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Teachers' attitudes towards the use of the name Czechia
Lambert, Filip ; Jelen, Jakub (advisor) ; Chromý, Pavel (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the attitudes of teachers at primary and secondary schools, whether they know the difference between a geographical and a political name. The main goal of the work is to find out if teachers use the geographical names Czechia / Czechia in teaching, or for what reasons they prefer the political name, and if these reasons are relevant. The work also deals with the historical context of names over the last hundred years with an insight into the beginnings of the use of geographical names. The work primarily examines current events in the media and on the political scene. The research was conducted with the help of a questionnaire survey, to which 124 respondents responded. It was found that the majority of geography teachers use geographical names in their teaching, while the results were more balanced for teachers of other qualifications. Furthermore, it was found that respondents rejecting short names do not have any relevant reasons for not using them, but limit themselves to the dichotomy of subjective feelings, whether they like the name or not.
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Tomb of a known soldier. De-anonymization of war memorials and mass graves as a modernization process
Kessler, Vojtěch ; Michlová, M. ; Šrámek, J.
This article focuses on perceiving the anonymity of fallen soldiers in the mid-19th century war memorials in Bohemia. The researchers working in Central Europe can draw surprisingly different conclusions than Anglo-American works. This article compensates for this lack of research. The anonymity of war memorials in the Czech lands almost disappeared during the first half of the 19th century. We are looking for an explanation in the four main changes that took place at that time. Firstly, fundamental changes in society, secondly, evolving aesthetics reflected in war memorials, thirdly, a difference in the way of waging war, and finally, changings emotions towards the fallen, the homeland and family.
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Bohemia in the Merovingian age
Korený, Rastislav ; Košnar, Lubomír (advisor) ; Sláma, Jiří (referee) ; Varsik, Vladimír (referee)
Bohemia in the Merovingian age - end of the 5th - 6th century AD Rastislav Korený Mining Museum Příbram Abstract The following objectives have been pursued in the dissertation: 1. A new commented inventory of sites from the end of the 5th and 6th century (excluding coin finds) which should become a reliable basis for an analysis of the collected material. The last inventory of such kind was created by Bedřich Svoboda approximately sixty years ago, i.e. in the 1940-1950s, and it was not published until 1965. The need for a new revised inventory became apparent over the recent years. During the physical re-evaluation of earlier finds and related primary visual and textual documentation, which was carried out in the years 1996- 2013 (30 museum and non-museum collections, 4 separate archival collections and other information sources were revised), there was a striking discrepancy between the published data contained in the catalogue of the above mentioned monograph and reality. The excavations carried out after 1965 also, naturally, resulted in the expansion of the amount of available source material. 2. Because the material currently available from settlements was published by Ivana Pleinerová in 2007, the analysis of the collected data concentrated, in addition to the identification of chronologically more...
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The cult of St. Barbara in medieval Bohemia
Zelenková, Adéla ; Kubín, Petr (advisor) ; Doležalová, Eva (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the cult of Saint Barbara in medieval Bohemia. Saint Barbara is a legendary saint whose martyrdom is estimated to have occurred around 306. Saint Barbara was first venerated in the East. The cult was imported to Italy during the Byzantine occupation in the 6th century, from there was spread further north of the Alps. The cult experienced its greatest expansion in the West in the 14th century. The cult of Saint Barbara was spread in Bohemia in the 14th century and never achieved such popularity as cults of other saints (for example Saint Catherine). The popularity of the Saint Barbara cult in Bohemia has been reconstructed mainly on the basis of the frequency of dedications of churches, chapels and altars.
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The Earliest Graves in Saint Vitus Cathedral and Their Dating Issue
Vrána, David
During the years 1995–2018, inspection research was carried out for graves K1 and K2 discovered under the Saint Wenceslas Chapel floor in Saint Vitus Cathedral, on the site of the former rotunda with the same consecration. The results of radiocarbon dating of the human remains and the wooden structure, as well as other findings, indicate an origin in the 9th century, however, putative stratigraphic problems obstruct the acceptation of these results. A belief prevails that the graves were dug only after the rotunda’s erection, or rather after the building of the alleged later annex for the south apse that contains the grave of Saint Wenceslas. This opinion is based on the finding of masonry inside the apse that was detected under the later Gothic altar and that was interpreted as the remains of the demolished foundation of the rotunda nave. Based on the latest evaluation, it seems more likely that the relics under the Gothic altar are connected with the earliest stage of the altar and the foundation altar step (gradus altaris). Covering the dead in grave K1 with lime or mortar was also identified as a stratigraphic issue, nevertheless, it must have been done after the deceased was placed in the grave. Similarly, the findings of marlstone and mortar fragments in the corner of grave K1 during the archaeological inspection in 1995 provide no evidence that the grave was dug only after the erection of the rotunda because it is most likely only secondary contamination. The identification of the deceased persons remains uncertain, but morphology features and the blood group of the man in grave K1 suggest his affiliation with the House of Přemyslid. Based on current findings, the hypothesis of E. Vlček about the identification of the dead from grave K1 with Prince Bořivoj I (†890) cannot be ruled out, yet the buried woman in the neighbouring grave K2 indicates the need to search for another explication that only a new successfully conducted DNA analysis would confirm.
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Stone Statue of the Madonna with an Inscription – A Challenge Not Only for Epigraphers
Benešovská, Klára
Stone Statue of the Madonna with an Inscription – A Challenge Not Only for Epigraphers. The fragment of the stone Madonna with the Czech inscription „omylostywa” (Oh, Graceful), discovered in the town of Sázava and deposited in the local castle collections (originally a Benedictine monastery), was originally an enthroned Madonna connected to architecture. The drapery composition of the torzo and the inscription letter types enable one to date the statue from about 1400. The question arises of its placement: either in the accessible areas of the monastery or on a house or in a niche (chapel) located along the path leading to the monastery where it was always visible to the faithful who could pray there and venerate it. Furthermore, the hypothesis that indulgences would relate to the Madonna statue cannot be excluded.
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Tombstones and Epitaphs of Italians in the Czech Lands during 1500-1620
Chlíbec, Jan
Thus far, no attention with respect to nationality has been paid to tombstones and epitaphs of Italians who lived in the Czech lands during the Renaissance era and who were subsequently buried there. Nevertheless, it is an interesting segment of this specific type of sculpture, although rather from the perspective of cultural history and epigraphy than from the art history. The commissioners of these works largely adapted their taste to the established types of sepulchral monuments and epithaphs north of Alps. The convolute of these works is rather limited, thus far comprising of 11 works and only 4 of them are figural. Yet, sober inscription plates , decorated only with the coat of arms of the deceased person, prevail in the majority of sepulchral works of the researched convolute.Their austere artistic form can be explained by the influence of the Council of Trent´s ideology. The Prague synod in 1605 continued the refusal of pompous tombstones and had an unfavourable impact on the development of sepulchral sculpture.
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