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Play - Form of the Situation as Such?
Kanócz, Robert ; Michálek, Jiří (advisor) ; Zika, Richard (referee) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee)
Robert Kanócz: Play - Form of the Situation as Such? Abstract The present work belongs to the context of phenomenological ontology and tries to find out, what play/game is and what relationship it has to the nature of being. I understand the question what "play"/"game" ("hra" in the Czech language) is as the question what characterizes the matters referred to spontaneously by this word, and whether it is possible to find one universal meaning present in all these cases. I answer that such a universal meaning does exist, that a play/game is an "in its meaning autonomous process of being decided about something" (where "being decided" is meant impersonally, with no necessary reference to any conscious subject which decides) and I explain in what sense all the types of instances referred to with the abovementioned Czech word display these features. I further show in what sense the most general or fundamental situation in which we are, i. e. the situation of appearing of anything, displays the features of a game/play - it can be viewed as the always the same, "unescapable" process of being decided about what will be present. On this ground a theory of being or the world as, ultimately, a play/game can be conceived, which may sound very convincing, if it is presented as a seeing through the illusion that...
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Origins of intentionality and Husserl's late thinking
Zelenka, Jiří ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Zika, Richard (referee)
This work aims to pursue the roots and sources of intentionality. Intentional structure of consciousness is the very core of Edmund Husserl's phenomenology and plays the main role since his Logical investigations. The problem of intentionality is complicated and complex and resonates through the Husserl lifelong work Our starting point is Husserl's late work Erfahrung und Urteil. The reason why we choose this work is twofold. First, this work shows the thoughts which result from the life long investigation of problematics. And the second reason is, this work hasn't been the subject of examination as much as Husserl's earlier works so far. The key to our work is the perspective in which every phenomenon shows. That's the reason, why we follow intentionality in three perspectives, which gradually uncovers itselves. The first perspective is the descent from acts of judgment to the original layers of intentionality. This brings us to the second perspective, which is the instinctive intentionality. This is the subject of following part of our work. The exposing of instinctive intentionality underlines the role of embodiment. The importance of embodiment in regard to intentionality is the final perspective. We investigate this with help of Maurice Merleau-Ponty Phenomenology of perception. This will...
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