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The methodology of the proper way of storing manure on agricurtural land
Svoboda, Pavel ; Wollnerová, Jana
The proposed methodology describes a complete manual to the correct storage of farmyard manure on agricultural land before its application. The publication notes a practical approach to storage farmyard manure on agricultural land from the selection of suitable disposal site through ongoing treatment of deposited manure to agricultural measures that are suitable implement in the disposal site after the distribution of farmyard manure on fields. In the methodology are also given legislative measures that impose conditions for storing farmyard manure on farmland. All the measures are clearly described that are aimed at maintaining the quality of stored farmyard manure and reduction of the risk of environmental pollution, especially of surface and ground waters. Special attention is paid to measures for storage of farmyard manure in vulnerable zones identified in the action program of the Nitrates Directive. For selecting a suitable place to storing farmyard manure are available in the methodology detailed instructions, with the help of data in the registry of soil LPIS at web site Portál farmáře. The model of the required emergency plan or supplement of the plan is also given in the methodology.
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Determination of causal agent of ring rot of potato, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus bacteria in breeding and multiplicated materials
Pánková, Iveta ; Krejzar, Václav
The methodology includes a method of artificial infection of plants and potato tubers as a prerequisite for the study of migration and localization of the pathogen in tubers and within the plant vascular tissues, time schedule and recommended size of samples of individual parts of plants and potato tubers during the growing season, depending on external conditions and potato genotype, how to deal with samples of the plants and potato tubers prior to treatment, method of processing samples of individual plant parts and tuber depending on the detection method and the optimization of methods for detection of the pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. In compliance with the proposed methodological procedure should be interrupted vertical transmission of the pathogen in the process of breeding, the possibility of detection of the pathogen in breeding and propagation material and reduction of suspicious samples should be increased and the late positive determination of ring rot in the official phytosanitary and company checks abroad should be reduced.
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The use of microsatellite analysis for the characterisation of onion
Mitrová, Katarína ; Ovesná, Jaroslava
The object of the methodology is the process characterizing the autenticity of varieties of onion put through microsatellite analysis (SSR- Single Sequence Repeats) for the characterization of varieties of garlic into the practice. This method allows to identify varieties of onion and characterize genetic resources using DNA markers and determine their genetic similarity based on the length variability of short repeating sequences (microsatellites) in the characterization of varieties of onion, Allium cepa L. The principle of the method is amplification of the genome containing the microsatelite locus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers and subsequent analysis of the lengtht of the products and the identification of the DNA profile to the declared variety.
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The use of microsatellite analysis for the characterisation of garlic
Mitrová, Katarína ; Ovesná, Jaroslava ; Svobodová, Leona
The object of the methodology is the process characterizing the autenticity of varieties of garlic put through microsatellite analysis (SSR- Single Sequence Repeats) for the characterization of varieties of garlic into the practice. This method allows to identify varieties of garlic and characterize genetic resources using DNA markers and determine their genetic similarity based on the length variability of short repeating sequences (microsatellites) in the characterization of varieties of garlic, Allium sativum L. The principle of the method is amplification of the genome containing the microsatelite locus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers and subsequent analysis of the lengtht of the products and the identification of the DNA profile to the declared variety.
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Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L. BEAUV.) suitable crop to the transformative climate in the Czech Republic
Hermuth, Jiří ; Janovská, Dagmar ; Prohasková, Anna
The global climate changes bring a lot of undesirable impacts which will influence the agricultural production in the Czech Republic in the future. Nowadays the drought risks and their impact on the agricultural production have begun to show up very strongly. One of the main solutions might be the breeding and selection of more resistant species or/and varieties which are more adaptable to lesser water availability and which are more resistant to the new climate. This paper would like to present the foxtail millet as a cereal which might be a valuable alternative for grain production as well as for biomass production in less favourable arid areas of our country.
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Yellow rust protection on the wheat
Hanzalová, Alena ; Bartoš, Pavel
Heavy incidence of yellow rust in the years 2014 and 2015 has proved high deleterious effects of this rust. For this reason this publication deals with yellow rust on wheat. Rusts on wheat cause losses every year. In the years of an epidemic yield can be decreased by more than a half. Epidemics of stem rust and yellow rust occur in irregular intervals. Leaf rust causes damage every year particularly in central and southern part of Moravia. Chemical control limits yield losses, however in the case of heavy rust incidence this control particularly on susceptible cultivars is not sufficient. Repeated chemical treatments increase the costs and are limited by phytosanitary regulations. Economic and ecologic rust control consists in resistance breeding and growing resistant cultivars. Knowledge of virulence in the rust poppulation and suitable sources of resistance are prerequisites for successful resistance breeding. This publication presents a summary of data from literature on the yellow rust on wheat. Data on resistance of the grown cultivars and possibilities of the chemical control are included.
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