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A methodology for assessing the impact of cattle grazing on soil properties, water quality and quantity, plant and invertebrates diversity
Fučík, P. ; Zemek, František ; Hakrová, P. ; Svobodová, M. ; Zajíček, A. ; Šlachta, M. ; Pikl, Miroslav ; Duffková, R. ; Mrkvička, J. ; Bystřický, V. ; Procházka, J. ; Skalický, M. ; Holubík, O. ; Moravcová, J. ; Novotný, Jan ; Skalická, J. ; Peterková, J. ; Musil, M. ; Šantrůček, J. ; Matoušková, V. ; Brom, J. ; Hanuš, Jan ; Novotná, K. ; Huislová, P.
This methodology introduces the approaches for assessment of soil, water, plant, forage and invertebrates characteristics of pastures as influenced by cattle grazing. These parameters are necessary to observe and evaluate in order to set the optimal grazing management of pastures for support of the sustainable land use and for mitigating the negative impacts of agriculture on the environment. Moreover, the proper management of pastures enables to improve livestock welfare, market challenges of foods, and strenghten and diversify various activities in rural areas. For the assessment of grazing-induced changes of aforementioned parameters, the focus is oriented towards different pasture geomorphological / hillslope zones, where grazing may exhibit in a distinct manner. The approaches are postponed based on literature survey as well as on knowledge acquired during a multi-branch research project. The methodology shows the principles for monitoring and evaluation of parameters regarding soil physics and chemistry, water quality and quantity, plant diversity and forage quality and ecology of selected invertebrate species. Beside this, approaches for application and interpretation of remote sensing methods and tools for detecting the changes in plant and soil pasture characteristics are introduced and discussed. The methodics is targeted on one hand for specialist from state administration offices (Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of the Environment) as a background for evaluation of the effectiveness of subsidy programmes focused on grazing management. On the other hand, the approaches described in the methodics can serve the experts for an integrated assessment of grazing management on various pasture parameters or on the environment. The novelty of the methodics lies in the multi-level approach, which enables to assess the pasture parameters both individually or jointly, according to their mutual interrelatons and possible driving factors.
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Polkovice-2014
Hanuš, Jan
Summary Research Report Polkovice-2014 describes acquisition, pre-processing and evaluation of airborne hyperspectral data acquired within campaign 9.6. a 8.9.2014. Report evaluates data quality and its usability for given purpose
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Vír-2014
Hanuš, Jan
Summary Research Report Vír-2014 describes acquisition, pre-processing and evaluation of airborne hyperspectral data acquired within campaign 8.9.2013. Report evaluates data quality and its usability for given purpose.
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Measurements and the use of spectral reflectance of solar radiation from surface water levels
Vinciková, H. ; Pechar, L. ; Hanuš, Jan
The methodology describes measurement of spectral reflectance from the surface of water bodies and application of the measured reflectance in assessment and monitoring of water quality especially in terms of the range of eutrophication and development of water blooms. The aim of the suggested methodology is to provide an effective tool for a rapid screening of water quality situation in the Czech Republic, including relatively large areas, and therefore from more water bodies at once. This method using remote sensing allows to gather lot of data on water quality without time-consuming and overall more expensive field sampling and laboratory analysis.
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Potentials of the hyperspectral remote sensing - Aisa Eagle system and future perspectives
Lukeš, Petr ; Hanuš, Jan ; Kaplan, Věroslav ; Zemek, František
Since 2004 the Global Change Research Centre (CVGZ) operates a hyperspectral airborne imaging system AISA Eagle. A basic introduction to hyperspectral remote sensing and its potential applications in science as well as for commercial and military uses are presented, followed by a description of the system together with an overview of the key data pre-processing steps. The application of a rapidly developing technology, hyperspectral remote sensing, is presented within the field of quantitative remote sensing of plant health status. Finally, the future development of hyperspectral remote sensing at the CVGZ is outlined.
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Individual tree crowns delineation using local maxima approach and seeded region growing technique
Novotný, Jan ; Hanuš, Jan ; Lukeš, Petr ; Kaplan, Věroslav
Remote sensing applications in forestry can profit from a rapid development of optical sensors. Applied algorithms should be suited to the new properties of the data (very high resolution and wide spectral range). Segmentation of the image into objects is an important task in forestry applications of optical remote sensing. Segmentation of individual tree crowns involves two parts — detection and delineation phase. Local maxima approach and seeded region growing technique are presented as the key concepts. Furthermore improvements, namely histogram equalization and Voronoi diagram, are incorporated. Two datasets were processed and results of the segmentation are presented. Hyperspectral data with spatial resolution of 0.8m were found as a suitable for segmentation process with 84% and 78% accuracy of detection phase and 64% and 52% accuracy in delineation phase respectively. Finally discussion of recommended settings in the algorithm is presented.
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Potentials of the VNIR airborne hyperspectral system AISA Eagle
Hanuš, Jan ; Malenovský, Zbyněk ; Homolová, Lucie ; Kaplan, Věroslav ; Cudlín, Pavel ; Lukeš, Petr
Airborne hyperspectral remote sensing (imaging spectroscopy) sensors acquire images of several (from tens to hundreds) narrow spectral bands in visible, near and short infrared wavelengths. Use of hyperspectral remote sensing (RS) data in scientific and even commercial applications is quite broad, starting from agriculture, forestry, and natural vegetation (precision farming, assessment of general plant status, biomass estimation, species composition mapping), through geology (mapping of minerals, land degradation assessment), up to limnology (water quality evaluation), and other domains. Since 2004 the Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology (ISBE) (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) has been operating the VNIR airborne hyperspectral sensor AISA Eagle. The workgroup for remote sensing of vegetation at ISBE is currently capable to facilitate the complete flight/ground hyperspectral campaign including the standard image data pre-processing.
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Possibilities of use subsidies from the European regional development fund and the Cohesion fund for transport infrastructure in region (Zlínský).
Hanuš, Jan ; Wokoun, René (advisor) ; Pova, Patrik (referee)
At the beginning of the thesis I'm focusing on global aspect of subsidies and transportation. These two items play important role in economic integration processes. I'm explaining their importance in context which is not well known. Further there is a description of EU transport policy. After that I'm researching the relation of transport infrastructure among macroeconomics and environment at EU-27 level. In the middle of the thesis there is the analysis of subsidies possibilities for Czech Republic after joining the EU till present. I'm also describing the transport infrastructure of Zlín Region to analyze the way of invested subsidies to transport infrastructure. In the main part of thesis there is the analysis of used subsidies according to operational programmes with an aim at efficiency among NUTS 3 regions with summarizing conclusion. In the end of thesis I'm describing specific projects with regional and international impact. There is the explanation of necessity of these projects, programming connection with operational program, the composition of building structure, area of influence, impact on local economics and environment, financial aspects and traffic usage.
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