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Legal position of the Order of the Knights from Malta
Závurka, Milan ; Hrdina, Antonín (advisor) ; Buben, Milan (referee)
Milan Závurka - bakalářská práce Právní postavení Suverénního řádu Maltézských rytířů Resumé Řád Maltézských rytířů, resp. řád sv. Jana, má zárodky ve starším bratrstvu italských kupců z Amalfi, kteří kolem roku 1040 založili v Jeruzalémě při kostele sv. Jana Křtitele špitál. Špitál sloužil hlavně poutníkům, kteří putovali k božímu hrobu. Oficiálně se toto bratrstvo osamostatnilo roku 1099 a v roce 1113 papež Paschal II. bullou vložil řád pod přímou ochranu Svatého stolce zároveň s právem svobodné volby velmistrů bez vměšování jakýchkoliv světských nebo církevních autorit. Zakladatelem a prvním velmistrem řádu byl bratr Gérard, který zemřel v roce 1120. Po pádu Jeruzaléma řád přesídlil nejprve do Akkonu, později na Kypr a ještě později na Rhodos. Původní špitální zaměření společenství bylo z důvodu ochrany poutníků a jiných osob proti Turkům rozšířeno i na zaměření vojenské. Svůj současný název řád odvozuje od ostrova Malty, na kterém sídlil až do obsazení ostrova Napoleonem v roce 1798.V současné době je sídlo řádu v Římě. Během tohoto dějinného vývoje se vyvíjela suverenita řádu, která byla uznávaná většinou civilizovaného světa, a to bez ohledu na to, zda řád držel nějaká území či nikoliv. V současné době je nadále řád považován za suverénní. Je sice autonomní součástí katolické církve, ale bez ohledu na...
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Theological and Philosophical Background of the Ecclesiastical Funeral Rites and the Development of Legal Regulation Thereof in View of the Laws of the Czech Republic.
Kotrlý, Tomáš ; Hrdina, Antonín (referee) ; Mrňávek, Tomáš (referee)
The Name of The Thesis Theological and Philosophical Background of the Ecclesiastical Funeral Rites and the Development of Legal Regulation Thereof in View of the Laws of the Czech Republic Anotation The thesis analysed three theoretical levels of finding starting criteria for the decision on the manner of disposal of a dead body and the way of its funeral in historical context: -Professionally institutionalized level, which was focused on satisfactory, swift and quality funeral, very often in the crematorium. -Philosophical and ethical level, which attempted to substantiate rationally moral qualifications of the behaviour of man and ethical obligation to take decision on pious manners of burial and celebration thereof. -Theological and ethical level, which, moreover, used the criteria resulting from moral principles included in the system of religious doctrines and which are the object of the faith of members of a religious community. After summing-up theological and philosophical background, the author commented on three following canon attitudes to the understanding and legal regulation of ecclesiastical funeral rites: Cognitive attitude, which consists in such an understanding of ecclesiastical funeral rites as the source of magisterial practise of the Church for burial of its members. Expressive...
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Freedom in the view of law theology and philosophy
Kolářová, Marie ; Hrdina, Antonín (referee) ; Plavec, Karel (referee)
Resume FREEDOM IN THE VIEW OF LAW THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY The study is focused in the first part on the conception of freedom and divergence between freedom as general term and freedom of choice. Some authors reflect freedom, but they do not specify your conception of freedom. Man's freedom according to Gaudium et spes (17) means: "Authentic freedom is an exceptional sign of the divine image within man." There is the crucial problem: "authentic freedom" - what it means. The study compares conception of freedom by these outstanding theologians: Anselm of Canterbury, S. Augustin, Bernard of Clairvaux, Origenes and Karl Rahner. Accuracy of expressing is necessary for right understanding each other. Transcendental freedom according K. Rahner implies man's freedom as the foundation of human being. Everybody has transcendental freedom, man's dignity is not possible without freedom, otherwise would be man only an instrument destined to certain existence. Freedom of choice arises from transcendental freedom, but it does not imply man's arbitrariness, because everybody has own dignity and freedom, which belongs one person is the limit for each other person. Transcendental freedom is equal by each person contrary to freedom of choice, which is impacted of man's personality and also external circumstances. The study...
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Social work and pastoral care for seniors
Kalvodová, Eva ; Opatrný, Aleš (advisor) ; Hrdina, Antonín (referee)
My diploma work presents a view of the old, the needs of individuals in old age, difficulties that age brings with it. At the same time seeks to outline the life of senior and care of him in terms of social health and pastoral and not separates these two views, but the perception of their interconnectedness and irreplaceable. Keywords: senior, social care, pastoral care, social work care
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The conditions of entering into marriage in comparison of the canonic law with the family law in the Czech Rebublic
Kotlář, Václav ; Kolářová, Marie (advisor) ; Hrdina, Antonín (referee)
Anglická anotace This thesis deals with the marriage law. Its aim is to study an approach to the institute of marriage from the point of view of the canon law in Roman Catholic Church in contrast to the family law in the Czeh Republic in focus on the conditions which are important for entering into marriage. In the first instance the thesis concerns with the specification of marriage in both branches of law, then the aims and effects of marriage, the form of entering into marriage, the suitable subjects for marriage including the subjects that have the right to marry somebody and also the issue of validity of marriage. Key word: marriage, validity, canon law, marriage law, conditions
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The Funeral and the Cemetery in the Legislation of the Code of Canon Law in View of the Laws of the Czech Republic
Kotrlý, Tomáš ; Hrdina, Antonín (advisor) ; Opatrný, Aleš (referee) ; Knoll, Vilém (referee)
The dissertation thesis analyses legal guarantees of the respect for human mortal remains and human remains in Canon laws, including the protection of places where they are sepulchred or deposited, i. e. cemeteries in particular, in the course of history in view of secular laws in the Czech lands. It further deals with the Canon legal aspects of ecclesiastical funeral rites. In the Church the rites are understood as a sacramental and through the symbolic meaning thereof they point at Christian hope for resurrection with Christ. Primarily the deceased Catholics, including those who have had serious legal pastoral problems in the course of their lives have got the right to ecclesiastical funeral rites, where they have shown certain signs of penitence prior to their death. The office of Christian funeral rites consists in the accomplishment of the current community of the bereaved with the deceased and strengthening of the hope for the reunion in resurrection. Thanks to Christian faith in resurrection, traditional funeral rituals of pagan nations have transformed in voicing the hope for the eternal life.
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