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Psychological Mimesis, the Sacred and Power: A Study in the Sociology of Power in the Context of René Girard's, Gabriel Tarde's and Émile Durkheim's Thought
Kišš, Marián ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Váně, Jan (referee) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee)
The main subject of the presented work is the question of power within the context of sociological theory, and in relation to the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the phenomenon of the sacred. Our starting point is René Girard's mimetic theory, which systematizes the relationship between the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the sacred - in the light of the phenomenon of violence. We, firstly, present Girard's mimetic theory, explicate its main concepts, and situate all into a broader context. Further, we critically examine Girard's theoretical scheme and come to the conclusion that his theoretical and conceptual framework calls for a revision, if it is to be utilized within the context of sociology and social theory. Consequently, we try to "sociologize" Girard's thinking. First, we position his line of thought into the wider sociological context, and then examine his theory in the light of thinking of two classical sociologists, Gabriel Tarde and Émile Durkheim. We then project this examination into a theoretical and conceptual synthesis on the basis of which we formulate our own conceptual scheme, which is based on the assumption of psychological mimesis as an anthropological constant, and which overcomes the main shortcomings of Girard's theoretical framework. On the basis of this...
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Psychological Mimesis, the Sacred and Power: A Study in the Sociology of Power in the Context of René Girard's, Gabriel Tarde's and Émile Durkheim's Thought
Kišš, Marián ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Váně, Jan (referee) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee)
The main subject of the presented work is the question of power within the context of sociological theory, and in relation to the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the phenomenon of the sacred. Our starting point is René Girard's mimetic theory, which systematizes the relationship between the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the sacred - in the light of the phenomenon of violence. We, firstly, present Girard's mimetic theory, explicate its main concepts, and situate all into a broader context. Further, we critically examine Girard's theoretical scheme and come to the conclusion that his theoretical and conceptual framework calls for a revision, if it is to be utilized within the context of sociology and social theory. Consequently, we try to "sociologize" Girard's thinking. First, we position his line of thought into the wider sociological context, and then examine his theory in the light of thinking of two classical sociologists, Gabriel Tarde and Émile Durkheim. We then project this examination into a theoretical and conceptual synthesis on the basis of which we formulate our own conceptual scheme, which is based on the assumption of psychological mimesis as an anthropological constant, and which overcomes the main shortcomings of Girard's theoretical framework. On the basis of this...
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Atheism and belief in the Czech Republic for example of religious life in the city of Kladno
Lapková, Eliška ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (referee) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee)
Religion is culturological terms of great cultural phenomenon that even in Czech, mostly atheistic society completely disappeared. The question of atheism, this work aims in the sense that how the traditional institutional form of religion remains attractive, as far as live and to what extent we continued secularism Czech society understood as a real departure from the individual religious values and spiritual needs of transcendental relationships. The aim is to analyze the way of keeping the faith of believers inside the nucleus, the manner of its expansion into the public and the public reaction atheist, all the empirical example of Kladno. Topic, dramatizujícím relationship atheism and religion in Czech society, are the canon restitution. Working hypothesis on how the transmission of faith, public non-religious activities of churches, public reaction to these activities and the capabilities and activities of churches and religious groups to participate in their own media image. Atheism and belief, the thesis deals on four levels: the first level is the theoretical definitions, the authors summarize that the topic discussed in Czech society, a historical introduction to the situation and the performance of Kladno, which was conducted empirical research. The second level is an overview of the...
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Buddhism as Value Source in the Course of New Identities and Lifestyles Formation in the Czech Republic
Cirklová, Jitka ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee) ; Bělka, Luboš (referee)
The text, which is divided into ten chapters, deals with the form and orientation of the Czech Buddhist community. At the beginning, the thesis presents a short overview of Buddhism interpretations by Western science, culture and society. We present the ways of and reasons for popularization of Buddhism in Western cultural environment and provide the issues which attract attention of professional public and which have been explored within various scientific fields. The paper introduces research into the current Western Buddhism, which is understood as an independent form of Buddhism rather than a direct continuation of Asian Buddhist lines and schools. The dissertation thesis therefore uses the discussions and foreign studies focusing on the mapping of ways of interpretation and application of Buddhist ideas in the Western cultural environment.. Our study endeavours to understand better the dynamics of the domains of current religion and describe them. The field survey concentrated on Buddhist groups as well as individuals. Subsequently, the text evaluates their interaction and the process of forming of a group and an individual. The first stage of research provided us with more complex data on the institutional background formed by Czech Buddhist groups on which the respondents draw. The following second...
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Weak Church? One Attempt of Reneval of the Catholic Parishes in Bohemia
Tichý, Radek ; Kabele, Jiří (advisor) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee) ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis deals with the process in Roman Catholic dioceses in the Czech Republic, which in the first decade of the new century tried to reform the structure of the parishes and renew their religious life. The data gathered during several years of the field research mainly in the Archdiocese of Prague are interpreted using the sociology of space and sociology of organizational change. The successful reform of the structure of parishes and unsuccessful reform of religious life, intended as a goal of the whole process, is explained as caused by so called operational exhaustion of the Church actors, actual isolation of single hierarchical layers and practical unenforceability of the pastoral decisions. The thesis includes also the discussion about the organizational character of the Catholic Church, about the possibilities of comparison of the Czech and French experience, and about the external and internal secularisation of the Czech catholicism.
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