes meme genres, phases of the creation of Internet memes, which arise mainly from spreadble media and on the basis of which principles are memes created and what factors contribute to their spread in cyberspace. The analytical part consists of a contextual analysis of selected Internet memes, which demonstrates how digital manipulation changes the context of memes in which the meme can be used and how this...
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Internet memes in president elections
Khan, Jakub ; Máchová, Eva (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This Bachelor thesis Internet memes in presidential elections deals with political internet memes in the USA in the period before the presidential elections in 2016. The thesis is divided into two main parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, memetics as academic discipline, is examined and the definitions of internet memes are listed. Next there are described related aspects of internet memes, like categorization, channels of spreading, reasons why internet memes are being spread and quality traits which make internet memes successful. The practical part tries to answer the question, which of the selected political internet memes are more successful, meaning which ones were more replicated and which quality traits have caused the success of them. For research purposes comparative analysis method was chosen.
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"Lost Ideas of Middle Age and Lify Cycle of Idea in Middle Age"
Koutský, Karel ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Pinc, Zdeněk (referee) ; Janko, Jan (referee)
1 ABSTRACT This work consists of two parts. The first one, "Lost Ideas of Middle Age" has a character of an auxiliary study and does not hold any particular scientific ambitions. It serves as a reservoir for monitored case out of history of science in its widest meaning. Good deal of attention is dedicated to so called blind alleys of science, too (therefore "Lost Ideas"), as they are considered an important source. This wide scope was necessary due to the task of the second part of the work, i.e. tracking and identification of evolutionary processes of ideas/"memes" in medieval natural philosophy. Even those ideas, that do not directly share on "pedigree" of thesis claimed by modern science, were subject to evolution and in effect, even their death or degeneration should be of an interest. Another reason for chosen wide scope was a question of proper context. Medieval philosophers were interested in general questions and any particular problematic they were interested in was related to the "big picture". Medieval universe felt a bit like a living organism where every single part played its specific role in supporting harmony of the whole - in contrast to modern science which disintegrates into number of ever more specialised branches with increasing tendency to lose ability to communicate among themselves....
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