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Topic of Islam in the Teaching of Basics of Civics and Social Sciences
Sarauerová, Radka ; Zicha, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
The diploma thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The first part deals with the theory in the form of a basic and brief introduction into the subject of Islam from the religious and anthropological point of view. Similarly, Czech society's perception of Islam is discussed as well as expert's and general public's estimation of teaching about Islam. Subsequently, the characteristics of stated educational topic and its placement into the broader context of education will be dealt with, the Framework Educational Program will be used as a means of comparison. The teaching of the stated topic and the controversy of it will be specified. In the practical part of the thesis, a qualitative research will be carried out, followed by its interpretation, which will take place with the participation of high school teachers. The diploma thesis will be focused on the identification of various concepts of teaching of this topic, it will attempt to critically view and formulate the recommendation for the current issues of the teaching of Islam, for it is a present topic that should not be omitted within the Citizenship Education. Key words Islam, teaching, grammar school, Basics of Civics and Social Sciences, Framework Education Programme, society
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Problem of Woman's Nature
Průšková, Adéla ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
The main subject of this thesis is feminine nature. The goal is to capture the essence of womanhood in the entirety of the world. There is a difference between the experience of a woman's life and the world around her. We must therefore ask how the world around us is set up, what nature itself entails, how the society views a woman and how a woman views herself. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part deals with the nature according to two of the most important thinkers of antiquity: Plato and Aristotle. The second section examines the nature and essence of womanhood as viewed by the French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir. In the final part, we discuss some of the phenomena related to the issue of womanhood nowadays, such as physicality, dignity, human culture and responsibility. The whole work shows that it is essential for us to demand freedom of self-realization which along with the need for cooperation of both genders in establishing basic rules of the world that men and women inhabit together, provides for women to self-realize freely in harmony with their own experience of the world. Keywords woman, nature, physis, freedom, the wholeness of the world, man's world, woman's world, transcendence
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Problem of Sacrament with especial regard to Eucharist and Matrimony
Skřivánek, Vratislav ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
This thesis Problem of Sacrament with especial regard to Eucharist and Matrimony deals with issues of the Sacrament, a relation of a visible and invisible level in the Sacrament, a role of a symbol and a comparison of a conception of the Sacrament in the orthodox, reformed and catholic churches from the religionistic point of view. Further, this thesis deals with two selected sacraments: the Eucharist which is the Sacrament in all the churches, and the Matrimony which most of the churches do not recognize as the Sacrament. In the issue of the Eucharist, there has been solved a progress of its understanding and a comparison of a conception in particular churches. In the issue of the Matrimony, there have been presented options why it is possible or not to recognize it as the Sacrament, then a comparison of a conception of the selected churches, an issue of a confesionally mixed marriages and an issue of divorces.
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Inverted Totalitarianism
Petr, Ondřej ; Hauser, Michael (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
This Master's thesis reflects the theory of American political philosopher S. Wolin. The work introduces the reader to interpretations of S. Wolin's term inverted totalitarianism and confronts it with the common and mainstream approaches to totalitarianism. It is concerned about S. Wolin's reflection on contemporary western liberal democracy as managed democracy. The text pays attention to work of G. Agamben who takes a similar critique on the form of Euro-Atlantic democracy; for instance the thesis deals with his view of state of exception in which the author sees connections on inverted totalitarianism. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Metaphysical essentials of Ladislav Klíma's philosophy
Kratochvíl, Jan ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Rybák, David (referee)
This work focuses on the analysi s of methaphysical philosophy of a Czech writer and philosopher Ladislav Klíma. It studies his discourse with older philosophical tradition and his own sources of inspiration and demonstrates essential contradictions of the resulting philosophy - egosolism. The main focus of this work is in analysis of the transition of a certain methaphysical view on the world to ethical challenge and criticism of Christian faith as Klíma understood it. It is rather emotional than rational as Klíma's literary works show. They are also used to demonstrate his adherence to traditional methaphysical points of view. The final part of this work sums up Klíma's philosophical ideas from which inevitably stem these contradictions. A way of reading Klíma's body of work is offered which is indifferent to incoherences of Klíma's intelectual construct.
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Human being by Ibn Rushd and Maimonides
Kopecká, Pavlína ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
This thesis interprets the concept of human being in the work of Maimonides and ibn Rushd, two representatives of major Arab and Jewish medieval philosophy. It combines the ancient Greek philosophical tradition, especially Aristotle, with a religious context. When Maimonides and Ibn Rushd tried to harmonize these two traditions, they had to deal with many opposite views, that stemmed from the difference between religious and ancient world. Behind this intellectual ground have they created the original thesis and approaches to grasping reality, the world and the human being in it. The issue of human being is analyzed in three levels. The first level consists of the relationship between human being and creation, which addresses the question about origin of the world the human soul and the resurrection. The second level, i.e. the man and the world, is devoted to describing a scheme of the world, human knowledge and the theory of prophecy. Ethical and political views are analyzed on the third level, which represents the position of human being in relation to the polis. Keywords Ibn Rushd, Maimonides, Aristotle, Plato, neoplatonism, philosophy, religion, The Koran, Torah, human being, world, creation, eternity, soul, resurrection, emanation, knowledge, illumination, active intellect, prophecy, politics,...
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Buddha and his Teaching
Čechová, Šárka ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The aim of this work is to understand some basic context of the Buddha's teachings and context in which it arises. At the same time we are trying our understanding at least partially shield the concepts and ideas of European tradition through which Buddhism is usually interpreted unproblematically. The problem of uniting traditions remain open and therefore this work does not aim to eliminate these problems, but we are only at grouping. In this work we are trying to draw attention to europocentrism perception of the Buddhist teachings, and based on this fact, at least in part, to interpret the Buddha's thoughts. Keywords Buddhism, Buddha, Eastern religions, Hinduism, India
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