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Effects of media consumption on attitudes towards migration
Novotný, Ondřej ; Linek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Lupač, Petr (referee)
(in English): The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of media effects on attitudes towards migration in the Czech Republic. For this, it uses data from the MEDIAN agency from 2021, which combines a questionnaire panel survey and personalized measurement of media consumption using mobile and computer applications. The work focuses on valence attitude to migration (on a scale of positive/negative) and perceived importance of migration, while testing hypotheses on different media effects according to different types of media and recipient characteristics. The analysis shows that exposure to commercial broadcasting (both directly on migration and news in general) has led to higher chances to have an anti-immigration valence attitude, while watching news on public television has partially led to a positive attitude. It has also been shown that overall TV news had a more negative effect on the valence attitude to migration compared to online media. At the same time, the analysis indicated a possible different effect of commercial media according to political interest. On the contrary, the effect of overall exposure to migration on attitude to migration or perceived importance has not been proven. Conclusions and methodological limitations, as well as recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Financial literacy of pupils and teachers of primary school
Novotný, Ondřej ; Jančařík, Antonín (advisor) ; Novotná, Jarmila (referee)
The presented diploma thesis is focused on financial literacy at basic school, with the focus on the integration of financial skills into the education on the secondary school. The main aim of the thesis is to compare several selected methods for education of financial literacy at basic school with the intention to select a optimal way for developing the financial literacy of students and solutions of their various economical situations, problems and decisions that expect them in their future life. The theoretical part contains introduction into the topic, introductory theoretical basis, basic definitions of important terms and a description of the educational system. Reasons for introduction of financial literacy education into basic education system are explained. Further, the strategic documents influencing the education of financial literacy at basic school, which are the base for creation of frame school programs for the education of financial literacy, are introduced. The situation is described in more detail and it is explained, how it is possible to introduce the financial literacy education in the school education programs in agreement with the frame education programs. In the end of the theoretical part, the selected methods for evaluation of the financial literacy education at the basic...
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Analysis of the Kalvoda affair in articles from Lidové noviny and Deník Právo in the years 1996 - 1997
Novotný, Ondřej ; Groman, Martin (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the well - known affair of the top ODA politician and the Minister of Justice Jan Kalvoda, who resigned from all his public positions in 1996 and left the top politics. Using the method of qualitative analysis, the work focuses on the resonance of this act in the articles of large domestic newspapers Právo and Lidové noviny and examines how the phenomenon, which until then had no parallel in Czech politics, was approached. Part of the work is a brief look at the development of the Civic Democratic Alliance, its top personalities and achievements during Kalvod's presidency, a medallion about Jan Kalvod, the main research evaluation of selected newspaper articles that began immediately after Kalvoda's resignation and culminated in the composition of his party as chairman in 1997. The whole work was written primarily on the basis of book sources dealing with ODA and subsequently through the study of major newspaper articles from the period 1996-97. Each chapter of the research part ends with the comparation and in the very conclusion there is a reflection on the whole case through the eyes of the author and its comparison with other political affairs.
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India-U.S. Relations in the Late 1960s and in the First Half of the 1970s
Novotný, Ondřej ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Vidén, Anna Karolina (referee)
This MA thesis titled as - India-U.S. Relations in the Late 1960s and in the First Half of the 1970s - focuses on mutual relations of the U.S. on one side and India on the other. It elaborates various events, which influenced these relations during the late 1960s and in the first half ot the 1970s. The result of this work is the confirmation that the U.S., in its foreign policy strategy, strictly followed the principle of realpolitik. Thanks to that their interests, however, often collided with those of India. Its effort of rapprochment with the PRC, during which Pakistan played an important role as the main communication channel between both countries, was a 'thorn in the side' of India's top officials, including its Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. The U.S. foreign policy, which was mainly in hands of the National Security Advisor of President Richard Nixon Henry Kissinger, had to logically prefer an alliance with Pakistan. This, of course, was not welcomed by India because these two Asian countries waged several wars against each other and had strained relations since their birth. Thus, in spite of the fact that India might seem as the best American partner, given its strong democratic principles, the opposite was true. Nixon/Kissinger, in defiance of all obstacles, did not relent and remained firm...
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Improving Robustness of Speaker Recognition using Discriminative Techniques
Novotný, Ondřej ; Ferrer, Luciana (referee) ; Pollák, Petr (referee) ; Černocký, Jan (advisor)
Tato práce pojednává o využití diskriminativních technik v oblasti rozpoznávání mluvčích za účelem získání větší robustnosti těchto systémů vůči vlivům negativně ovlivňující jejich výkonnost. Mezi tyto vlivy řadíme šum, reverberaci nebo přenosový kanál. Práce je rozdělena do dvou hlavních částí. V první části se věnujeme teoretickému úvodu do problematiky rozpoznávání mluvčích. Popsány jsou jednotlivé kroky rozpoznávacího systému od extrakce akustických příznaků, extrakce vektorových reprezentací nahrávek, až po tvorbu finálního rozpoznávacího skóre. Zvláštní důraz je věnován technikám extrakce vektorové reprezentace nahrávky, kdy popisujeme dvě rozdílná paradigmata možného přístupu, i-vektory a x-vektory. Druhá část práce se již více věnuje diskriminativním technikám pro zvýšení robustnosti. Techniky jsou organizovány tak, aby odpovídaly postupnému průchodu nahrávky rozpoznávacím systémem. Nejdříve je věnována pozornost předzpracování signálu pomocí neuronové sítě pro odšumění a obohacení signálu řeči jako univerzální technice, která je nezávislá na následně použitém rozpoznávacím systému. Dále se zameřujeme na využití diskriminativního přístupu při extrakci příznaků a extrakci vektorových reprezentací nahrávek. Práce rovněž pokrývá přechod od generativního paradigmatu k plně diskriminativnímu přístupu v systémech pro rozpoznávání mluvčích. Veškeré techniky jsou následně vždy experimentálně ověřeny a zhodnocen jejich přínos. V práci je navrženo několik přístupů, které se osvědčily jak u generativního přístupu v podobě i-vektorů, tak i u diskriminativních x-vektorů, a díky nim bylo dosaženo významného zlepšení. Pro úplnost jsou, v oblasti problematiky robustnosti, do práce zařazeny i další techniky, jako je normalizace skóre, či více-scénářové trénování systémů. Závěrem se práce zabývá problematikou robustnosti diskriminativních systému z pohledu dat využitých při jejich trénování.
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Analysis of the Kalvoda affair in articles from Lidové noviny and Deník Právo in the years 1996 - 1997
Novotný, Ondřej ; Groman, Martin (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the well - known affair of the top ODA politician and the Minister of Justice Jan Kalvoda, who resigned from all his public positions in 1996 and left the top politics. Using the method of critical analysis, the work focuses on the resonance of this act in the articles of large domestic newspapers Právo and Lidové noviny and examines how the phenomenon, which until then had no parallel in Czech politics, was approached. Part of the work is a brief look at the development of the Civic Democratic Alliance, its top personalities and achievements during Kalvod's presidency, a medallion about Jan Kalvod, the main research evaluation of selected newspaper articles that began immediately after Kalvoda's resignation and culminated in the composition of his party as chairman in 1997. The whole work was written primarily on the basis of book sources dealing with ODA and subsequently through the study of major newspaper articles from the period 1996-97. Each chapter of the research part ends with the results and in the very conclusion there is a reflection on the whole case through the eyes of the author and its comparison with other political affairs.
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Correlated probe and electron microscopy for the study of modern magnetic nanomaterials
Novotný, Ondřej ; Flajšman, Lukáš (referee) ; Pavera, Michal (advisor)
High pressure on the development of new magnetic materials and their miniaturization also emphasizes the development of new analytical techniques. This diploma thesis deals with the development and demonstration of correlated magnetic force and electron microscopy, which is a promising tool for the characterization of magnetic nanomaterials. The first part of this thesis describes the fundamental physics of micromagnetism with a focus on cylindrical nanofibers. The following pages describe optic, probe, electron, and synchrotron methods for mapping the magnetic properties of materials. The next part describes magnetic domain wall motion in cylindrical nanowires performed as a part of a more extensive material study. The last part of the thesis describes the development of correlated magnetic force and electron microscopy on LiteScope device. A production of magnetic probes was designed and successfully tested. Probes were fabricated by focused electron beam-induced deposition from the Co2(CO)8 precursor. Further, the developed correlated microscopy is demonstrated on a multilayer PtCo sample, magnetic cylindrical nanofibers, NiFe vortex structures, and FeRh metamagnetic nano-islands.
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The relation between parents' education and the vote intention of Czech high school students
Novotný, Ondřej ; Linek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Mazák, Jaromír (referee)
(in English): This bachelor's thesis deals with the analysis of the relation between parental education and the intention to vote of Czech secondary school students - whether the relation exists, what affects this relation and how this relation can be explained. The synthesis of the literature shows that the positive effect of parents' education on the intention to vote has already been demonstrated in Czech minors (Kudrnáč, 2018), internationally in minors (Kim and Lim, 2018) and Finnish young adults (Gidengil, Wass & Valaste, 2016). Based on the literature we summarize four possible explanations of the relationship: 1.) more educated parents participate more often in elections themselves and represent a role model for their offspring, which offsprings observe and acquire through social learning, 2.) more educated parents provide their offspring with a politically stimulating home environment, which provides them to political values and stimulates their vote intentions, 3.) more educated parents lead their offspring to their higher education (in the context of secondary school students, this approach can be represented by the type of school) and so the offspring acquire a number of skills and values leading to voter turnout, 4.) education represents socioeconomic status or family standard of...
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Chatbot Based on Artificial Neural Networks
Červíček, Petr ; Novotný, Ondřej (referee) ; Szőke, Igor (advisor)
The thesis pursues the implementation of the chatbot based on neural networks. It uses Long short term memory networks, which remember long-term dependencies. Chatbot was implemented in Python with superstructure Keras and is based on sequence-to-sequence. Chatbot was also tested by BLEU and given to users, who chatted with the chatbot. For a better understanding of the given problematics, there is simple description of the chatbot history and used technologies.
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