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Trotskyism in the Czech Republic with Emphasis on Development since 2000
Štorkánová, Lucie ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Kučera, Jan (referee)
The submitted thesis deals with the issue of left-wing extremism, especially the development of Trotskyist groups in the territory of Czechoslovakia, later the Czech Republic between the years 1989 - 2014. In the first part of the thesis, the background of Trotskyism thought is introduced as an ideology which is the result of a long-standing conflict between Trotsky and Stalin that was primarily concerned with direction, leadership and the nature of the Soviet Union. The main topics of Trotskyism as the intellectual movement are defined on the base of the analysis of several major writings by L. D. Trotsky. The second part is devoted to the analysis of a number of Trotskyist organizations that are acting or have acted in the Czech environment. In total, four groups from the Czech environment can be identified as Trotskyist. These are the following entities: "Budoucnost" ("Socialist Alternative Future"), "Socialistická solidarita" ("Socialist Solidarity"), "Socialistická organizace pracujících" ("Socialist Organization of Working People"), and "Nová antikapitalistická levice/Levá perspektiva" ("New Anti- Capitalist Left/Left Perspective"). This thesis is an analysis of the development of these groups, of their requirements and program principles, and of the events which these groups participated in during...
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Penetration of extreme left and extreme right-wing groups with hard core fans of football clubs Bohemians 1905, Slavia Prague and Sparta Prague
Dytrych, Martin ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The Diploma thesis focuses on examination of real interconnection between political extremism and hardcore fans of Bohemians 1905, Slavie Praha and Sparta Praha. The research itself is therefore concentrated primarily on people associated with political extremism and their relation to groups of ultras and hooligans and furthermore their influence on these groups. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces theory of political extremism, typology groups of people attending football games, their development and the reasons of their politicization. The analytical part elaborates particulary the different Prague football clubs and their fans. Part of the data is applied from fourteen half-structured interviews with ultras and hooligans representatives of these clubs. The goal of the thesis is to clarify the real scale of interconnection between political activists and hardcore fans on the one hand, and on the other hand to point out and explain the attempts of political extremist to penetrace into this enviroment and assess the degree of their success.
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Tea Party Movement
Herout, Jakub ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
Political system of the United states of America is considered to be a characteristic example of a two- party system. This study will not try to analyse the American two-party system in general, but will go in depth in analysing the importace of the Tea Party movement in this political system. Tea Party is considered to be a conservative right-wing movement which expresses its opinions in various areas and issues such as high taxes, high government debt, government's steps in health care, and so on. These, among Tea Party activists generally shared beliefs, have a purpose in the very philosophical basis of the movement. The study will try to find the this purpose, especially in connection with activists' social roots, movement's structure, and its field of work. Activists clustered in the Tea Party movement share a common ideology, which is based on belief that the federal government should have less power. This study will also cover many different areas in which the movement is active. Tea Party movement, operating throughout the whole United States, is going through the fragmentation process because its short history and different positions within the movement in the matter of how to incorporate the movement in the American political system. Tea Party Movement is a nationwide phenomenon, however, the...
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The rise of right-wing parties in Europe - progress of the French party National Front
Šutka, Pavel ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with progress of the French party National Front. During thirty years of its existence this party became from insignificant formation one of the basic component of French political system. The aim of this thesis is to find reasons of this breakthrough and subsequent stabilization in French political spectrum. In the first part of the thesis is analyzed progress of the party from its establishment in 1972 to present. The emphasis was especially put on the most important events, results of votes etc. which shaped and formed this party till its present form. The next part of the thesis describes changes of development of program of the National Front. There are analyzed themes such as economic growth of the party, immigration and anti-Semitism separately. In each of these topics is explored their progress from first years of existence of the party until present. At the end of each section is mentioned the situation after the time when Marine Le Pen became leader of the National Front in 2011. It is because of the fact that this change of chairman means one of the crucial moments of National Form's existence. For better understanding, how the party works, last two chapters deal with undemocratic elements of National Front and area of its government sphere of activity.
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Antifascist action: Ideology and evolution in 1996-2012
Fiala, Michael ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The thesis titled Antifascist Antifascist action: Ideology and evolution in 1996-2012 aims primarily to chart the historical and ideological development of Antifascist Action (AFA), a radically Czech anti-fascist organization. Thesis also aims to capture the most important moments and changes in the development of this organization since its formation to the present, with emphasis on other sub-questions the thesis places: defining methods of AFA struggle, AFA definition of the current status and the past, searching for causes of development cycles, access explanation for violence or just clarification of terminology. Because of the absence of broader and more complete sources the author came to the study of archival journals, analysis of different anarchist materials and the use of several interviews. In the end the thesis describes the overall history of AFA and creates conclusion that AFA is in its current development dynamic organization, which experienced its period of stagnation and at least two booms that have a direct connection with the development on the far-right scene. It also explains the change in the programm and the strategy of AFA.
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Ideologization and fragmentation of Skinhead subculture
Novotný, Jaroslav ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The master thesis titled Ideologization and fragmentation of Skinhead subculture deals with historical background of Skinhead subculture genesis and with cleavages, that determinated its ideologization and fragmentation. Simultaneously it pays close attention to analysis of various branches of the Skinhead subculture. The first chapter of the thesis builds theoretical foundations of the research. In this chapter the terms culture, subculture and counterculture are explained. Accentutation is placed on common denominators as well as on differences in the definition of these terms. The second chapter of the master thesis deals equally with historical background of Skinhead subculture genesis and with subcultures with a significant impact on the formation of the Skinhead subculture. In this chapter the attention is focused on historical facts of political development in Great Britain after The Second World War, on subcultures popular at that time and on foundation of the Skinhead subculture. The third chapter of this thesis analyzes infiltration of the political ideologies inside the subculture and the following fragmentation of Skinheads. Research in this chapter is focused on the spread of extreme right-wing elements, foundation of the racist branch of the subculture and sequentially on the reaction...
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Czechoslovak Anarchist Federation
Linhartová, Lucie ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
The theme of this thesis is the Czechoslovak Anarchist Federation (CSAF), specifically its development, the transformation it has undergone during its existence and what position the CSAF holds today. The CSAF was founded in 1995 (its original name was the Czech Anarchist Federation) and it is the longest active anarchist organization in modern Czech history. The aim of this thesis is to capture the transformation of the CSAF based on the examination of their themes and activities, through which we can see how it has progressed and what specific developments have undergone. The aim of this thesis is to therefore answer the following questions: What specific developments have occurred within the CSAF? What changes have arisen within it, both in individual themes and within the membership? How has its position changed over the years and what is the position of the CSAF today? The thesis will in part be based on specialized publications, which are necessary for the theoretical definition of anarchism, but mostly will come from journals, which the CSAF has previously published and continues to publish today as well as information from their website. Finally, personal research conducted based on further exploratory evidence will be used in the analysis and evaluation of this thesis.
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Workers party (of social justice)
Firerová, Lucie ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This thesis deals with the development and position of the far-right Workers Party (DS) and the Workers Party of Social Justice (DSSS) in the political system of the Czech Republic. The work also includes a theoretical part, dealing with different views on extremism and radicalism. Also discussed is the position of the far-right parties in Central and Western Europe. The main goal is to capture the roots of the Workers 'Party, but also action and ideological bases its successor the Workers Party of Social Justice. Emphasis is placed on the presentation of the party and demonstrations. They are namely the main way to reach supporters. The thesis also analyzes the election results of DS (DSSS) and try to include the party in the Czech party system according to the theory of Giovanni Sartori. There is also a description of the organizational structure of the party and its affiliated organizations. The last chapter discusses the symbolism and iconography of the party.
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People's Association - Golden Dawn: The Rise of the Greek Far-right in the Time of Crisis
Karasová, Nikola ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Králová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis is concentrating on the rise of the far-right in Greece during the global financial crisis. Specifically it focuses on the political party named Golden Dawn which is present in the Greek party system since the beginning of the 1980's, yet it did not gain positive electoral results earlier than in 2010. Based on primary and secondary sources, including the materials of the party, this thesis analyzes the ideological foundations and practical politics of Golden Dawn with the aim to classify it, to find the causes of its recent political success and to present it in the context of Greek and European far-right. It answers the question what the position of Golden Dawn is on the Greek political scene or on the international far-right scene, secondly what specifics and characteristic features it has in comparison to other far-right formations in Greece and in Europe.
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The current czech nationalism in extreme right
Bauer, David ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Aim of the thesis is to describe and analyse the role of nationalism in contemporary Czech extreme right movements. Its author has two fundamental objectives. The first is to evaluate strength and relevance of contemporary Czech nationalism within extreme right movements. The second objective consists in the analysis of nationalism itself, which should reveal the true nature of these organizations and their ideological platform. This thesis presents an overview of Czech extreme right spectrum. It was essential to select movements that mutually differ and therefore represent various manifestations of Czech right extremism. All three platforms can be classified as extreme right movements strongly resonating with Czech nationalism. They see themselves as patriots who defend conservative values and national traditions. Revue of The National Idea represents an attempt to create a sophisticated, intellectual forum providing conditions for ultra-right views and ideas. D.O.S.T. movement acts as a conservative "people's initiative", standing against multiculturalism and the European Union. The National Party is then an example of extreme political grouping with traces of populism, xenophobia and pure racism. Content analysis of these three movements is the main topic of the thesis. Examining their goals,...
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