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Modernization in Michel Foucault's works. Comparison with classic and postmodern authors
Brolík, Tomáš ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee)
Bachelor thesis dwells on description of processes of modernization and rationalization in Michel Foucault's works and juxtaposes it to works of classical and postmodern sociologists. In the first, most voluminous part it describes inception of modern discipline and changes of disciplinating institutions (school, garrison house, factory,...) as it Foucault did especially in his book Discipline and Punish. Aside from description of disciplinating techniques it studies Foucault's analysis of power. In the second part the work studies similar topics in works of Max Weber and Norbert Elias. In Weber's thoughts are foremost interesting the modern bureaucracy and self-disciplination in Protestantism. In Elias works it is process of civilization, especially on individual, psychogenetics level. In the third part it dwells on postmodern actualizations of Foucault's conceptions (panoptism, dicsiplinated bodies) in Zygmunt Bauman's works. The last part it tries to find out some interesting accordances and contradictions in works of these authors and it asks whether Foucault's ideas, valid for the time of Enlighting, are valid today as well.
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The Concept of Media in the System Theory of Niklas Luhmann
Pincová, Barbora ; Mucha, Ivan (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with the concept of media by Niklas Luhmann which he developed as a key perspective for his theory of modern society. After the introduction, which is making clear the starting points of the system theory and the theory of society, follows a clear explanation - with a help of primary literature (especially Die Gesellschaft der Gesellschaft, Die Kunst der Gesellschaft, Die Realität der Massenmedien) - of Luhman's concept of media. The explanation goes from general distinction between media and the form to different types of media followed by massmedial communication. Selected contributions of contemporary theorists (Baecker, Esposito, Krämer) are integral part of the work. They give reflection and they further develop the topic of communication mediated by computer, which has been previously outlined by Luhman. In the end, the terms and the problems of computer communication are shown on current events on the Internet (Wikipedia, Facebook).
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Public space in the city. Social aspect and design for functional urban planning on the example of Prague.
Burianová, Adéla ; Duffková, Jana (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
Public space in the city. Social aspect and design for functional urban planning on the example of Prague The theme of this thesis is the formulation and revision of the general criteria of the functionality of urban public space in particular voluntary activities with the emphasis on user experience. The work as a whole combines theoretical and empirical approach to examining this issue, as these two views are complementary and mutually enriching. In the theoretical part, the theme of public space is imbedded in a broader sociological context. From the theoretical approach it is gradually moved to empiricism, which includes mainly the coverage of the concept of observable and measurable functionality indicators. In the empirical part, the formulated criteria are applied in practice within the observation of selected areas of Prague and also within their qualitative evaluation by the space visitors themselves. The universality and portability of these aspects in a different environment has been reviewed by comparing the theoretical aspects of functionality with the empirical evaluation of the observers. The work in its final section gives suggestions for the functional urban planning, based on newly uncovered contexts and dimensions. Key word: city, urban public space, functional urban planning
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Purchase behavior of a consumer in the perspective of social studies
Šmidrkalová, Eva ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee) ; Duffková, Jana (advisor)
This theoretical - empirical diploma paper tries to describe what social factors influence a consumer and a customer. Thus it targets a way of an influence of a family, social groups, social classes on consumer and purchase behaviour whereas it places emphasis on usage of theoretical knowledge in practice. Practical part follows after every subject chapter that attempts to tie together with previous theoretical chapter and undertakes to confirm or disconfirm its content. The author uses data from Czech representative research quantitative study Brandpower 2007 with a view of a secondary analysis and she mainly investigates relations between variables. For the analysis are used attitude statements, frequency of product usage, product ownership, different lifestyle activities and also very important sociodemographic respondent characteristics.
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Youth criminality prevention in the Czech Republic
Lhotová, Jana ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee) ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor)
This study focuses on the prevention of juvenile delinquency in the Czech Republic while defining the best possible means for an individual to achieve positive socialization and develop protection against anti-social behavior. The study is divided into two sections - theoretical and analytical. The first section aims to: describe criminal prevention strategies and their philosophy and goals; present different methodologies for prevention; and define target groups. It also gives an account of objective and subjective factors that may influence anti-social behavior in youth, since it is proven that particular characteristics of the social environment or personality can increase the likelihood of committing a crime. The core of this theoretical study includes an overview of criminological theories, which seek to reveal the roots of criminal behavior. Also described is the evolution of salient ideas in this sociological framework, which form the basis for criminological theory, along with a summary of biosocial and psychological theories. A special focus is on the Social Control Theory and General Theory of Crime published by T. Hirschi and M. Gottfredson in the 90's, considered to be the most complex and relevant theories of social prevention due to their emphasis on the correlation of individual and social...
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What holds society together? The concept of societal community and constitutive symbolism in Talcott Parsons, Richard Münch and Jeffrey Alexander
Německý, Marek ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Skalník, Petr (referee) ; Musil, Jiří (referee)
1. In my thesis I try to answer the question: "What holds society together?" by using theoretical conceptual tools of Parsonian functionalist sociology. I work especially with Parson's concept of societal community as it is defined in his book Socities. Evolutionary and Comparative Perspective. I work with the definition of societal community used in this book. Societal community is formed on one hand by a normative system of order, on the other hand by statuses, rights and obligations derived from membership thereof. [Parsons 1966: 31] I work with this skizza concept and try to reconstruct Parsons's concept by using conception of other authors, especially neo-functionalists (Jeffrey Alexander, Richard Munch, Samuel Eisenstadt), and by other authors as well (David Lockwood, Stein Rokkan, Lewis Coser, John Rawls). In spite of the fact that I use the interpreations of these authors, I consider my thesis an original piece of work, because especially last named authors do not explicitly use the concept of societal community. I reconstructed the concept of societal community with the complexity which cannot be found in the works of other authors [Gerhardt 2001]. 2. In the first step I try to reconstruct the concept based on the work of Talcott Parsons. I came to the conclusion that Parsons sees the...
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Households with children in the achieving society conditions. Selected economic psychological aspects of household
Čapek, Jan ; Riegel, Karel (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee) ; Bedrnová, Eva (referee)
Count of inhabitants in European countries is decreasing. I focussed primarily what does influence young people in their decision to have children, what is the difference in perception of the life requirements of the performance oriented society between households with children and households without children. The basic tested hypothesis is the statement, that most of young people consider children as a factor reducing their standard of living. I created model of factors influenced the decision according the studying of recent researches. The factors are divided into four areas - values, compatibility of partners, state support and economic conditions. I tried to find the level of influence of these factors in the three related researches. The first research enquired after the performance oriented society requirements by the households with children and households without children. The results are based on representative sample of younger 40 years old respondent questionnaire answers. The second research tried to find the concrete strategies, how to cope with performance oriented society requirements by households with children and households without children on representative sample questionnaire with open question: "What does help you to cope with recent society requirements?" In the third research I...
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Historical process of individualization and narcissism as its contemporary manifestation
Bartoš, František ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
Vztahy jedince k ostatním lidem, jeho cíle, zájmy a identita tvoří užitečný definiční rámec, prostřednictvím kterého lze snadněji porozumět charakteru každé společnosti. Tyto jevy, stejně jako všechny produkty společenského uspořádání nejsou morfostatickými prvky a i v průběhu dějin západní Evropy1 došly mohutných změn. Přestože zájmy, cíle a identity byly po tisíce let plně totožné a podřízené celku (skupině, rodu, třídě, společenství atd.), během několika staletí se z nich stala otázka individuální volby každého člověka. Tento proces se souhrnně nazývá individualizací, což je sociologický koncept popisující strukturální proměny sociálních institucí a jedincova vztahu ke společnosti [Beck 2001:202]. Individualismus ve společenských dějinách Evropy (a následně i severní Ameriky) zastává pouze relativně krátké období a nelze ho proto vnímat jako nezbytnou součást každého společenského uspořádání, nýbrž jako důsledek specifického historického procesu. K dějinnému přechodu od kolektivních celků k plně individualizovaným jedincům však nedošlo samovolně - v důsledku jakéhosi lineárního evolučního vývoje, leč následkem nepředvídatelných historických událostí vedoucích k radikálním změnám uspořádání západoevropských společností. Pro proces individualizace je proto především příznačné, že probíhá ve skocích a jeho...
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