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Evolution and Form of the three-aisle hall type layout in Bohemian sacral architecture to the mid-15th century
Beránek, Jan ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Macek, Petr (referee) ; Benešovská, Klára (referee)
Evolution and form of the three-aisle hall type layout in Bohemian sacral architecture to the mid-15th century The hall church with two, three and rarely more aisles in German described as "Hallenkirche" is usually defined as having the aisles of the same or almost the same height as opposed to the basilica. With this type of organization the main nave is lit only indirectly because there is no space for basilica type windows. Other variants or transitional types are pseudohalls, sometimes also called pseudobasilicas (in German terminology Staffenhalle and Stufenhalle), which differ from the main type by having an elevated nave without the aforementioned direct light sources. These distinctions stem from a thought construct of art history which strives for strict taxonomy in their source material. The diversity of medieval architecture nevertheless proves that there is cannot be drawn a clear and decisive line between the basilical and hall type layouts, just as the distinction between the longitudinal and central floor plans. This is connected to the cultural semantics of the different types and the even more complicated question of the intentions of the choice. The hall type is spread all across medieval Europe from the Romanesque era to the end of the Middle Ages. This type of architecture was...
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North portal of the church of St. Procope in Třebíč in the Central European context, with particular reference to the churches of Benedictine monasteries in Hungary
Kolářová Takácsová, Kornélia ; Ottová, Michaela (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee) ; Benešovská, Klára (referee)
Kornélia Kolářová Takácsová: The North Portal of the Church of St. Procopius in Třebíč in a Central European Context with Special Reference to Churches in Hungary Abstract The present dissertation places the northern portal of the Basilica of St. Procopius in Třebíč in a broader Central European context with a special focus on Hungarian buildings. After an introduction to the history of the Trebic abbey and church, a description of the portal and its iconographic analysis is followed by an analysis of important portals from Germany, Austria and Hungary that are mentioned in relation to the Třebíč portal and are associated with Norman ornament, including an attempt to classify them chronologically. The thesis includes a critical discussion of various theories of Norman decoration wandering in Central Europe. Special attention is paid to the question of the fundator of the Třebíč basilica, which refers both to the ruling Přemyslid family and to the remarkable figure of the bishop of Olomouc, Robert. In all the countries of Central Eastern Europe, in addition to the foreign builders who separated in groups from the large Western smelters, local stonemasons were involved and contributed their work to the final forms of specific buildings. The obvious similarities between the buildings and the dynastic links...
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The work of Matěj Rejsek - the Powder Tower
Císlerová, Michaela ; Homolka, Jaromír (advisor) ; Benešovská, Klára (referee)
Před několika lety jsem v rámci semináře ikonografie psala práci o fenoménu signatury a signování uměleckých děl. Je všeobecně známé, že v období středověku byla umělecká díla signována velice vzácně, a to nejen u nás, ale i v celé Evropě. Při hledání konkrétnějšího tématu mé práce jsem se setkala s osobností Matěje Rejska, který v tomto ohledu představuje jednu ze vzácných výjimek. Tento proslulý stavitel a kamenický mistr pozdního středověku, žijící a tvořící v Čechách ve druhé polovině 15. století a počátkem století následujícího, svá kamenická i architektonická díla často opatřoval nepřehlédnutelnými signaturami a nápisy. Už tato skutečnost naznačuje, že před námi stojí osobnost navýsost pozoruhodná a výjimečná, která dodnes nutně vzbuzuje zvědavost i zájem. O to více zaráží, že tomuto přednímu pozdně gotickému mistrovi, řadícímu se hned vedle takových jmen, jako jsou dvorní stavitel Vladislava Jagellonského Benedikt Ried nebo Hanuš Spiess, nebyla dosud věnována žádná uspokojivá monografická studie. Přestože o Rejskovi bylo napsáno mnoho a nejedna stavba či kamenická práce mu je připisovaná, jeho dílo není souhrnně zpracováno a vymezeno. Takovéto výzvy lze stěží neuposlechnout. S vědomím toho, o jak odvážný úkol se jedná, jsem si dílo Matěje Rejska zvolila jako téma mé diplomové práce. Se stále...
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Peter Parler and England
Pavlíček, Štěpán ; Benešovská, Klára (advisor) ; Macek, Petr (referee)
The thesis examines the role which a group of churches of The English Decorated Style may have played in the formation of Peter Parler's seminal work - the St. Vitus' Cathedral in Prague. During the course of the twentieth and twenty-first century, scholarship has accumulated a substantial number of formal similarities between these buildings, but some of these similarities are more relevant to the debate than others. The aim of the paper is to assess the relevance of these observations. The debate would be missing an important part if only English examples were discussed, therefore chosen examples from the continent are also included. The historiography critically engages with various ways both international and Czech authors approached the question of Peter Parler and England. Key words: Peter Parler, St. Vitus' Cathedral, Late Gothic, net vault, curvilinear tracery, pendant boss, flying ribs, Wells, Ottery St. Mary, Bristol, Decorated Style
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Carmelites and Slavonic Benedictines in the New Town of Prague
Benešovská, Klára
Both the monasteries founded by Charles IV were secured by the papal documents two years before the New Town of Prague was officially founded. The selection of these two orders and their location in future town development corresponds with their role in Charles’ vision of the new centre of the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Bohemia. Unlike earlier views, the author does not regard the two monasteries as an expression of young Charles’ efforts to penetrate the countries of schismatics with the help of the two orders.
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Evolution and Form of the three-aisle hall type layout in Bohemian sacral architecture to the mid-15th century
Beránek, Jan ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Macek, Petr (referee) ; Benešovská, Klára (referee)
Evolution and form of the three-aisle hall type layout in Bohemian sacral architecture to the mid-15th century The hall church with two, three and rarely more aisles in German described as "Hallenkirche" is usually defined as having the aisles of the same or almost the same height as opposed to the basilica. With this type of organization the main nave is lit only indirectly because there is no space for basilica type windows. Other variants or transitional types are pseudohalls, sometimes also called pseudobasilicas (in German terminology Staffenhalle and Stufenhalle), which differ from the main type by having an elevated nave without the aforementioned direct light sources. These distinctions stem from a thought construct of art history which strives for strict taxonomy in their source material. The diversity of medieval architecture nevertheless proves that there is cannot be drawn a clear and decisive line between the basilical and hall type layouts, just as the distinction between the longitudinal and central floor plans. This is connected to the cultural semantics of the different types and the even more complicated question of the intentions of the choice. The hall type is spread all across medieval Europe from the Romanesque era to the end of the Middle Ages. This type of architecture was...
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Medieval Castle Chapels in Bohemia
Záruba, František ; Kuthan, Jiří (advisor) ; Benešovská, Klára (referee) ; Prix, Dalibor (referee)
Medieval Castle Chapels in Bohemia The work deals with castle chapels in Bohemia in the High and Late Middle Ages. It concerns the artistic design and typology of chapels and sacred space, their endowments and chaplains etc. Almost one hundred locations are documented where we can find one or more castle chapels preserved to various degrees. Keywords: Middle Ages, castle architecture, castle chapel, castle, chaplain, patronage, title
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South Bohemian sacral architecture of the late Gothic 1450 - 1550 in the Rosenberg domain
Lavička, Roman ; Kuthan, Jiří (advisor) ; Jarošová, Helena (referee) ; Benešovská, Klára (referee)
South Bohemian sacral architecture of the late Gothic1450 - 1550 in the Rosenberg domain Mgr. Roman Lavička A group of late-Gothic churches, which keeps attracting our attention, was built in the Rosenberg domain during the reign of the Jagiellon dynasty. Limited archival material, results of dendrochronologic analyses and preserved buildings suggest that it was mainly building maintenance that was in progress in the Rosenberg domain in the second half of the 15th century. In the early 1480s the building of the new pilgrimage church in Kájov (1471/1474- 1485) was coming to its end. And it was only then that big town parish churches in Trhové Sviny, Dolní Dvořiště, Hořice na Šumavě, Chvalšiny and Nové Hrady started being rebuild or constructed anew almost simultaneously. Around 1485 almost twenty religious buildings were being built in the Rosenberg domain. They reflect the increasing economic prosperity and self-confidence of the town and village municipalities, corporations as well as individuals manifesting their wealth, success and strength. From a formal and ideological point of view it is possible to trace down a group of related buildings directly in this initial phase. They were probably designed by a single architect who is referred to as Master of Hořice presbytery. However, around 1495 we can...
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