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Characteristics of semiconductor BSE electron microscope detector
Plot, Vítězslav ; Hubálek, Jaromír (referee) ; Boušek, Jaroslav (advisor)
The thesis deals with the characterization of a semiconductor detector of backscattered electrons. The theoretical part describes two types of electron microscopes, the interaction of the primary beam with the sample and individual types of electrons and radiation arising during the interaction. The most used types of electron detectors in scanning electron microscope are summarized. The basic characteristics of the semiconductor backscattered electron detector and their measurement methods are described. The experimental part deals with measuring the characteristics of the detector made by Delong Instruments and comparing it with commercially available detectors. Volt-ampere characteristic and dark current, the dependence of the gain on the accelerating voltage, as well as the time response of the detector were measured.
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Design of fast magnetorheological damper piston group using selective laser melting technology
Vítek, Petr ; Růžička, Bronislav (referee) ; Strecker, Zbyněk (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the development of the magnetic circuit of Magnetoreological (MR) dampers with a short time response. To achieve a short response time, a shape approach was chosen whereby the geometry of the magnetic circuit was chosen to significantly eliminate the occurrence of eddy currents. The influence of structures on magnetic properties was first examined on a simpler toroidal core and then the optimization was subjected to the magnetic circuit of the MR damper itself. Geometry optimization was done using FEM simulations. The resulting geometry was made of pure iron using Selective Laser Melting technology (SLM). In addition, a MR damper was completed and its properties on air and with MR fluid were measured, which were then compared with previously developed rapid MR dampers. It has been found that the newly designed magnetic circuit achieves similar time responses as all other compared fast MR dampers and reaches a higher dynamic range than most of the compared variants. The proposed magnetic circuit also has a significantly reduced weight.
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Optimization of Control Algorithm of MR Damper
Strecker, Zbyněk ; Kotaba, Ondřej (referee) ; Ondrůšek, Čestmír (referee) ; Šindelář, Martin (referee) ; Mazůrek, Ivan (advisor)
This work deals with the usage of magneto-rheological (MR) damper in the semi-active car suspension. Semi-active suspension can improve ride comfort or tyre grip to the level, which cannot be achieved with the common passive setting of the damper. MR damper has however features, like time response of the controller with MR damper and the control range of the MR damper, which limit area of application. It was found out that especially the time response of the damper significantly influences the efficiency of semi-active algorithms. Current MR dampers with controllers are not capable of efficient control of the semi-active suspension. For proper design of semi-active suspension with MR dampers, the time response must be decreased. Therefore, a new PWM current controller was designed and verified. Also changes in MR damper design which eliminate eddy-currents in the magnetic circuit were proposed. The results of this work should contribute to the better design of semi-active suspension systems with MR damper.
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Testing of automotive sport suspension
Čípek, Pavel ; Růžička, Bronislav (referee) ; Strecker, Zbyněk (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with testing of sports car suspension. The aim is the testing of fast magnetorheological damper in semiactive suspension that corresponds to quarter car model. The fast magnetorheological damper has a response time 2 ms. If the response time is short enough (order of units miliseconds) it is possible (based on earlier simulations) to achieve improvement of driving safety (better stability of force of tyre on roadway) and comfort (reduction of vibrations). The thesis proves this statement with series of experiments.
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The design of fast magnetorheological valves without the use of ferrites
Strmiska, Tomáš ; Růžička, Bronislav (referee) ; Strecker, Zbyněk (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with development of a new generation of magnetic circuits of fast magnetoreological (MR) dampers that will not use problematic ferrite materials. To ensure a short response time, eddy currents must be avoided. Using the Finite Element Method, 2 solutions were proposed - the use of soft magnetic composites with high electrical resistance and the cutting of grooves in metallic material. Subsequently, 2 magnetic circuits were produced - one from Sintex SMC prototyping material composite and one from 11SMn30 steel with 48 deep grooves 0,35 mm wide. Both were implemented into the MR damper and tested on a hydraulic pulsator. The results of the experiments were compared with 2 different MR dampers: one with 11SMn30 magnetic circuit without grooves and another with the Epcos N87 ferrite magnetic core. It has been found that both new circuits have ensured an equally short response of the damper force to the change of electric current like ferrite. At the same time, a much larger dynamic range was ensured. Compared to 11SMn30 without grooves, the new circuits provided approximately 7x faster response.
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The development of fail-safe magnetorheological damper
Hašlík, Igor ; Růžička, Bronislav (referee) ; Kubík, Michal (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with an engineering design of a fail-safe magnetorheological (MR) damper capable of semi-active control. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the current state of knowledge of fail-safe MR dampers and permanent magnets contained in these dampers. The next part contains an engineering design of a fail-safe MR damper, made using FEM simulations, and its subsequent testing in terms of magnetic and hydraulic properties. Finally, a design of a fail-safe MR damper with fast response time was made and simulated using verified FEM analysis. Fast response time is ensured by limiting the generation of eddy currents in the piston core by grooving.
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Magnetorheological fluid response time in shear mode
Válek, Josef ; Vimmr, Jan (referee) ; Kubík, Michal (advisor)
Magnetorheological fluids (MRF) are suspensions of (commonly) oils and carbonyl iron powder. Under magnetic field, apparent viscosity of suspension changes in short time. This so-called response time can’t be neglected in modern MR devices. Multiple response times are distinguished based on load mode. Rheological response time (MRF under shear rate) will be affected by load and composition of MRF. In this thesis, these influencing parameters are investigated, which was allowed by developing rheometer with minimal hardware response time and methodology. Gained data shows, that most affecting parameter is ratio of inner forces, described e.g., Mason number. Model of Mason number was verified for larger values, but in lower values, significant difference was observed (probably caused by different shear stress mechanism in MRF). After other investigation and clarification of model, precise prediction of MRF and MR devices behaviour will be possible, which can lead to improving their function and e.g., road safety.
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Characteristics of semiconductor BSE electron microscope detector
Plot, Vítězslav ; Hubálek, Jaromír (referee) ; Boušek, Jaroslav (advisor)
The thesis deals with the characterization of a semiconductor detector of backscattered electrons. The theoretical part describes two types of electron microscopes, the interaction of the primary beam with the sample and individual types of electrons and radiation arising during the interaction. The most used types of electron detectors in scanning electron microscope are summarized. The basic characteristics of the semiconductor backscattered electron detector and their measurement methods are described. The experimental part deals with measuring the characteristics of the detector made by Delong Instruments and comparing it with commercially available detectors. Volt-ampere characteristic and dark current, the dependence of the gain on the accelerating voltage, as well as the time response of the detector were measured.
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Magnetorheological fluid response time in shear mode
Válek, Josef ; Vimmr, Jan (referee) ; Kubík, Michal (advisor)
Magnetorheological fluids (MRF) are suspensions of (commonly) oils and carbonyl iron powder. Under magnetic field, apparent viscosity of suspension changes in short time. This so-called response time can’t be neglected in modern MR devices. Multiple response times are distinguished based on load mode. Rheological response time (MRF under shear rate) will be affected by load and composition of MRF. In this thesis, these influencing parameters are investigated, which was allowed by developing rheometer with minimal hardware response time and methodology. Gained data shows, that most affecting parameter is ratio of inner forces, described e.g., Mason number. Model of Mason number was verified for larger values, but in lower values, significant difference was observed (probably caused by different shear stress mechanism in MRF). After other investigation and clarification of model, precise prediction of MRF and MR devices behaviour will be possible, which can lead to improving their function and e.g., road safety.
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