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Ohrožení ekonomických zájmů EU v Jižní a Střední Americe.
Frýda, Jiří ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Kovář, Martin (referee) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee)
The dissertation analyses the threats to economic interests of EU in Latin America - mostly focused on MERCOSUR's countries. Both regions share history, cultural and social bonds which were interrupted by the Cold War. During this period was Latin America a natural zone of interest of the United States (similarity with East Europe and USS R). The fundamental event is the end of bipolarity. The dissertation is mostly focused on one decade between 2003-2013. The three main chapters define the concept of economic security, the relationship between the EU-Latin America on the background of the historical insight and third main chapter analyses China's engagement in Latin America. In the post-Cold War period came a significant paradigmatic shift in the perception of economic security/vulnerability. Considering the asymmetry of relations between the two regions, we analyze a historical background, including the so-called "shared values" that partially (but not entirely) can be challenged. Relations between the two regions are viewed as highly pragmatic with a strong emphasis on trade ties. China as a new element in the region, where traditionally has competed the United States and Europe, is the core topic of the main third chapter. Latin America isn't perceived as a single region, but it is consider in...
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Possibilities for maintaining the Cultural Identity of the Nahuas from the Northeastern Mountains of the Puebla State: The Case of the Organization Union de Cooperativas Tosepan Titatiniske
Bernkopfová, Michala ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee) ; Vrhel, František (referee)
This work deals with the issues of cultural identity of ethnic groups in the modern Mexican society, explores its characteristics and essence and searches for possibilities of its maintenance. The central question is, which way indigenous groups can develop their culture freely in the modern Mexican society, and so keep their own peculiarity and identity. The main instrument is a case study of Nahua communities occupying the territory of the Northeastern mountain range of the Mexican state of Puebla, which is in the sphere of influence of the organization called Unión de Cooperativas Tosepan Titataniske, seeking to improve the standard of living and strengthen the cultural identity of the villagers in the region. An ethno-historical study of the Nahua communities living in the particular region, completed with an analysis of the contemporary inhabitants' cultural identity based on a field research, shows that indigenous cultures can keep their identity in spite of significant external interference into their traditional way of life in the course of centuries and that the continuity of their identity is not dependent on maintaining concrete, time conditioned cultural manifestations. On the contrary, important factors for keeping cultural identity are the functional continuity of a given group and...
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The attempts of Spain at Power Recuperation int the sixties of the 19 th Century
Hertel, Petr ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee)
The thesis The Attempts of Spain at Power Recuperation in the sixties of the 19th Century analyzes five actions of military and naval character undertaken by the Spanish Monarchy out of its territories roughly between the years 1858 and 1866, along with their preconditions, circumstances, course, and results. In the comparison with two actions realized or initiated by Spain as early as towards the close of the 1850s (her participation in the French intervention in Vietnam in 1858-1863, the war against Morocco in 1859-1860), an profounder attention is paid to three interventions effectuated from 1861 in the American countries which still approximately four decades before had been creating components of her great overseas empire (the reannexation of Santo Domingo in 1861- 1865; the participation in the so-called Tripartite Intervention in Mexico in 1861-1862; the naval expedition towards the South America's Pacific watersides that culminated in Spanish-Peruvian controversy of 1864 and afterwards, in the so-called First Pacific War, managed in 1865-1866 by Spain against the South America's Pacific republics, primarily against Chile and Peru). After all, just the Hispanic American emancipation, consummated in the 1820s (and thus, the decomposition of the great Spanish empire in continental America, after three...
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The Argentine Army as an economic factor
Daříčková, Eva ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee)
The doctoral thesis The Argentine Army as an Economic Factor focuses on civil-military relations that are key to understanding the history, the development of modern society, and even the reality of current Argentina. The main myth that characterizes Argentine history is that the interruption of the development of the democratic processes is due to military interventions. Both in Argentine society and in the international sphere, there is a purely negative opinion about the Argentine military, in particular related to the shock caused by the last military dictatorship. This sentiment still permeates the cultural and moral face of society. This paper offers another vision of the Argentine military and tries to contribute to overcome an overly simplified perception and the prejudice that derives from it. The first part of the paper examines the emergence of military power and the characteristics of the political system in the first half of the 20th century. This section points out the causes for which the Army overstepped its specific functions and entered into the political life of Argentina. The second part is devoted to the Argentine economic system and its characteristics, from its insertion in the global market and its development through the economic policies of various governments. This...
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Czechoslovakia, Guatemala and Mexico in period of guatemalan revolution
Perutka, Lukáš ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee) ; Kovář, Michal (referee)
This work occupies until now practically not researched relation of Czechoslovakia and Guatemala in the period of so called Guatemalan Revolution in the years 1944-1954. It also considers explaining the context of the international relations, especially of Guatemala, Mexico and the United States. The thesis in based above all on the until now unpublished archive material from the archives of Ministry of Foreign Relations of the Czech Republic, Secretary of Foreign Relations of Mexico, National Archive of the Czech Republic, and also from American Central Intelligence Agency. Czechoslovak relation with Guatemala was created already in the period in-between World Wars, when the small central European country became one of the greatest purchasers of the Guatemalan coffee. Exactly commercial interests of Czechoslovakia helped to create official diplomatic relations in this period, at which end was sealed in 1936 the commercial agreement and Guatemala bought in the same year arms in Czechoslovakia. After the end of the Second World War these relations were not renewed, however the new democratic regime of the president Arévalo had imminent interest to renew this relationship and as gesture of good will still recognized the commercial agreement from 1936, although in had not been actualized. In the same...
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Deconsolidation of Venezuelan Democracy: Erosion of tha Party System, Neo-Populism and Repoliticization of the Armed Forces
Buben, Radek ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
Thesis PhDr. Radek Buben Deconsolidation of Venezuelan Democracy: Erosion of the Party System, Neo-Populism, and Repoliticization of the Armed Forces The thesis Deconsolidation of Venezuelan Democracy: Erosion of the Party System, Neo- Populism, and Repoliticization of the Armed Forces addresses the process of deconsolidation of democracy in Venezuela between 1973 and 1993. The analysis is based on both theoretical and comparative approach embedded notably in institutional comparative political science (analysis of systemic and institutional conditions of the analyzed process), historical sociology and political theory (phenomena of populism and neo-populism) and approaches of traditional historical analysis of political process in a particular period of time. The theoretical part of the text is focused on the issue of democracy in Latin America in general. More concretely, it concerns with typologies of political regimes, institutionalization of party systems, civil-military relations and the so-called resources curse theory. The great deal of the text covers analysis of populism, its definition and the existing research of the phenomenon. The starting point of the empirical part presents the establishment of the petrostate and bipartism in 1973. The analysis ends with the decomposition of the...
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Cuban Missions in Africa during 1960s, and Czechoslovakia
Kotrman, Václav ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee)
1 Abstract A Group of revolutionaries led by Fidel Castro has been struggling to overthrow the Cuban President Fulgencio Batista since the half of 1950s. After they succeeded on New Year's Eve 1959 the Revolutionary Cuban Government changed strategy in all aspects of the state administration. One of the most visible change happened in the sector of foreign policy. Cuba began to act not only as a sovereign country in relation to the neighbouring states which led to the conflict with the United States, but also began to actively export her model of revolution. The main initiators in this turn were Ernesto "Che" Guevara and Fidel Castro. The first region where Havana attempted to export the revolution was Latin America. Nevertheless, all attempts failed during 1960s. At the same time, the process of decolonisation in Africa visited by Guevara in the middle of 1959 was in progress. In Egypt, he established his first contacts with revolutionary leaders and subsequently informed Havana about the situation. The socialist character of a number of revolutionary movements was close to Cubans, so they started to widen relationship with them. First aid to Africa was sent by Cuban government at the end of 1961 to Algeria which fought for independence on France since 1954. Strengthening of relations between Havana and...
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Cultural Relations between Former Czechoslovakia and Selected States from the Andean Region in 1945-1989
Deylová, Iva ; Binková, Simona (advisor) ; Chalupa, Jiří (referee) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee)
IN ENGLISH Many historical documents prove that the first contacts between Central Europe and Latin America were established soon after the New World was reached by Christopher Columbus. However, it took a long time until the official relations with the former Czechoslovakia could have been initiated, first in the diplomatic field, second in the area of trade and then in science and culture as well. It may be redundant to say that in the last century the most frequent were the comercial relations. Even though, this work aims to describe mainly a cultural cooperation between Czechoslovakia and Andean states in the second half of the 20th century, more precisely Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia in between 1945-1989. From the wide range of activities organized by the Czechoslovak representation I have choosed the most often repeated, that is film presentations, exhibitions, radio and TV broadcasting. About those activities there is also the most evidence in the principal source of information I have selected, i. e. funds available from the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affaires in Prague and the National Archive of Czech Republic. As far as it is impossible to separate or isolate culture form other aspects of everyday functioning of any state, it has been necessary to outline the basic facts of the...
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U. S. Foreign Policy Towards Cuba 1958-1965
Fiala, Jaroslav ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee)
The thesis deals with the U.S. foreign policy towards Cuba in the years 1958-1965. It analyses sources of U.S.-Cuban hostility at the beginning of the Fidel Castro era. It shows, how the U.S. foreign policy and the beginning of Cold war contributed to polarization as well as radicalization of politics in Cuba. Thus, it analyses the change of a local conflict into the "international civil war". The aim of the thesis is to argue that Cuba influenced the global balance of power between the Soviet Union and the United States at the beginning of 1960's. The introductory chapters summarize the causes of the Cuban Revolution, the U.S. policy toward friendly dictators, mainly toward Fulgencio Batista in Cuba. Next part deals with the guerilla warfare against Batista and the extent of U.S. influence on this insurrection. The thesis uses a multi-archival research of the U.S. as well as Czech and British sources. The comparison of sources shows the extent of independent Cuban actions and helps to comprehend the logic of the Eastern-European foreign policy. The thesis further analyses the U.S. reaction on Cuban Revolution as well as causes and consequences of the Cuban Missile crisis. Moreover, it deals with the possibilities of improvement in the U.S.-Cuban relations. Last but not least it also analyses the...
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Czechoslovakia, Mexico and Cental America 1945-1989
Majlátová, Lucia ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee)
The doctoral thesis Czechoslovakia, Mexico and Central America 1945-1989 analyses political, economic and cultural relations between that country of the called Iron Curtain and the Mesoamerican countries during the Cold War in the twentieth century. The research is based mainly on unpublished archival materials, mainly of Czech origin. It is also complemented by fewer materials obtained at the Central American countries' official archives. The wider context of international politics is primarily outlined in the introductory chapters, which aims, on one hand, to inform readers about the development of the Czechoslovak diplomacy and foreign policy and how it was influenced by the Soviet Union and, on the other hand, to describe the unstable political situation prevailing then in the Central American countries, which were also under the constant scrutiny of the United States of America. Thereafter, the analysis focuses on the Czechoslovak-Mexican relations, which is thematically divided into political, cultural and economic sections. A special chapter is dedicated to the activities of the Czechoslovak secret service in Mexico, as a country conveniently located near to the United States. Other chapters study the bilateral relations between Prague and the individual capitals of Central America. The work...
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