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Self-esteem of university students with severe hearing disabilities
Bendová, Marie ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This paper deals with self-esteem of university students with hearing impairment. It primarily utilizes a qualitative approach that deals with the analysis of the statements of six respondents. Basic concepts related to self-esteem and an overview of current research are presented in the theoretical part of the paper. In the empirical part, a quantitative test (SLSC-R) is used. However, the main focus of the work lies in application and interpretation of the qualitative method - "authors' questionnaire". This work strives to find and describe factors which are believed to affect self-esteem of the respondents. The paper aims to be a contribution to the psychology of disability, for example, in identifying and describing areas that are believed to be useful for further research.
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The context of mirror neurons and schizophrenia in selected aspects of cognition
Bendová, Marie ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee) ; Loneková, Katarína (referee)
When a person performs or perceive an action, in any modality, specific structures called mirror neurons are activated. The automatic activation of these neurons - the "mirror mechanism" - during action recognition may contribute to the common course of higher cognitive functions, such as imitation, empathy, social cognition and language. Schizophrenia is associated with a number of cognitive changes, some of which may be explained on the basis of possible mirror mechanism distortion. Using fMRI, our research firstly examined the connectivity of selected brain areas in groups of patients and healthy volunteers. Initial research has shown that there are significant differences in the connectivity of cortical and subcortical structures between patients and the control group. The language experiment also revealed significant differences in the brain activation between these two groups. The configuration chosen language experiment has proved, on a group of healthy volunteers using the applied stimulus of the differences in the brain activation based on the characteristics of cue words. Therefore, neuronal changes accompanying schizophrenic illness probably result in changes in brain function when processing complex stimuli and are also reflected in the overall preparedness for reactions. Key words:...
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Mirror neurons and language in schizophrenia
Bendová, Marie ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Loneková, Katarína (referee)
Mirror neurons are a specific kind of visuomotor neurons that are involved in action execution and also in action perception. The mirror mechanism is linked to a variety of complex psychological functions such as social-cognitive functions and language. People with schizophrenia have often difficulties both in mirror neuron system and in language skills. In the first part of our research we studied the connectivity of mirror neuron areas (such as IFG, STG, PMC, SMC and so on) by fMRI in resting state and the differences between a group of patients during first episode psychosis and a group of healthy controls. The second part of our research was dedicated to language: if there are specific activations in certain parts of the cortex (such as SMC, Broca's and Wernicke's areas) along with a specific meaning of the word stimuli and if these activations are disrupted in patients with schizophrenia. The first part of the research showed a significant difference in the mirror neuron system connectivity between these two groups. The patients had stronger connections between the thalamus (which mediates sensory information) and the cortical areas while the controls had the cortical areas more interconnected. The second part of our research, a language experiment, showed significant differences between the...
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Self-esteem of university students with severe hearing disabilities
Bendová, Marie ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This paper deals with self-esteem of university students with hearing impairment. It primarily utilizes a qualitative approach that deals with the analysis of the statements of six respondents. Basic concepts related to self-esteem and an overview of current research are presented in the theoretical part of the paper. In the empirical part, a quantitative test (SLSC-R) is used. However, the main focus of the work lies in application and interpretation of the qualitative method - "authors' questionnaire". This work strives to find and describe factors which are believed to affect self-esteem of the respondents. The paper aims to be a contribution to the psychology of disability, for example, in identifying and describing areas that are believed to be useful for further research.
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Hereditary breast cancer
Malegová, Jana ; Bendová, Marie (advisor)
Malignant tumors of the breast are the most common malignant disease in women Czech Republic and in the world and one of the most frequent causes of their death , because this is a very important disease not only of medical, but also economic and wider spoločenského standpoint. Diploma thesis linked hereditary breast malignancies I chose because since the beginning of the study of medicine is themed oncological diseases of women occupied . The elaboration of this thesis I considered it a great opportunity to find their way in a difficult and rapidly developing areas , such doubt carcinomas breast are . The incidence of breast cancer in the Czech Republic (the Czech Republic already ) the ascending tendency , mortality has stagnated in recent years . The lifetime risk of the disease on malignant neoplasm of breast cancer for a woman is around 10%. I am talking about is sporadically occurring carcinomas , which represent the majority of cases , but in the next lesser group ( 5-10 %) , which represent hereditary bonded malignancies , wherein the cause is mutation of the gene carrier of the mutation is at risk much higher risk celoživotným compared with the general population , up to 85%. Breast tumors also occur in men , does the general population only in very low numbers , but just in case linked hereditary...
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Multiple female cancers
Roubalová, Jana ; Bendová, Marie (advisor)
In my diploma thesis deals with the question of multiplicities of cancer disease in women , which mainly relate to breast cancer and ovarian cancer . I While hereditary forms of cancer occur minority- and still affects relatively a large group , which constitutes approximately 10 % of all malignancies and breast ovary . Since this number is good at diagnosing this opportunity to think and in the event of discovery of facts which might lead us to suspect a hereditary form of cancer , it is advisable to use options genetic testing , get tested as patient and her family members , and adapt the results of preventive monitoring of the whole family . It is in this group patients or patients is most important to their long-term monitoring , prophylactic interventions in primary prevention and individual work with families, for which the certificate mutation lot of stress. The paper will be presented most common genetic syndromes in women under which occur in particular breast cancer , their incidence in the population of women the Czech Republic , dispensary preventive programs and treatment options . Will be credited to comprehensive and preventive care and will focus specifically on mutations in the BRCA genes , as the most common cause of cancer multiplicitního disease in women . The aim of this work is the...
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Tamoxifen, present and future
Vrba, Jiří ; Bendová, Marie (advisor)
Objective of the study This study deals with contemporary (year 2005) role of tamoxifen in the breast cancer hormonal therapy, in the medical environment of Czech Republic. The aim of this study is to evaluate, whether the tamoxifen treatment is sufficient, in case we have opportunity to use more convenient drugs (aromatase inhibitors and pure anti-estrogens). Project I have analysed the tamoxifen treatment of patients, suffering from breast cancer (with diagnosis C50), registered in FNKV oncology clinic registry (Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady) in the year 1998, 1999 and 2000. Patients I observed 736 patients with diagnosis C50. Out of these patients, I finally selected and further analysed group of 243 patients that corresponded with the given conditions of this study. Most important observed parameters and results One of the main goals was to determine the share of patients, which were being treated with tamoxifen for the whole period of 5 years without any serious complications. This share was 45,7% of 243 patients. Further I observed the patients, whose tamoxifen based therapy was further replaced by, so called, modern drugs treatment; like inhibitors of aromatase and pure anti-estrogens. The reasons for this change were serious side effects of tamoxifen or the progression of the disease. These...
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