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Development of the Electronic Test of Memory for the Elderly
Krejčová, Marie ; Krámská, Lenka (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee)
Self-administered electronic tests for memory are a modern approach. They can help the elderly gain insight into their memory status and recommend an examination by a specialist. The topic of the master thesis is the development of an electronic memory test for the elderly. The existing electronic tests of memory are described in the theoretical part. The research project consists of two parts. In the first phase of the project, an electronic test of memory was created. The psychometric properties of this test were determined in the second phase of the project on 108 people over the age of 55. A total of 74 persons were examined by selected neuropsychological tests to determine the correlation between the scores of the created electronic test and the scores of neuropsychological tests. From this group, 45 people with normal cognitive function were selected to match the socio-demographic characteristics of a group of 34 patients with mild disability of cognitive function. The reason was to be able to compare the results of the electronic test between these two groups. The overall score of the created electronic test, which is the sum of scores from its individual parts, differs significantly between healthy people and patients. The overall score of the electronic test is statistically significantly...
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Psychometric characteristics of Subjective cognitive changes questionnaire in the elderly at the risk of developing dementia syndrome
Zuntychová, Terezie ; Horáková, Hana (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) in the elderly as one of the very early cognitive markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The literature review section maps cognitive impairment in the old age and complements it with an overview of successful cognitive ageing, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and relevant neurobiological correlates. It also describes the knowledge about the variety of causes of SCD, their assessment and the terminology used. This is followed by quantitative research (n = 211) that elaborates selected psychometric characteristics of the newly constructed Subjective Cognitive Changes Questionnaire (SCC-Q). The research population included patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI; n = 88), SCD (n = 88), and cognitively normal volunteers (n = 35). Based on the statistical analyses performed, high item reliability was verified, a four- component solution of the SCC-Q structure was adopted, and support for convergent validity of three of the four components was subsequently found. Thus, the SCC-Q has the potential to become a useful method for clinical practice. The thesis further discusses follow-up procedures to validate the SCC-Q to identify individuals at risk of developing cognitive deficits. Keywords Subjective cognitive...
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Cognitive and psychosocial sequelae following hypoxic brain injury.
Dostálová, Veronika ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šonka, Karel (referee) ; Feketeová, Eva (referee)
Cognitive and psychosocial sequelae following hypoxic brain injury Abstract in English Hypoxic brain injury leads to neuronal necrosis and to other cerebral changes which may affect psychosocial functioning. Although the pathophysiology of cerebral hypoxia is multifactorial, and it is not possible to reliably describe the unified clinical picture of hypoxia patients, the most commonly described psychosocial consequences of cerebral hypoxia are cognitive impairment, increased anxiety and depressive symptoms. The aim of the present study is to characterize cognitive functioning and psychosocial changes of the patients exposing mild intermittent cerebral hypoxia (=chronic form of hypoxia, model of obstructive sleep apnea diagnosed by neurologist) and patients after severe one-time cerebral hypoxia (=acute form of hypoxia, model of cardiac arrest diagnosed by cardiologist). Regardless of the different etiology of particular hypoxia forms described in the theoretical part of the thesis, both forms may lead to neuronal death. In the experimental part we test a hypothesis comparing healthy individuals to patients with acute or chronic form of hypoxia in cognitive performance or anxiety and depressive symptoms. We document a decreased cognitive performance and higher level of state anxiety in a group of patients...
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Validation of the screening method Emotion Thermometers in chronic pain patients
Macko, Tomáš ; Raudenská, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee)
The primary goal of this work is to validate the visual analog screening scale Emotion Thermometer (ET) in patients with chronic non-cancer lower back pain. In addition, the work aimed to verify the presumed relationships of clinically significant anxiety, its related concepts and depression with chronic pain and to explore which factors predict decrease in level of function and presence of psychiatric diagnosis according to MINI in patients with chronic pain. In the first chapter, the theoretical part of the thesis deals with the description of the ET tool and a systematic overview of validation and empirical studies. The second chapter focuses on mapping the relationships between stable affective components of ET (distress, anxiety, depression, anger) and chronic pain. The empirical part of the work has a quantitative design and is realized in the form of observational analytical cross-sectional study, in which two hundred and eighty-one patients hospitalized at the Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine of the 2nd Faculty of Medicine at Charles University and at the University Hospital in Motol participated. Participants of the study underwent a clinical examination in the form of an interview and a questionnaire survey. 16 % of the participants met the MINI criteria for major...
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Cognitive screening tests and their potential to detect cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases
Fendrych Mazancová, Adéla ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hladká, Adéla (referee) ; Hajdúk, Michal (referee)
Screening of global cognitive performance is of great importance in the detection of early cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast to complex neuropsychological assessment, cognitive screening tests offer some advantages as saving time or finance and administration of screening tests makes lower demands on clinicians. Validation of cognitive screening tests for specific diagnostic groups of patients is necessary as well as Czech normative studies that enable an objective evaluation of the cognitive performance of Czech patients. In the theoretical part, we presented the syndrome of mild cognitive impairment as a pre-dementia state in neurodegenerative diseases. We focused on the assessment of mild cognitive impairment and using five different cognitive screening tests (Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Dementia Rating Scale 2. edition, Frontal Assessment Battery, Clock Drawing Test) in the detection of cognitive impairment. Then we focused on Parkinson's disease (PD), especially on the evolution of different stages of cognitive deficit in PD and their detection by cognitive assessments. The empirical research included studies analyzing the potential of the five cognitive screening tests to detect mild cognitive impairment. We provided results...
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Neurocognitive profiles from relatives of patients with psychotic illness
Voráčková, Veronika ; Mohr, Pavel (advisor) ; Libiger, Jan (referee) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee)
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that significantly impairs patients' lives. Problems with returning to normal functioning, such as self-reliance, social life, academic or work performance are largely due to severity of one of the major symptoms, cognitive deficit. Some neurocognitive changes can be observed in most of the patients; however, the form of deficit varies greatly. It can be a mild reduction in performance or a global deficit affecting wide range of routine daily activities. Research showed that cognitive deficit can be clearly found even in prodromal phase and often persists beyond acute phase. Early detection of psychotic symptoms and timely intervention can mitigate negative impact of full-blown illness. Despite the growing amount of information on genetic or environmental risks, etiology of schizophrenia remains still poorly understood. Currently, the focus is on endophenotypes, i.e., heritable traits associated with an illness. Research is interested on high-risk groups, either individuals with attenuated psychotic symptoms or relatives of patients with the same genetic background. High-risk individuals are also siblings who share not only genes, but also family and socioeconomic background. The results of studies examining cognitive deficit in schizophrenia remain very...
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Depression, anxiety and quality of life in adult patients after burn injury
Sedláčková, Thea ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesisfocuseson the issue of depression,anxiety and quality of life in adult patients after burn trauma. The literature review section presents current scientific studies that apply to the diagnosis,prevalence,treatmentand selectedrisk factorsfordepressionand anxiety in this patient population. This part of the thesis also deals with the definition and methodsof assessing the quality of life in patients with burns, including factors that may affect the subjectively perceived quality of life in this population. The empirical part aims to identify patients with MDE and GAD according to M.I.N.I. and to examine risk factors not only for these mental disorders but also for reduced quality of life. Furthermore, the research focuses on the validation of the visual analog screening method of Emotional Thermometers in patients after burn trauma. A total of 292 hospitalized patients with burns participated in the study, of which 27 (9 %) met the diagnostic criteria for MDE (current, past, recurrent). 10 patients (3.5 %) met the diagnostic criteria of GAD. Statistically significant predictors of MDE are: antidepressant use and surprisingly a lower extent of burns. The use of antidepressants and unexpectedly a less frequent occurrence of burns in visible places of body (head, neck, upper limbs)...
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Cognitive profile of the patients after burn trauma
Slováková, Michaela ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is the cognitive profile of patients after burn trauma. The literature review section is focused on the description of basic knowledge about the burn trauma and current findings of the cognitive profile in the population of burn patients. The final chapter of the theoretical part deals with possible causes of cognitive deficit and possibilities of cognitive rehabilitation. The empirical part of the thesis is devoted to the proposed quantitative research, which aims to describe the cognitive profile of patients after the burn trauma. Keywords Burns, burn trauma, cognitive functions, cognitive profile, cognitive impairment
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Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease
Bezdíček, Ondřej ; Růžička, Evžen (advisor) ; Papežová, Hana (referee) ; Hort, Jakub (referee)
Cognitive impairment is considered as essential feature of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is a result of underlying pathological processes in the brain of PD patients and it leads to decreased quality of life. In this thesis an analysis of the structure and profile of cognitive impairment is presented with special emphasis on executive functions and memory. We take diagnostic entities developed for the description of PD cognitive spectrum such as mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and dementia (PD-D) as examples of heterogeneity and different severity of cognitive impairment in PD. However, neuropsychological methods in Czech version that would measure these diagnotic units were not adequatly validated. In the experimental part we test a hypothesis, if gait disorder with falls in PD is interconnected with cognitive impairment, and if PD-fallers have more severe cognitive deficit than PD-non-fallers. On the basis of nine validity or normative data studies we show psychometric properties and clinical utility of several basic neuropsychological methods in the Czech population for memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition, Memory For Intentions Screening Test and Enhanced Cued Recall Test), sustained attention and executive functions...
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Cognitive and psychosocial sequelae following hypoxic brain injury.
Dostálová, Veronika ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šonka, Karel (referee) ; Feketeová, Eva (referee)
Cognitive and psychosocial sequelae following hypoxic brain injury Abstract in English Hypoxic brain injury leads to neuronal necrosis and to other cerebral changes which may affect psychosocial functioning. Although the pathophysiology of cerebral hypoxia is multifactorial, and it is not possible to reliably describe the unified clinical picture of hypoxia patients, the most commonly described psychosocial consequences of cerebral hypoxia are cognitive impairment, increased anxiety and depressive symptoms. The aim of the present study is to characterize cognitive functioning and psychosocial changes of the patients exposing mild intermittent cerebral hypoxia (=chronic form of hypoxia, model of obstructive sleep apnea diagnosed by neurologist) and patients after severe one-time cerebral hypoxia (=acute form of hypoxia, model of cardiac arrest diagnosed by cardiologist). Regardless of the different etiology of particular hypoxia forms described in the theoretical part of the thesis, both forms may lead to neuronal death. In the experimental part we test a hypothesis comparing healthy individuals to patients with acute or chronic form of hypoxia in cognitive performance or anxiety and depressive symptoms. We document a decreased cognitive performance and higher level of state anxiety in a group of patients...
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