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Potential of mesenchymal stem cells and nanoparticles in the treatment of retinal disorders
Kettner, Ondřej ; Heřmánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Filová, Eva (referee)
Retinal degenerative diseases are recognized worldwide as one of the predominant causes underlying irreversible visual impairment and even blindness. The current standard treatment has helped in both the prevention and supportive treatment of several pathologies, especially if they relate to the retina. However, many of these methods are rather invasive in terms of procedure with the subsequent possibility of infection, inflammation or even retinal detachment with the potential risk of vision loss. These restrictions represent a significant cost to patients' quality of life and also have an economic impact on the healthcare system, so new treatment options are being sought. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell therapy tool for the treatment of many previously untreatable defects and diseases. In addition to MSCs, the use of nanoparticles and nanofibrous carriers is currently being studied in the diagnosis and therapy of retinal diseases. Combining the immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of MSCs and nanotechnologies offers a promising therapeutic strategy for a number of diseases. This thesis is therefore devoted to the current state of the use of nanomaterials, MSCs and their combination that may provide new opportunities in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.
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Prevalence and severity of sexual dysfunctions in patients with selected rheumatic diseases and the effect of specialized physiotherapeutic intervention on the sexual health of these patients
Heřmánková, Barbora ; Tomčík, Michal (advisor) ; Horák, Pavel (referee) ; Suchý, David (referee)
Introduction: Rare rheumatic diseases, such as systemic sclerosis (SSc) and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), are severe autoimmune diseases characterized by multiorgan involvement and often significant functional impairment that are chronic and progressive in nature. Severe clinical manifestations of SSc and IIM are often associated with significant deterioration of all aspects of quality of life, including sexual function. Only a low number of studies have addressed sexual health in patients with SSc and IIM, which are limited by small sample size, the use of non-standardized scales, or poor methodological quality. In addition, none of the studies evaluated pelvic floor function and its relationship to sexual function in patients with these diseases. Objectives: The aim of this work was a cross-sectional evaluation of the prevalence and severity of sexual dysfunction and pelvic floor dysfunction in women and men with SSc and IIM compared to sex-/age-matched healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the association between sexual dysfunction/pelvic floor dysfunction and disease-related features. Finally, our goal within the pilot project was to evaluate the effect of an 8-week physiotherapy program on sexual function in women with SSc and IIM. Methods: This work consists of...
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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after hemorrhagic stroke resulting left-sided hemiparesis
Kalousek, Filip ; Heřmánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
Title: A case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after hemorrhagic stroke resulting in left-sided hemiparesis Objective: To analyze and compile theoretical information regarding intrarcranial hemorrhaging, to clarify the etiology of this disease and different forms of manifestation in the clinical environment. To demonstrate my skills within the range of knowledge acquired during the bachelor's study of physiotherapy, which includes: the ability to communicate with the patient, patient examination, and put together a therapeutic plan based on that examination that will be practically applied during therapeutic intervention. Method: This work consists of two main parts. General part and practical part. The general part contains the etiology and theoretical knowledge related to the issue of intracranial hemorrhage, describes the anatomical structures of the vascular supply to the brain, possible variants and stages of this disease, clinical symptoms and related complications. Last but not least, it deals with possible therapeutic approaches that can be applied to a patient with this disability. The practical part deals with the case report of a long-term hospitalized patient after a hemorrhagic stroke resulting in left-sided hemiparesis, with whom I have worked in the hospital in Brandýs...
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Immunomodulatory and regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of degenerative retinal disorders in mice
Palacká, Kateřina ; Heřmánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Grobárová, Valéria (referee)
Retinal degenerative disease are the leading cause of vision loss in adult patients. Important role in the development of these types of disease play gradual death of retinal cells and an inflammatory reaction that leads to the production of cytokines, formation of inflamasome, increased angiogenesis and scar formation. These pathologies result in irreversible degeneration of retinal cells. Retinal pigmenetd epithelium cells, photoreceptors and ganglion cells are the most frequently damaged cell types in this conditions. The available treatments are currently very limited and effective only at the early stages of the disease. Therefore, the use of stem cell- based therapy could be a promising option. For therapeutic purposes it would be possible to use mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which may be isolated for example from bone marrow or adipose tissue. MSCs are capable of production of neuroprotective factors, differentiation into the variety of cells types and regulation of immune response. In this study we tested the therapeutic potential of MSC administered locally to the damaged retina in an experimental model of retinal degeneration. We focused on the protective effect of MSCs on photoreceptor cells, regulation of the local immune response and expression of genes for cytokines involved in...
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Protective education in educational institutions in the Czech Republic
Heřmánková, Barbora ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This diploma thesis describes the current state of legal regulation and implementation of protective education in the Czech Republic. The first part contains the theoretical background of the whole work and deals with the terminological apparatus. It also contains psychological aspects of juvenile delinquency and history of criminal responsibility of children and adolescents in the Czech Republic. The second part contains the valid legislation of this particular with an accent on the issue of protective education. The third part describes current practice in institutional and protective education, with particular emphasis on placement and transfer of children and adolescents to individual facilities, which it specifies. Part Four examines the current aplicable rules in realization of protective education within a specific set of facilities and the legal regulations of juvenile delinquency in Slovakia. The fifth part describes the changes brought about by the new system of private law and the current proposals for changing the whole system of institutional education of children and youth. The seventh part contains a research, in which a representative sample of professional public from various types of institutions was approached and the research is aimed at gaining knowledge about the practice of...
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Immunomodulatory mechanisms of stem cells and their use for therapy of ocular disorders
Heřmánková, Barbora ; Holáň, Vladimír (advisor) ; Heissigerová, Jarmila (referee) ; Indrová, Marie (referee)
Stem cell-based therapy represents a perspective approach for the treatment of many so far incurable diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are currently the most studied stem cells. They are able to differentiate into different cell types, to produce growth and trophic factors and can suppress the functions of cells of the immune system. During the study of the immunomodulatory properties of MSC, we focused on their effect on B cells. The mechanism of impact of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) on MSC and their effect on the production of interleukin 10 (IL-10) by B cells was analysed. We have demonstrated that MSC-treated with IFN-γ inhibit production of IL-10 by activated B cells via the cyclooxygenase-2 involving pathway. Due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, MSC can be for treatment of many diseases. In this study we focused on the disease and damage of the eye. The limbal stem cells (LSC) are used for the treatment of damaged ocular surface, however their isolation is difficult and they can not be used in all cases of damage. Appropriate candidates in these cases are MSC. Therefore we have decided to compare the therapeutic potential of LSC and MSC isolated from bone marrow or adipose tissue. The study have shown that MSC isolated from bone marrow have a similar regenerative effect on...
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The case study of physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after acute respiratory failure caused by Legionella pneumonia
Dvorská, Veronika ; Heřmánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Charvát, Robert (referee)
Title: The case study of physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after acute respiratory failure caused by Legionella pneumonia. Objectives: This work aimed to summarize general pieces of information about the respiratory system, Legionella pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure and perform a case study of a patient with this condition. Methods: This thesis is divided into general and practical parts. The general part covers anatomical, physiological, and pathophysiological facts about the respiratory system, issues associated with Legionella pneumonia and acute respiratory failure, as well as physiotherapeutic methods used to treat patients with this condition. The practical part is a case study of a patient who experienced acute respiratory failure cause by Legionella pneumophila. All physiotherapy methods used were regularly recorded. The case study was carried out during a 4-week internship at the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine between January and February 2021. Results: At the beginning of the treatment, the patient was in a medically induced coma connected to breathing assistance. However, his condition soon began to improve. The most significant results were achieved in terms of mobility and physical ability of the patient. Furthermore, the muscle strength and the...
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Immunomodulatory mechanisms of stem cells and their use for therapy of ocular disorders
Heřmánková, Barbora
Stem cell-based therapy represents a perspective approach for the treatment of many so far incurable diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are currently the most studied stem cells. They are able to differentiate into different cell types, to produce growth and trophic factors and can suppress the functions of cells of the immune system. During the study of the immunomodulatory properties of MSC, we focused on their effect on B cells. The mechanism of impact of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) on MSC and their effect on the production of interleukin 10 (IL-10) by B cells was analysed. We have demonstrated that MSC-treated with IFN-γ inhibit production of IL-10 by activated B cells via the cyclooxygenase-2 involving pathway. Due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, MSC can be for treatment of many diseases. In this study we focused on the disease and damage of the eye. The limbal stem cells (LSC) are used for the treatment of damaged ocular surface, however their isolation is difficult and they can not be used in all cases of damage. Appropriate candidates in these cases are MSC. Therefore we have decided to compare the therapeutic potential of LSC and MSC isolated from bone marrow or adipose tissue. The study have shown that MSC isolated from bone marrow have a similar regenerative effect on...
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The effect of aerobic training in patients with systemic sclerosis - literature review
Játiová, Lenka ; Špiritović, Maja (advisor) ; Heřmánková, Barbora (referee)
Title: The effect of aerobic training in patients with systemic sclerosis - literature review Objective: Main aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the effect of aerobic training in individuals with systemic sclerosis, to assess whether aerobic training has an impact on quality of life of these patients, and find out which methods are used to assess aerobic fitness in these individuals. Furthermore, the work is focused on summarizing the existing knowledge about the disease itself. Methodics: Thesis is written in the form of a systematic review according to the specified methodological parameters. Results: Studies have shown that aerobic training or aerobic training in combination with resistant training has a positive effect on the aerobic capacity of individuals with systemic scleroderma, the trend to improve quality of life was found in all studies and the methods used to determine aerobic fitness in all studies were cardiopulmonary stress tests. In the case of three studies, a six-minute walk test was also evaluated, the results of which were determined in two studies as the primary values for determining the effectiveness of training. Keywords: systemic sclerosis, scleroderma, physical exercise, aerobic exercise, aerobic training
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Immunomodulatory and regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of degenerative retinal disorders in mice
Palacká, Kateřina ; Heřmánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Grobárová, Valéria (referee)
Retinal degenerative disease are the leading cause of vision loss in adult patients. Important role in the development of these types of disease play gradual death of retinal cells and an inflammatory reaction that leads to the production of cytokines, formation of inflamasome, increased angiogenesis and scar formation. These pathologies result in irreversible degeneration of retinal cells. Retinal pigmenetd epithelium cells, photoreceptors and ganglion cells are the most frequently damaged cell types in this conditions. The available treatments are currently very limited and effective only at the early stages of the disease. Therefore, the use of stem cell- based therapy could be a promising option. For therapeutic purposes it would be possible to use mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which may be isolated for example from bone marrow or adipose tissue. MSCs are capable of production of neuroprotective factors, differentiation into the variety of cells types and regulation of immune response. In this study we tested the therapeutic potential of MSC administered locally to the damaged retina in an experimental model of retinal degeneration. We focused on the protective effect of MSCs on photoreceptor cells, regulation of the local immune response and expression of genes for cytokines involved in...
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