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Degenerate Art" and the Reflexion of the Great War in Works of Otto Dix and George Grosz
Procházková, Veronika ; Zelená, Alena (advisor) ; Pelánová, Anita (referee)
The most dominant features of the last century are without a doubt the two world wars, which became a subject for creations of many artists. The First World War also known as the Great War is a theme of many works of literature, which are up to now ranked as bestsellers. In contrast, the war-terrors on the canvases of German modernists are not as popular. "Degenerate Art" or "Entartete Kunst" is an important period in the history of art and the Degenerate Art Exhibition 1937 in Munich became one of the landmarks and also one of the most visited and also controversial exhibitions of all time. The boom of expressionisms at the beginning of the century and altogether the evolution of modern art presents an interesting antipole to the political transformation in Germany. On the one side, there is a new and for many misunderstood way of painting, which strongly criticized war, society, religion etc.; on the other hand, there is the Nazi ideology about the invincible nation and the vision of the classical art. War horrors were used as a matter in the works of many artists, but the most brutal and the most realistic are the works of Otto Dix and George Grosz. Otto Dix became famous for his fanatical representation of suffering and war terror. Dix was a front machine-gunner and maybe because of that, devoted his...
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The Escape of Persecuted Jews from Vienna in 1942.
Kordová, Magdalena ; Pešek, Jiří (advisor) ; Pelánová, Anita (referee)
Doctoral thesis "Escape of persecuted Jews from Vienna in 1942. Interpretative analysis of a diary" deals with an escape of a man and a woman across the Alps to Italy. The research aimed at studying two levels of the problém, the phenomenon of refuge as such, and a diary as an autobiographical resource, and provides its analysis. Considering the variety of the environments in which the escape happened, the authorhad to examine all possibilities to access the resources, and also the methods of verification. Thus archive documents were ušed along side with printed resources and artifacts. The diary is to be regarded as a resource, which first of all, records the event as such, and also as a document, which reflects the writeťs experience. The commentary through interpretation presents not only the so far unknown routě of an illegal passage of Austro-Italian border, but also discusses the relationship of the refugees, a man and a woman, in extreme conditions. Consequently it is shown that the term "emigration" is too complex and generál to be ušed precisely, especially in čase of an illegal escape. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Nazi cultural policy in Düsseldorf 1933-1945
Mikulová, Soňa ; Pešek, Jiří (advisor) ; Pelánová, Anita (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to understand how the Nazis used and subordinated art to their power. It was necessary to concentrate the focus of this study on a specific region of the Third Reich. The choice of Düsseldorf as a frame for cultural-political studies of the years 1933-1945 was made because the city had been a cultural centre since the 18. century and it was a home of many famous artists, such as Heinrich Heine, Robert and Clara Schumann and Felix Mendelsohn-Bartholdy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Architecture of the Viennese and Budapest Parliament as a Reflection of Changes in the Political Climate
Fischerová, Ema ; Pelánová, Anita (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis "The Architecture of the Viennese and Budapest Parliament as a Reflection of Changes in the Political Climate" deals with the relationship between architecture and political changes of the second half of the 19th century, the time of birth of the so-called modern European nations. Political, economic and social changes have been reflected both in the style and in the decorative program of a number of parliamentary buildings. The thesis examines on the example of the architecture of the Viennese and Budapest parliamentary buildings, whether and how the new political and national arrangement and its associated ambitions were reflected in the architecture of the buildings. The Parliament building, which is a proof of the fundamental political and social changes, has become the announcer of these ambitions and their program. This legacy is expressed in the architectural layout, choice of style and decorations. The aim of the thesis is to compare the two Parliaments, so it is conceived as a comparative case study. It is divided into two chapters dealing with the Viennese and the Budapest Parliaments in the context of the political situation of the state and the cities in which they are located. The thesis concludes that each of the examine buildings is in its architectural design and...
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Artists scene in 1980s and its connections to the West
Korecký, David ; Pelánová, Anita (advisor) ; Šafařík, Petr (referee)
The thesis deals with the question 'what kind of connections between the alternative cultural scene in Czechoslovakia in the 1980s and the western art scene were most frequent?', and questions their usefulness and influence on the development of art in Czechoslovakia. There is given the definition of 'alternative culture' and the definition of the artistic scene in the eighties. The thesis is based on interviews with important figures of that period, historical documents and further analyzes case studies of the connections with West. Besides remarkable events of the non-official scene, characteristics of the selected figures of that period the thesis also presents basic documents and statements establishing the significant artistic groups of late eighties, Tvrdohlaví, 12/15 Pozdě, ale přece, and Nová skupina. The thesis describes the term ‚social discoloration', and the question of the possible delay of East European art behind the Western one. Final part of the thesis proposes the general typology of the connections between non-official community and the West.
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Albert Speer as an utopian urbanist? The Plan for the Rebuilding of Berlin in Comparison with The Radiant City by Le Corbusier
Rambousek, Filip ; Mikulová, Soňa (advisor) ; Pelánová, Anita (referee)
During the first half of the 20th century several urban concepts, based on criticism of the cities of that time, had been formulated. Their purpose was to carry out a social change by the means of the change of the physical environment. The plans for the rebuilding of Berlin were produced at the same time as The Radiant City by Le Corbusier, which serves as a model of the above-mentioned concepts. The author is using a comparative method to find out whether it is even possible in general, and if yes, then also to what extent, to consider Speer's plans for the rebuilding of Berlin one of the urban utopias represented here by The Radiant City. The thesis itself is based on thorough analysis of both projects from the perspective of functionality, as well as their ideological roots and political and other goals. To include all possible factors that could have influenced the development of the plans, there is also space dedicated to the biographies of the two men and to the circumstances under which the plans were developed given the social and political situation.
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Prague Theatre Festival of Geman Language and it's Meaning for Czech- German culture Relations after 1989. The Reflexion of Historical Context
Hložková, Dominika ; Pelánová, Anita (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis entitled: "Prague German Language Theatre Festival and its Importance for the Czech-German Cultural Relations after 1989. Reflection of the Historical Context." deals with the topic of German culture in the Czech Republic, both in the past and today. The look back in time is supposed to help answer the question, whether the festival is a mere export from German-speaking countries, or whether it managed to build on important cultural tradition of so-called German Prague, which was here in 1918-1939. The subject of the analysis is, apart from a history of German theatres in Prague, primarily the Prague German Language Theatre Festival. In the first part of the thesis are described, based on numerous sources, German cultural efforts in the Czech Republic in a period from the end of the First World War, is since 1918. The second part deals with the Prague Theater Festival and is delimited to the first 15 years of its operation, ie the years 1996 - 2010. This part is mainly based on internal documents and interviews, which were provided by the festival organizers. The third part is focused on the reflection of this cultural event in the press, both in Czech and in German. Emphasis is placed on the first year of the festival. Analysis of the reflection in the press aims to find out which...
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National Socialist culture politics: Change of German fine arts in 30s
Mojžíš, Radek ; Pelánová, Anita (advisor) ; Šafařík, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines a role of a cultural policy during 1933 and 1937 and its influence on Fine arts. It describes a link between a political power and culture. The thesis itself focuses not only on indiviual acts, but also presumptions creating National socialist cultural politics. The thesis consists of two main parts. The first introduces changes in society and art scene of Weimar Republik. The crucial moment was the Great Depression in 1929 and subsequent radicalization influencing both a society and culture. The rising influence later peaked in nazi's participation in Thuringian governemnt which enabled first attempts to regulate culture. The second part decribes the period after Hitler was appointed Reich Chancellor. First bills affecting culture were passed and process of Gleichschaltung started. It also focuses on a role of institutions, associations and Hitler himself as cultural policy makers. Their main target was to eliminate modern art, which manifested in organizing a defamatory exhibition Entartete Kunst in 1937. At the same time Great German Art exhibition was held. Its main goal was to introduce artists of a new regime. In spite of these efforts, an attempt of creating new national socialist art failed.
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Reflexion of the Spanish Civil War in the work of Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell
Macáková, Martina ; Rak, Jiří (advisor) ; Pelánová, Anita (referee)
The Spanish Civil War was an extraordinary event that draught unprecedent attention of intellectuals all around the world. The wast majority of them took side of the Republicans. It was also the case of two writers whose works were marked by the greatest response and to some extent ifnluenced the reception of the conflict by our society. Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell came to Spain with different expectations, they each played in spanish drama distinct role and reflected their experience diversly, however they shared the belief that the Republic is a cause worth to be fighting for. The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the political message of two most important literal accounts that have been written on background of the Spanish Civil War, to describe the circumstances of their origins and publication and to account how the public in Spain, their home countries and also in Czechoslovakia react to them. Hemingway's novel For Whom the Bell Tolls and Orwell's Homage to Catalonia proof to be a testimony how strong is the bond between history and literature. The popular Spanish images depicted by writers such as Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell have not disappeared, only was overshadowed by Franco's dictatorship.
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