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Radical Experience and Thinking of Poetic Inspiration. The Body (without Organs) in Maurice Blanchot's Space of Literature.
Poch, Martin ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Jarošová, Helena (referee)
Radical Thinking and Experience of Poetic Inspiration → Abstract Blanchot's radical thinking of writer's experience poses, but do not answer a question of its physical dimension. According to Blanchot, it seems as if the writer's experience was completely unbodied, so that it excludes the possibility of writing and realization of essential speech in the world. Our interpretation of Blanchot's key concepts proceeds with an attempt to solve this problem and present its main consequences. In the last section we operate some of the terms of Deleuze and Guattari - namely becoming, the body without organs - in order to conceive writer's experience as inherently differentiated process in which the body is absent, because - deprived of its organs - it becomes an imperceptible part of assemblage which enters the space of literature.
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Ontogical conceptions of picture
Sajvera, David ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Zuska, Vlastimil (referee)
Tato práce podává interpretaci dvou odlišných pojetí obrazu. Oba autoři byli výrazně ovlivněni fenomenologickou filozofií Edmunda Husserla a ontologií Martina Heideggera. V úvodu podáváme stručné shrnutí hlavních bodů husserlovského pojetí obrazu a obrazového vědomí, které chápeme jako určité tematické východisko pro Finka i Lévinase, a u obou autorů sledujeme pak jeho překročení směrem k ontologicky fundovanému paradigmatu. U Lévinase sledujeme jeho ontologii anonymní existence a její aplikaci na problematiku obrazu s patřičnými konsekvencemi pro některé tradiční estetické problémy. Vycházíme přitom z jeho prací ze 40. let, především Od existence k existujícímu a Realita a její stín. V kapitole věnované Finkovi se zabýváme jeho ranou disertací Zpřítomnění a obraz, která rozpracovává problematiku obrazu a obrazového vědomí ještě v rámci husserlovské fenomenologie a sledujeme Finkův posun v pojetí obrazu po vytvoření vlastní kosmologické koncepce. V pracích Oáza štěstí a Hra jako symbol světa vycházíme z Finkova kosmologického pojetí světa jako předchůdného celku všeho jednotlivého a symbolu jako konečného jsoucna symbolizujího celek světa. Uvádíme pak některé blízké koncepce a narážíme na problém reprezentace, nerozlišování nositele a smyslu, dějinnosti umění a především na kritiku platónského pojetí...
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Art and Care of Soul in Jan Patočka
Josl, Jan ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Zátka, Vlastimil (referee) ; Frei, Jan (referee)
Summary: This work approaches Patočka's philosophy of art from the perspective of ‚care of the soul'. The first part of work describes evolution of the ‚care of the soul' in context of Patočka's philosophy of history from he 30s up to 70s. Based on this description I recognize experience of the soul as the experience of human freedom as inseparable from the ethical and methaphysical dimensions. The second part approaches art from this perspective.Patočka's intepretations of art show that Patočka saw art not only as a manifestation of human freedom, but as reflection of human position in the world and his relation to aletheia as well. However, art stays half way between myth and philosophy due to the fact, that the movement of freedom is not as absolute in art as it is in philosophy. This is evident in expressions that art takes from the fields of our emotions and experience and thus still remains for Patočka in connection with the world and our everydayness. Therefore art represents for Patočka only limited experience of the soul. It is mostly the momentum of transcendence that is important and interesting for Patočka in art, but not the results that, no matter how deep, are still insights about the things in the world. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Topic of Corporeity in Phenomenological Inquiries into the Aesthetic Experience of Landscape
Slančíková, Jana ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
This Diploma thesis is dealing with an analysis of the space understood like an interactive phenomenon, which is following our aesthetic enjoyment of a landscape. The description of this phenomenon is examined in the work of an American philosopher Arnold Berleant, but against a background of European phenomenological tradition. As a ground, on which can be an understanding of an experience of space built, will be in our thesis the phenomenological inquiry into the perception of corporeity, mainly in the work of Jan Patočka and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. An interaction between subject and object in the aesthetic experience of landscape is appearing as an completely unique, nondelegable and non-repetitive human experience. For the more concrete insight into this issue is necessary to analyze some factors entering into the aesthetic experience of landscape. The first of all is the factor of engaging our senses as an essential background of every aesthetic experience. The next important step is to study the perception of the space-time, the necessity of the bodily movement and a concrete corporeal engagement, which determines our possibilities of an exploration of such an environment. Landscape can not be moved, we have to come and pass through, where it is allowed. This fact does not mean, that we are...
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Virtual reality - aesthetic consequences
Benda, Lubor ; Zuska, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Ševčík, Miloš (referee)
In the present work we study key structural points of the theory of fictional worlds, looking for the similar points in virtual reality worlds and then experimentaly overlaying both sets. Main scope of this study is clear definition of borders between fictional and virtual worlds. At the end, we will see the main differencies as well as an common grounds of fiction and virtual reality, which will be helpful for further aesthetic studies of medium of virtual reality and its contents, the virtual reality worlds.
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Prolegomena to Problematics of Solitude
Pola, Petr ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Michalovič, Peter (referee) ; Marcelli, Miroslav (referee)
PETR POLA : PROLEGOMENA TO PROBLEMATICS OF SOLITUDE Dissertation abstract The aim of the dissertation entitled Prolegomena to Problematics of Solitude is to introduce solitude as an existential characteristic, explore ways of its surpassing and articulate its relationship to experience of art. The issue of solitude represents for us a possible way to understand modern existence. First we examine the problem of solitude as an problem of isolated existence and formulate the question of its origin. The resolution of existential loneliness and solitude of being come to grasp the possibility of a relationship between isolation and solitude of being as sovereignty of being. Existential solitude means to effacer the relation of one who exists to oneself, which is a precondition for its existence. Finally we formulate a relationship between existential solitude and essential solitude, which is the paradigm for the experience of art especially for M. Blanchot. Deepening the problematics of existential solitude also enables to formulate the basis for discussions on the concept of subjectivity, which recently been revived.
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Art of the age of science and technology in the context of Jan Patočka's philosophy
Bělohradská, Anna ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Zuska, Vlastimil (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis aims to focus primarily on the relationship of art and science in the context of Jan Patočka's art philosophy. According to Patočka's reasoning, the development of art is divided into three historical periods; older, modern and contemporary. Patočka also presents two cultural epochs. One is an artistic epoch in which religious sense and objective truth are essential to art. In the 19th century, there is a transition into an aesthetic epoch in which art is characterized by the expression of a subjective individual sense, while science excludes subjectivity and individuality. In connection with this, the dialectical relationship between art and science will be discussed. The final part of the work will focus on the analysis of Patočka's views on contemporary art, which is strongly influenced by science and technology. Key words Jan Patočka, historicity, philosophy of art, aesthetics, art, freedom, science, technology
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The Body of a New Aesthetics
Gazdíková, Anna ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Kaplický, Martin (referee)
The subject of the presented paper is an investigation of specific forms of corporeality and related concept of perception present in Gernot Böhme's aesthetics of atmosphere. Subsequent application of them on particular art forms is an endeavour to show the potential of this aesthetic theory within the realm of reception and reflection of (not only) new art forms. Text deals with the analysis of Gernot Böhme's concept of subject understood purely as a body (felt body), which lives "in" and "through" space and represents an essential moment of legitimization of aesthetics of atmospheres. Subject understood in this way exceeds the traditional duality of mind and body and is also trying to rehabilitate certain form of "baumgartenian" aesthetics viewed as an aisthésis, or in other words as a general theory of perception. The shift on the side of the subject, which can be called "the shift towards felt body" is inspired by the radical concept of the subject introduced by neo-phenomenologist Hermann Schmitz. For Schmitz, human being is always primarily and essentially body (felt body) with its spatiality and only then a subject, acting individual or soul. Exactly this emphasis on physical presence in space - as a meeting point between neo-phenomenological tradition on one side and Böhme's accentuation of...
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Modern Literature and Myth in Jan Patočka's Conception
Vydrová, Tereza ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to draw attention to the specific position of modern literature in the context of Jan Patočka's thinking on the relation between myth and literature. In this context, we note that Patočka identifies two epochs: "artistic" (19th century art) and "aesthetic" (modern art). Patočka argues that modern art is characterized by the expression of freedom and expression of the subjective sense, while for the artistic epoch is a typical mythical and religious sense. We will focus on the issues that this definition relates to - the presence of myth in modern literature and the expression of freedom in pre-modern art. We will address these problems in the background of Patočka's theory of resonance, theory of historicity, and three basic life moves. Key words modern literature, myth, meaning of life, writer, freedom, resonance, historicity, life movements, movement of truth, phenomenology
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Photography, Text and Their Relationship to Reality in the Early Thought of Roland Barthes
Hřib, Matěj ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Kubalík, Štěpán (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to compare conceptions of photography, text and their relationships to reality in the semiological texts of Roland Barthes from '60s. From his then structuralist position is photography "a message without a code" which is in direct, analogical relationship with reality, while text cannot be anything like that and is only capable of creating "the reality effect" or "referential illusion." Barthes places the photography to a specific place, which is unanalyzable with his semiological method - there is no system, code, only analogy of reality. Oppositely, it seems that in language, which is the standard of systematicity, through the arbitrary signs, one can never come to anything real. Even realistic literature produces only signs of realism, specific type of discourse, not signs of reality. Photography is the analogon of reality, while the speech always stays in discrepancy. The aim of this thesis is to show connectedness of the concept "reality effect" with Barthes' ways of thinking about photography, realistic texts try to constitute essentially similar way of signifying as photography, but for its language character produce only effect of reality. Another aim is to show the importance of the phenomenon of photography for Barthes' thought and to suggest that his research...
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