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Construction of gender identities in sports: Comparative study of yoga and MMA
Hoza, Matyáš ; Országhová, Kristína (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
In my work, I am researching strategies of gender identity construction in MMA and yoga. In the first part of work, the matter of masculinity construction, within the boundaries of yoga, is discussed. The most interesting concept shown is "second sport". In this concept masculine actors demean yoga as a sport and associate it with passivity. Strategies of construction are also researched with female fighters in MMA environment. In MMA the main concepts are fragile sex and intimacy. Female fighters show signs of refusal of violence. The creation of femininity and masculinity is then compared. The comparison is quite tricky, as the conditions are not the same for both genders. Masculine actors in yoga have no desire in practices of feminine gender, whereas female fighters need to practice femininity and masculinity. Even so, some correlations can be observed, for example the expression of gender through heteronormativity. In the second part of the work there are identified four models of masculinity, through which I am watching the evolution of manliness in martial arts sports. Masculinity models are working with the sense of dominance and aggression. For the creation of data, semi structured interviews and participant observation, were used.
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Research of the Heartstopper perceived influence of LGBTQ+ community
Vlašicová, Dagmar ; Kruml, Milan (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
The British series Heartstopper was first available online on the Netflix platform on april 22, 2022, although the graphic novel that became the basis for the series was first published in 2019. It is now one of the most successful series produced by Netflix, also on the social network TikTok the #heartstopper hashtag reached trillions of views. The third television part and the fifth part of the graphic novel are currently being prepared. In this work, I want to focus on the series, and specifically how viewers of the LGBTQ+ community perceive the series. The main goal will be to find out if the series in any way affects their lives and the concept of relationships and if it had an effect on their attitudes towards the majority society judging the LGBTQ+ minority and other stuff. For this finding, I will use qualitative analysis and a form of in-depth interviews with viewers of the series who identify as queer. The main areas that I would like to focus on are a) the relationship of the viewer to individualism, b) the relationship to the LGBTQ+ community, c) the perception of oneself as queer in the majority society.
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Body shaming in sports in the Czech Republic
Šafářová, Adéla ; Numerato, Dino (advisor) ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of body shaming in the top sports environment in the Czech Republic and its impact on sportsmen and sportswomen. The aim of this thesis is to find out through qualitative research the personal experiences of sportsmen and sportswomen with negative comments about their physical appearance and whether these experiences differ depending on their gender identity. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the basic concepts related to the issue, such as the body, shame and the ideal of beauty, which are applied in the analytical part to the data collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with male and female respondents who are or have been involved in the Czech elite sport. The analytical part reveals the main actors of body shaming, which contribute to the different perceptions of body shaming depending on gender identity. The main finding of this qualitative research is that men perceive this form of abuse as a motivating factor for getting better sporting results, while women view it very negatively and it affects not only their sporting careers but also their personal lives.
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The development of nonbinary gender identity from the perspective of social cognitive theory
Krovová, Anna ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Francová, Veronika (referee)
The thesis discusses the development of non-binary gender identity using the framework of social cognitive theory. The thesis has three objectives. Firstly, to understand what gender, gender identity and the binary concept of gender mean for non-binary people. Second, to identify which significant aspects enter into the development of non-binary gender identity and third, to explore how to view non-binary gender identity through the lens of social cognitive theory.The theoretical section focuses on gender socialization, gender and gender identity and the theoretical perspectives that address gender identity development. It then focuses on the development of non-binary gender identity and subfields. The empirical section presents the actual research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine non-binary individuals aged 18-25 years old thematically focused on their subjective experiences of gender identity development. The data were analysed through reflective thematic analysis. Subsequently, the themes of "Existing outside the box", "(In)visibility" and "Such a pet" were established. Based on the analysis, the research questions were answered. The thesis showed that non-binary persons perceive their difference already in childhood, although they do not know what this difference means until...
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A transgender pupil in the environment of czech elementary school
Menšíková, Denisa ; Richterová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Linková, Marie (referee)
The issue of gender identity is rapidly pervading the school environment. It is important that teachers continue in their efforts to provide a safe and respectful environment for all students, including those who are dealing with their gender identity or identify as transgender. Teachers and other school staff need sufficient information and support to fulfil the principle of a safe and respectful environment. This raises many questions about the rights and needs not only of the transgender individuals themselves, but also of other pupils, their parents and teachers, as it is important to recognise that the situation related to the issue of transgender is very challenging for those around the pupil who identifies as such. Firstly, the thesis presents a theoretical framework in which it defines the basic concepts related to transgender issues, describes the development of gender identity in children and adolescents, explains the process of gender reassignment in the Czech Republic and shows the results of current research, which shows that the situation for transgender pupils and students is not yet favourable in the school environment. Secondly, the thesis analyses the selected documents in terms of their content in order to find out and, if necessary, to investigate whether there is currently any...
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The role of civic and personal development education in the time of experimentation with personal and sexual identity
Honzáková, Lucie ; Syřiště, Ivo (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of sexual and gender identity of children and adolescents. It researches the education of children and adolescents with a different gender identity from a philosophical, psychological and sociological point of view and further the role of teachers, parents and society as a whole. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part contains chapters devoted to education and upbringing of children and adolescents with a different gender identity, new perspective on gender identity and the support of individual trans. The practical part focuses on a study that examines the attitude of teachers, parents and students towards transgender issues. he aim of the practical part is to map the level of respect for differences from the point of view of teachers, parents and pupils at one secondary vocational school in a district town in the Central Bohemian Region, and further map the views from abroad of three secondary vocational schools. The research is designed as a quantitative- qualitative questionnaire survey at one secondary vocational school and as semi-structured interviews with a teacher, parent and pupil. In order to find out views from abroad, uniform questions were sent by e-mail to three secondary vocational schools. The...
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LGBT+ students: What teachers think and do concerning to them
Kameníková, Denisa ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Frombergerová, Anna (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on exploring teachers' attitudes towards LGBT+ students and LGBT+ issues within schools. The theoretical section of the thesis establishes fundamental concepts and phenomena related to LGBT+ adolescents, as well as attitudes and prejudices towards LGBT+ students. The primary emphasis is on LGBT+ students and issues in the school environment. The objective of this study is to investigate the attitudes of secondary school teachers towards their LGBT+ students. For the research, a qualitative approach was employed, and data collection was carried out through individual semi-structured interviews, using pre- prepared question set. The interviews involved 5 female and 3 male respondents. The data gathered was then analyzed using thematic analysis, leading to the identification of 13 themes and 20 sub-themes. These findings are visually represented to enhance clarity and to demonstrate potential interrelationships among them. The results of this study eveal the complexity of teachers' attitudes, highlighting the diverse components that contribute to their perception of a singular subject. Furthermore, the research explores additional themes such as the inclusion of LGBT+ topics in the classroom, specific actions taken by teachers to support LGBT+ learners, and recommendations...
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The identity and social interactions of nonbinary adolescents
Divišová, Nikola ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Taušová, Jitka (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the identity, gender experience, and social interactions of young nonbinary people in the Czech Republic. The research aims to contribute to filling a gap in Czech scientific literature and to improve our understanding of nonbinary people's experiences, which is necessary for psychological practice with nonbinary clients. In relation to this aim, the thesis has three objectives. To understand the concept of gender and one's own gender identity among young nonbinary persons in the Czech Republic. To explore what factors play a role in the choice of a label for one's gender identity and how nonbinary persons think about different identities. As for our final goal, we set out to explore the effects of choosing a specific label on social interactions. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on identity, nonbinary gender, language, and the social experiences of nonbinary people. As part of the empirical part, we conducted eleven interviews with non-binary people aged 18-23, which were then analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. This resulted in four themes: "I exist the way I want," "To make it easier," "It's an option," and "Relationship with masculinity and femininity." Based on our analysis, the research questions were then answered. The thesis showed that...
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International legal protection of refugees persecuted for reasons of sexual orientation and gender identity
Bedaňová, Jana ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
International Legal Protection of Refugees Persecuted for Reasons of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity: A Critique of the Human Rights Approach Abstract This thesis examines the human rights approach to the interpretation of the definition of refugee by using the example of persons persecuted on the grounds of sexual orientation and/or gender identity (SOGI). The thesis focuses primarily on the European area and how a human rights approach to the interpretation of 'persecution' may be relevant to the practice of European Union states specifically in relation to SOGI refugees. The first part outlines the context of persecution of persons fors reasons of their SOGI. It examines the criteria by which SOGI is, and potentially can be, subsumed under the relevant grounds of persecution for refugee status. The second part outlines the different approaches to interpreting the concept of persecution and elaborates more on the so-called 'circumstantial' approach embodied by UNHCR. The third part is devoted to elucidating the doctrine of the human rights approach pioneered by James Hathaway and his book The Law of Refugee Status. The fourth part examines the approach of human rights monitoring mechanisms to failed asylum seekers fearing persecution on the grounds of SOGI. It analyses the decisions of the...
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Wearing Gender: Men's Take on Fashion
Hrušková, Zita ; Hrešanová, Ema (advisor) ; Benešovská, Barbora (referee)
The presented work deals with the male perspective on fashion and dressing. Clothing works with various means of communication, which are used with greater or lesser awareness of the individual. The main aim of this work is to find out how this communication is formed. In other words, it is a study of what goes into men's thinking and decision-making when it comes to clothing and what role their gender expression plays in this process. The work first presents several theoretical concepts that are inevitably connected with this topic. It is further enriched by qualitative research, which presents the mentioned topics in Czech context through 11 interviews with men of two age categories. Subsequent findings are approached through the lens of the grounded theory method. The key decision-making element turned out to be the everyday experience, which is manifested in the events in which men participate on a given day. An important aspect in men's lives are also external influences, which can come from a personal level, mainly represented by their life partners, or from a community level, exemplified by interests and leisure activities. These two main influential sources are covered by the overall social context, which sets general rules about what is appropriate or expected. In the case of the...
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