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Jewellery as a gift: sales talk as a tool of ethnographic analysis of gift-giving
Tomoryová, Veronika ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Sosna, Daniel (referee)
This thesis is based on research conducted in a luxury jewellery store in Prague, Czech Republic. Based on the conversations which take place between salespeople and customers when selecting gifts, it analyses the culture of gifting luxury material items in fulfilment of traditional social obligations such as the celebration of birthdays, Christmas or anniversaries. The thesis also examines to how luxury is conceived in the store, where employees' service and the company's marketing use the attributes of gift-giving to sell commodities. Specific examples demonstrate how commodities take on the properties of a gift in an effort to make the commodity exchange more personal and thus more profitable. In the jewellery store, a hybridization of the gift and the commodity takes place, actively created by the salespeople and the marketing of the manufacturer, but also by the customers themselves. Examples of conversations during gift selection provide insight into the social, economic and personal dimensions of gift-giving, as well as the typology of the nature of the gift, the occasion for the gift-giving and the relationship between donor and recipient. Keywords gift economy, gift, commodity, consumer research, marketing
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Noise and artifact suppression in fMRI data based on multi-echo data and independent component analysis
Pospíšil, Jan ; Gajdoš, Martin (referee) ; Mikl, Michal (advisor)
The main task of this work is to design an algorithm for suppressing unwanted noise and artifacts in fMRI data using the analysis of independent components and multi-echo data. The theoretical part deals with the basic principles of magnetic resonance, including construction and image data processing. The practical part presents a pilot design of a method inspired by a professional publication in the Matlab software environment, where this design is subsequently tested on real fMRI data provided by the Laboratory of Multimodal and Functional Imaging, CEITEC MU.
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Visualization and export outputs from functional magnetic resonance imaging
Přibyl, Jakub ; Gajdoš, Martin (referee) ; Slavíček, Tomáš (advisor)
Thesis discusses the principles and methodology for measuring functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), basically the origin and use of BOLD signal types used experiments. Further attention is paid fMRI data processing and statistical analysis. Subsequent chapters are devoted to a brief description of the most common software tools used to analyze data from fMRI. The main section was to create a program in MATLAB with a detailed graphic user interface for easy visualization and export output from analyzes of fMRI data. The second half is devoted to describing the program developer and graphic user interface, including key functionality. The final section describes the application program with real data from clinical studies of dynamic connectivity and use in an international project APGem.
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Financing of investment project in Hostěnice
Pospíchalová, Barbora ; Kocourková, Gabriela (referee) ; Vaňková, Lucie (advisor)
In this bachelor theises matters of investment funding Hostěnice village are discussed. Public investment, public sector and public admnistration are defined in the theoretical part. There are characteristics of village and the individual elements connected to municipal budget there. The practical part describes the financing of project called "Completion of the Pastviska sports complex" and other possible alternatives to project finnancing are proposed.
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Absence
Machač, Petr ; Marenčík, Michal (referee) ; Zet, Martin (advisor)
Video Absence reflects the findings of theoretical thesis named Boredom. The basic situation is described as lack of meaning, will, interest and feeling. Video is an attempt at poetic reflection of such situation, which is characterised as aimless searching without finding. The main tools are empty hands and different kinds of ground. The void has been overcome through the gesture related to problem of gift.
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A comparison of effective and functional connectivity methods in fMRI
Gajdoš, Martin ; Schwarz, Daniel (referee) ; Jan, Jiří (advisor)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is recent important method, used in neuroimaging. The aim of this thesis is to develop software tool for comparison of two methods for functional and effective connectivity estimation. In this thesis are described the basics of magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI, basic terms of fMRI experiments and generally are described methods of functional and effective connectivity. Then are more detailed mentioned methods of dynamic causal modeling (DCM), Granger causal modeling (GCM) and independent component analysis (ICA). Practical implementation of DCM in toolbox SMP and ICA in toolbox GIFT is also mentioned. In purpose to describe behavior of DCM and GCM in dependence on several parameters are performed Monte Carlo simulations. Then the concept and realization of software tool for simulating connectivity and comparison of DCM and GCM are described. Finally results of DCM and GCM comparison and results of Monte Carlo simulations are discussed.
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Simultanneous EEG-FMRI Data Fusion with Generalized Spectral Patterns
Labounek, René ; Havlíček, Martin (referee) ; Hlinka, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jan, Jiří (advisor)
Mnoho rozdílných strategií fúze bylo vyvinuto během posledních 15 let výzkumu simultánního EEG-fMRI. Aktuální dizertační práce shrnuje aktuální současný stav v oblasti výzkumu fúze simultánních EEG-fMRI dat a pokládá si za cíl vylepšit vizualizaci úkolem evokovaných mozkových sítí slepou analýzou přímo z nasnímaných dat. Dva rozdílné modely, které by to měly vylepšit, byly navrhnuty v předložené práci (tj. zobecněný spektrální heuristický model a zobecněný prostorovo-frekvenční heuristický model). Zobecněný frekvenční heuristický model využívá fluktuace relativního EEG výkonu v určitých frekvenčních pásmech zprůměrovaných přes elektrody zájmu a srovnává je se zpožděnými fluktuacemi BOLD signálů pomocí obecného lineárního modelu. Získané výsledky ukazují, že model zobrazuje několik na frekvenci závislých rozdílných úkolem evokovaných EEG-fMRI sítí. Model překonává přístup fluktuací absolutního EEG výkonu i klasický (povodní) heuristický přístup. Absolutní výkon vizualizoval s úkolem nesouvisející širokospektrální EEG-fMRI komponentu a klasický heuristický přístup nebyl senzitivní k vizualizaci s úkolem spřažené vizuální sítě, která byla pozorována pro relativní pásmo pro data vizuálního oddball experimentu. Pro EEG-fMRI data s úkolem sémantického rozhodování, frekvenční závislost nebyla ve finálních výsledcích tak evidentní, neboť všechna pásma zobrazily vizuální síť a nezobrazily aktivace v řečových centrech. Tyto výsledky byly pravděpodobně poškozeny artefaktem mrkání v EEG datech. Koeficienty vzájemné informace mezi rozdílnými EEG-fMRI statistickými parametrickými mapami ukázaly, že podobnosti napříč různými frekvenčními pásmy jsou obdobné napříč různými úkoly (tj. vizuální oddball a sémantické rozhodování). Navíc, koeficienty prokázaly, že průměrování napříč různými elektrodami zájmu nepřináší žádnou novou informaci do společné analýzy, tj. signál na jednom svodu je velmi rozmazaný signál z celého skalpu. Z těchto důvodů začalo být třeba lépe zakomponovat informace ze svodů do EEG-fMRI analýzy, a proto jsme navrhli více obecný prostorovo-frekvenční heuristický model a také jak ho odhadnout za pomoci prostorovo-frekvenční skupinové analýzy nezávislých komponent relativního výkonu EEG spektra. Získané výsledky ukazují, že prostorovo-frekvenční heuristický model vizualizuje statisticky nejvíce signifikantní s úkolem spřažené mozkové sítě (srovnáno s výsledky prostorovo-frekvenčních vzorů absolutního výkonu a s výsledky zobecněného frekvenčního heuristického modelu). Prostorovo-frekvenční heuristický model byl jediný, který zaznamenal s úkolem spřažené aktivace v řečových centrech na datech sémantického rozhodování. Mimo fúzi prostorovo-frekvenčních vzorů s fMRI daty, jsme testovali stabilitu odhadů prostorovo-frekvenčních vzorů napříč různými paradigmaty (tj. vizuální oddball, semantické rozhodování a resting-state) za pomoci k-means shlukovacího algoritmu. Dostali jsme 14 stabilních vzorů pro absolutní EEG výkon a 12 stabilních vzorů pro relativní EEG výkon. Ačkoliv 10 z těchto vzorů vypadají podobně napříč výkonovými typy, prostorovo-frekvenční vzory relativního výkonu (tj. vzory prostorovo-frekvenčního heuristického modelu) mají vyšší evidenci k úkolům.
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Life After the Bin: Used clothing between gift, commodity, raw material and waste
Sedláčková, Markéta ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Zandlová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis explores different lives of used clothing donated into charity clothing bins. Multi-sited ethnographic research makes visible the diverse lives of the collected material that vary substantially depending on the type of organization and the scale of their work, ranging from small non-profit organizations to large-scale recycling companies. The key practice is sorting which separates heterogeneous materiality into specific categories and transforms discards into gifts, commodities, materials for recycling or waste. However, these categories are far from being fixed or clear-cut, rather the value of the collected postconsumer material is continually being negotiated and is shifting dependent on the context. Key words: second hand clothing, waste, materiality, bin, recycling, value, sorting, gift, commodity
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The gift of faith and the Abrahamic story (Gn 22:1-19)
Knirsch, Vojtěch ; Baštecká, Bohumila (advisor) ; Jandejsek, Petr (referee)
The work The Gift of Faith and the Abrahamic Story (Gn 22:1-19) uses autoethnographic qualitative methodology to fulfill several goals: to understand the gift in the context of faith, to understand the concept of "gift of faith", to connect different concepts of the gift in the Abrahamic story of the sacrifice/binding of Isaac, to be able to explain to an unbeliever that faith is a gift. Practical examples of giving from the contexts of charity, humanitarian and development aid were linked with theological inspirations from the Abrahamic story. The work brings inspiring findings for the theory and practice of diaconics: People are completely embedded in chains and networks of mutual (mutual) giving, donor and recipient are only situationally changing roles, the primary donor is God. A gift is associated with a sacrifice, it binds, it creates a debt. A gift must be responded to, for example, with gratitude, reciprocity or, in the context of participation, with participation, mutuality. The recipient receives the gift as ownership, which in the case of the gifts of the Spirit is more like stewardship. A gift is problematic when it is expressed in circulation (money). Sometimes it is necessary to give a gift "despite!", that the recipient will not accept the gift, for example. And sometimes the giver...
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Christ's Sacrifice: a Paradigm of Life as the True Worship
Sluková, Jana ; Ryšková, Mireia (advisor) ; Matějec, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the work is to present Christ's sacrifice as an example and model for the Christian life on the basis of the study of biblical texts. The thesis is divided into chapters, the first of which discusses what a sacrifice is, what it is for, what its character may be, and how worship in the Old and New Testaments is related to the offering of sacrifice. The second chapter focuses on Old Testament sacrifices, the development of sacrificial rites, the handling of sacrificial gifts, and explains the meaning of sacrifices offered to God in the Old Testament. The third chapter gives attention to the prefigurations of Christ's sacrifice in the Old Testament, and the fourth deals in detail with Jesus' sacrifice, which begins with his incarnation and culminates in his death on the cross. The fifth chapter looks to the New Testament letters and psalms for concrete ways to follow Jesus in daily life. Christ is the pattern and image after which man was created. He took on human flesh to serve people and to show them in himself what a life focused on the good of others looks like. The Christian is called to follow Christ and has a chance to do so the more deeply he understands the meaning of his sacrifice. This is what the work seeks to contribute to.
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