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Diversity and functions of soluble electron transporting proteins
Alexová, Eliška ; Hrdý, Ivan (advisor) ; Mach, Jan (referee)
Electron transporting proteins serve to transfer electrons between various soluble and membrane bounded enzymes and proteins in biological processes as for example respiration, photosynthesis and different kinds of energy metabolism. Electron transporting proteins occur in every living organism. The active site of electron transporting proteins contains metal ions as iron and copper, thiol or flavin group. It uses this active site for electron transfer. The redox potential is connected with electron transfer because that is a relative tendency of molecule pairs and they are able to accept or donnate electrons. When the molecules have got more negative value of redox potential, then they have got better ability to donnate electrons. Ferredoxins with iron-sulfur cluster and cytochromes with heme group have got the lowest redox potential of electron transporting proteins. On the contrary cupredoxins with copper center have got the highest redox potential. Key words: cytochrome, flavodoxin, cupredoxin, ferredoxin, thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, rubredoxin
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Biogenesis of mitochondria in parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei
Mach, Jan ; Tachezy, Jan (advisor) ; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav (referee) ; Hashimi, Hassan (referee)
In last decade, investigations of mitochondria including their various reduced forms such as hydrogenosomes and mitosomes revealed unexpected diversity of this indispensable organelle. Interestingly, the single mitochondrion of parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei is able to undergo remarkable functional and structural changes reflecting available carbon sources. Moreover, it was proposed that trypanosomes belong among the most ancient eukaryotes and as such, their mitochondria raised high attention of biologists. To contribute to the knowledge of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, we focused on studies of two key mitochondrial processes, the processing of preproteins that are imported to the mitochondria, and mechanism of pyruvate transport to these organelles. Moreover, we also investigated uptake of iron by T. brucei. This metal is essential for function of numerous proteins, particularly for iron-sulfur proteins in mitochondria. Evolutionary history of trypanosomes and their mitochondrion is a question of debates. According to some reports, mitochondrion of trypanosomes represent an ancient form of this organelle, which is supported by identification of putative "archaic" translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (ATOM) and finding of only a single type of translocation pore in...
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Mitochondrial unfolded protein response
Zemanová, Tereza ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Mach, Jan (referee)
Mitochondrion is an organelle of the eukaryotic cell responsible for the crucial metabolic processes and the apoptosis. Therefore, it is necessary for the survival of the cell to maintain mitochondrial functionality. Hence, the mitochondria have specific signalling stress-activated pathways for re-establishing its homeostasis. Unfolded protein response is a stress response to the presence of unfolded proteins that includes signalling from the organelle to the nucleus and activating specific genes for chaperones and proteases. This thesis summarizes current knowledge of the mitochondrial UPR, in the matrix as well as in the intermembrane space. It describes different types of the mitochondial chaperones and proteases, the reasons and the impacts of the mitochondrial stress causing the UPR and also briefly covers the problematics od the UPR in the cytosol and the ER.
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Biogenesis of mitochondria in parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei
Mach, Jan
In last decade, investigations of mitochondria including their various reduced forms such as hydrogenosomes and mitosomes revealed unexpected diversity of this indispensable organelle. Interestingly, the single mitochondrion of parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei is able to undergo remarkable functional and structural changes reflecting available carbon sources. Moreover, it was proposed that trypanosomes belong among the most ancient eukaryotes and as such, their mitochondria raised high attention of biologists. To contribute to the knowledge of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, we focused on studies of two key mitochondrial processes, the processing of preproteins that are imported to the mitochondria, and mechanism of pyruvate transport to these organelles. Moreover, we also investigated uptake of iron by T. brucei. This metal is essential for function of numerous proteins, particularly for iron-sulfur proteins in mitochondria. Evolutionary history of trypanosomes and their mitochondrion is a question of debates. According to some reports, mitochondrion of trypanosomes represent an ancient form of this organelle, which is supported by identification of putative "archaic" translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (ATOM) and finding of only a single type of translocation pore in...
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Type II secretion system in gram negative bacteria.
Klápšťová, Veronika ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Mach, Jan (referee)
This thesis describes the structure and the assembly of the type II secretion system which is found in some gram negative bacteria such as Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella pneumophila or Klebsiella oxytoca and which transports their exoproteins across the outer membrane. The thesis also presents some important substrates translocated by this system - toxins, enzymes and proteins involved in bacterial metabolism or motility - and hypothetical mechanism of the secretion. Conclusion is focused on the discovery of the secretion system in mitochondria of some protists and its importance for the research of the evolution of eukaryotic organisms.
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Advances in treatment of human trypanosomiasis
Novotná, Kristýna Klára ; Mach, Jan (advisor) ; Grekov, Igor (referee)
Sleeping sickness is a human disease found in sub-saharan Africa, and is caused by a parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei. Trypanosoma brucei species infects various mammals, however, only Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense subspecies are resistant to trypanolytic factors found in human blood serum. This work briefly summarizes known operating mechanisms of trypanolytic factors and resistance mechanisms of trypanosomes to these factors. The work covers mainly description and summarization of current diagnostic methods of sleeping sickness and used trypanocidal drugs. Majority of introduced methods shows high levels of sensitivity and specificity, however, for poor, disease affected areas they are often way too expensive. Prescribed drugs are expensive as well, and what's more, they are often ineffective against both subspecies and have severe side effects. Last part of the work is dedicated to potential development of new medicaments.
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Management, Retrieval and Access to Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mach, Jan ; Bratková, Eva (advisor) ; Strossa, Petr (referee) ; Souček, Martin (referee)
The dissertation is devoted to analysis of current practice and trends in providing repositories of electronic theses and dissertation (ETDs) in terms of their management, searching and dissemination. The first part presents terminology and the current state of access to ETDs in Czech and foreign repositories and includes results of a survey of the state of access to ETDs in the Czech Republic which was completed in 2014 by all public universities. In the second part, a metadata standard is presented, particularly the possibility of mapping EVSKP-MS metadata elements to other metadata formats and utilization within the OAI-PMH protocol. The issue of access to ETDs is dealt with further in terms of metrics for an evaluation of usage of distributed ETDs. Searching for ETDs is also described in case studies as are recommendations for public tenders for a discovery service and for creating an ETD metadata search server and an associated user interface with faceted search. The final part of the thesis focuses on the issue of plagiarism. This incorporates a presentation and analysis of the most important plagiarism detection systems and a case study of the development of the portal Validátor VŠE to provide access to results of document analysis.
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Physical Phenomenon as a Creative Method in Architecture
Buryová, Tereza ; Mach, Jan (referee) ; Kristek,, Jan (advisor)
Cellular_ polar research station Antarctica is the driest, the busiest and most extensive place on Earth, half-year-shrouded. People still live here. They set up the research stations in which they live and work. In these extreme climatic conditions, the station originates and disappears due to natural behaving. Stations provide researchers with safety and space for research, including comfort. They are built in different ways and provide different comforts, according to technological and transport options.
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Project - Organization of Dance Marathon
Fikejzová, Kristýna ; Mach, Jan (referee) ; Kysel, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with organization of dance marathon. In a theoretical part some terms are characterized, such as a manager, project management and sport marketing. The readers are also given information about dance features and characteristics. I used the survey and SWOT analysis to analyze the present state. Furthermore I deal with preparation and organization of dance marathon including the proposals for its innovation.
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