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Forms of Clowning: Laughter as Intertextuality and Transgression
Benešová, Kateřina ; Kladný, Tomáš (advisor) ; Marcelli, Miroslav (referee)
Submitted thesis follows up clowning as phenomenon that can be approached in different ways and understood from different points of view. The perspective depends on a theoretical base and methodological tools, including a conceptual apparatus. Because the viewpoint of the phenomenon is the core of submitted theses, I have decided to use as a methodological tool discoursive analysis, particularly bakhtinian analysis. Theoretical background is provided by Mikhail Bakhtin's theories and concepts (dialogism, heteroglossia, speech genres) and Julia Kristeva's theory of intertextuality (that was inspired by bakhtinian thinking). One of key terms of this theses is the concept of transgression which relates to supposition that transgression is one of principal features of clowning. The theses submits confrontation of two different approaches to the phenomenon of clowning. First one is provided by structuralist model by Paul Bouissac. Bouissac describes clowning as an abstract system, relatively static and closed code, which is builded of stabilized signs. His conception presents clowning as a phenomenon firmly tied up with the circus structure. Although Bouissac defines transgression as a characteristic feature of clowning, from his point of view is this transgression limited by borders of circus. Crossing...
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Speech and Characters in Sir Walter Scott's Waverley and The Heart of Mid-Lothian
Krýsová, Anna ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Clark, Colin Steele (referee)
in English The following bachelor thesis is primarily an analysis of two works of Sir Walter Scott: Waverley and The Heart of Mid-Lothian in the light of the theory of Mikhail M. Bakhtin with a marginal consideration of the poetry of Robert Burns. The aim was to find out what is the nature of the use of direct speech in both novels and how does it help to promote the aim with which the books were written. The respective aims of both books affect the nature of the use of direct speech: because its aim is to portray the consequences of the Jacobite rebellion of 1745 in a positive light, Waverley is therefore to a large extent single-voiced. The Heart of Mid-Lothian is on the other hand mostly double-voiced because it is focused on showing all the different social groups of Edinburgh. The use of heteroglossia also allows the author to show a historically important event from many different perspectives and it enables to bridge the differences between regions, cultures, languages and different time periods. Such an approach also helps to overcome stereotypes and prejudices.
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The phenomen of madness in Don Quijote de la Mancha and its time
Ludvíková, Anna ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Zatlkajová, Katarína (referee)
(in English) Initially this Bachelor Degree Thesis studies the conception of the phenomenon of madness through different centuries. It analyses the ancient tradition of the medical aspect of this concept and it also elaborates in detail its symbolism in the so-called culture of folk humor. These dimensions, which evolved mostly in the Renaissance period, are explored due to its influence on meaning of madness in the masterpiece of Miguel de Cervantes The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha. Some other relevant pieces of art and literary works, which could have potential influence on the Cervantes' book, are also expounded. Finally, the existent interpretations of don Quixote's madness are summarized. Key words madness, melancholy, laugh, culture of folk humor, carnival, don Quixote, Cervantes, Bachtin, Foucault, Erasmus
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