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The effect of stress on regulation and regeneration of glucocorticoids in animal models differing in response of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis
Vodička, Martin ; Pácha, Jiří (advisor) ; Svoboda, Jan (referee) ; Bendová, Zdeňka (referee)
Stress reaction is usually activated by the brain, when homeostasis is or perceived to be threatened. The stress signals are transmitted from the brain by two main branches; the sympathoadrenomedullary and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axes and employ neural, humoral and immune pathways to cope with the stressor. Because of its potency, the stress reaction has to be precisely regulated. The HPA axis is regulated by feedback loops where its end product, corticosterone in laboratory rat and mouse, inhibits its activity. The effect of corticosterone does not depend only on the concentration of corticosterone but also on local metabolism of glucocorticoids via oxo-reduction catalyzed by the enzyme 11β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (encoded by the Hsd11b1 gene), which intracellularly regenerates active corticosterone from inactive 11-dehydrocorticosterone, or by extra-adrenal de novo steroidogenesis of glucocorticoids. We focused on analysis of stress response in experimental animals differing in HPA axis responsivity (Fischer 344 rats (F344) vs. Lewis rats (LEW) and germ-free (GF) vs. specific pathogen free mice (SPF)) with special emphasis on regulation of stress response, glucocorticoid regeneration and influence of gut microbiota. We found that stress modulated local regeneration of...
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Theological anthropology in the worlds of J. R. R. Tolkien, C. S. Lewis and George Lucas
Michálek, Ondřej ; Outrata, Filip (advisor) ; Hošek, Pavel (referee)
In this work I explore the subject of theological motives in the worlds of John Ronald Reuel Tolkien - Middle-earth, Clive Staples Lewis - Narnia and George Lucas - Star Wars. In the world of the Middle-earth, it will be the whole canon, which contains stories from the Middle- earth focusing on The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit. I will use all seven books from the world of Narnia. In George Lucas's world, I'm mainly using the so-called G-canon. If there's a topic that's not covered by this canon, I'll look into the so-called T-canon, or the C-canon. I will compare the different theological questions in the approaches of an author influenced by Anglicism, Catholicism and Methodism with Buddhism. The most important questions for me will be creation, sin, grace, hope, forgiveness and redemption. For each topic, I compare the approaches and compare them to the biblical narrative. The aim of the work is if and howt extent these stories reflect a biblical view of man and of history.
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From the Woods of Raasay to Glasgow Streets: Poetry of Place in the Works of Sorley MacLean and Derick Thomson
Poncarová, Petra Johana ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Markus, Radvan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the poetry of place in the works of the two most important figures of modern Scottish Gaelic verse: Sorley MacLean (Somhairle MacGill-Eain, 1911-1996) and Derick Thomson (Ruaraidh MacThòmais, 1921-2012). Both poets exhibited a keen interest in poetry of place, although each one approached it from a very different angle: MacLean's poetry is proudly local and audaciously universal at the same time, moving from the Cuillin of Skye to Spain and Russia in the space of one stanza, while Thomson inquires in the ways in which the island environment, in terms of nature, language and religion, shapes the individual psyche, memory and creative abilities, and he is also a significant poet of the city. The opening chapter gives reasons for the choice of these two authors, introduces the structure and method of the thesis, and outlines what is meant by "poetry of place." It also sums up different theoretical approaches to places and discusses important features of Scottish Gaelic poetry of place of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as both poets employed, altered and contradicted certain traditional patterns and motifs. The second chapter provides a context for the subsequent discussion by explaining the basic facts about the linguistic, social and cultural conditions of Gaelic...
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