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Biotransformation of selected anthelmintics in sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa)
Němečková, Aneta ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Lamka, Jiří (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Aneta Bečanová Supervisor: Mgr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Biotransformation of selected anthelmintics in sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa) Biotransformation of anthelmintics is a process that prevents the parasite from adverse effects of xenobiotics. Therefore, it is the main factor that causes the reduction of an anthelmintic effect, resistance development and thus the failure of drug therapy of helminthosis. Therefore many studies focused on anthelmintics biotransformation in helminths have been published. This experiment was aimed at the biotransformation of albendazole, flubendazole and mebendazole in the sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa) and the activity of its biotransformation enzymes. Tapeworms were obtained from sheep intestines. Biotransformation of benzimidazoles was determined in in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Flubendazole and mebendazole were metabolized in much greater extent than albendazole. The activity of antioxidative enzymes, which also can participate in drug biotransformation, was detected mainly in the cytosol. Neither cytochromes P 450 nor flavin-containing monooxygenases were detected. Reductive enzymes were determined by means of specific...
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Biotransformation of selected anthelmintics in sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa)
Bečanová, Aneta ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Lamka, Jiří (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Aneta Bečanová Supervisor: Mgr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Biotransformation of selected anthelmintics in sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa) Biotransformation of anthelmintics is a process that prevents the parasite from adverse effects of xenobiotics. Therefore, it is the main factor that causes the reduction of an anthelmintic effect, resistance development and thus the failure of drug therapy of helminthosis. Therefore many studies focused on anthelmintics biotransformation in helminths have been published. This experiment was aimed at the biotransformation of albendazole, flubendazole and mebendazole in the sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa) and the activity of its biotransformation enzymes. Tapeworms were obtained from sheep intestines. Biotransformation of benzimidazoles was determined in in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Flubendazole and mebendazole were metabolized in much greater extent than albendazole. The activity of antioxidative enzymes, which also can participate in drug biotransformation, was detected mainly in the cytosol. Neither cytochromes P 450 nor flavin-containing monooxygenases were detected. Reductive enzymes were determined by means of specific...
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Nursing Care of Children with Orofacial Clefts
Svobodová, Hana ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Babická, Marcela (referee)
In the theoretical part I deal with cleft lip and palate, their distribution, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis and tretment. It also the nursing care of children with cleft lip/palate the infant and toddler period. The main objective of the thesis is to determine what is the nursing care for children with orofacial cleft. In addition, three sub-objectives have been established. The first goal was to find out what the nursing care is in the field of nutrition in children with cleft face. The second goal was to survey, what the nursing care of is wound in children after orofacial surgery. The last goal was to learn about the parents' awareness of the care with facial cleft. All objectives have been met. For the qualitative research as a method for data collection, was used nursing care report. The default method for the assembly of two case reports, was conducted and interview with mothers of children according to the structure of the model by M. Gordon - Model functional health patterns. Furthermore, the method of observation was used to compile the said case reports, and so was used medical documentation. Key words: orofacial cleft, children, nursing care, prevention, congenital anomalies
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Modification of selected biotransformation enzymes during ageing (in rat)
Vyskočilová, Erika ; Boušová, Iva (advisor) ; Svobodová, Hana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Erika Vyskočilová Supervisor: PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: MODIFICATION OF SELECTED BIOTRANSFORMATION ENZYMES DURING AGEING (IN RAT) Ageing is an inevitable biological process characterized by progressive functional decline of all organ systems with simultaneous increase in oxidative damage as a result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as peroxidase and catalase, is related to increased production of ROS during ageing. Activity of biotransformation enzymes such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) and glutathion-S-transferase (GST) changes during ageing too. In general, activity of enzymes is lower in very young and very old individuals than in the period of adulthood. The aim of the present work was to study age-related changes in activities and expression of selected xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (GST, CYP 1A, CYP 2B, CYP 3A4) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, superoxiddismutase) in rat liver. Male Wistar rats were sacrificed by decapitation under ether anesthesia at the age of 6 weeks and 21 months (6 individuals in each group). Subsequently, liver specimens were processed to obtain the subcellular...
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The role of melatonin in SIRT1 and p-AMPK regulation in HT-29 cell line
Shkut, Anastasiya ; Ramos Mandíková, Jana (advisor) ; Svobodová, Hana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Anastasiya Shkut Supervisors: Mgr. Jana Mandíková, Virginia Motilva Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The role of melatonin in SIRT1 and p-AMPK regulation in HT-29 cell line. Sirituin 1 (SIRT1) is NAD+ dependent deacetylase present in wide range of organisms including mammals. It was found to extend life span in yeasts during calorie restriction (CR) conditions. SIRT1 deacetylates many regulator proteins and thus control metabolic status of cell as well as AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), which is also energy regulator enzyme depending on NAD+ levels in cell. Both of them play roles in cancer and could influence autophagy, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. We focused our study on hormone melatonin, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects, to study its influence on human colon cancer cell line HT-29. If it has impact on SIRT1 and AMPK and what is hierarchic relationship between SIRT1 and AMPK. Also we observed its possible influence on autophagy. We used Western blotting (WB) technique and from our results it seems that melatonin has significant effect on SIRT1, which might activate AMPK as well as autophagy. Nevertheless some of results did not have sufficient...
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