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Effect of the exchange rate CZK on the amount of revenues from toll and time-toll systems on the roads in the Czech Republic
Raštica, Marek ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of the real exchange rate on the amount of revenues from a system of tolled and time tolled roads in the Czech Republic in the years 1999-2014. This effect is investigated on monthly data using regression analysis on two systems of tolled roads separately, system of tolled roads and system of time-tolled roads. Based on available dataset was shown a statistically significant negative effect of the real exchange rate on toll revenues in the system of tolled roads. In the case of time-tolled roads system was demonstrated negative effect of real exchange rate on time-toll revenues, but this effect is questionable, since the influence has been demonstrated only in a model with limited explanatory power.
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Is import of goods from european countries to Czech republic more or less influenced by changes in nominal and real exchange rates than in non european countries?
Vereš, Jan ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the connection between import of goods from foreign countries to Czech Republic and the exchange rate changes. The initial hypothesis of this paper is to prove that the depreciation of domestic currency has positive influence on balance of trade balance. For this purpose there is eight econometric models which were created by using time series from years 2003 to 2016. These models are divided in pairs among four chosen countries. For each country two models were created that follow the development of trade balance between Czech Republic and one of the countries in two different time frames. All the models always use the real effective exchange rate, growth rate of GDP for Czech Republic and growth rate of GDP for one of the countries as explanatory variable. It is connected with the second task of this thesis, which is the analysis of the differences in the behaviour of the models that belong to the countries which are members of the EU and these that are not. The aim is to find out whether the existence of tariffs on imported goods from countries out of the EU causes visible differences in the behaviour of the variables that were included in the models. Based on the outcomes of all eight models the main hypothesis has been proved right for three out of four countries. In the models for Germany, China and France the relation of real exchange rate and trade balance came out as positive in long term, in short term the outcome was ambiguous. The second question of this thesis has been answered, but its added value is questionable. The final models for each state do show some noticeable differences and they can be used to determine if the influence of the change of exchange rates on trade balance is smaller or bigger in the countries where tariffs are used. On the other hand, from the results we can learn that the sample of only four countries is insufficient for the deduction of any conclusions.
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Index ekonomické svobody, případ České republiky
Shrbený, Filip ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
We have identified number of possible advices for the Czech Republic to improve its rating for both Heritage Foundation and Fraser Institute Economic Freedom Index, which often leads to top 10 countries in the world. These advices range from cuts in government spending, betterment in judicial system, to the establishing healthier environment for startups and advices to combat corruption. We further noticed some divergence between above mentioned indexes and managed to evaluate those indexes, which showed the simplicity yet usefulness of Heritage EFI and flexibility and sensitivity of the Fraser EFI. Weak sides of the research were noted and ideas for further research were given.
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Incentivy a prosociální jednání mužů a žen
Pulcová, Eliška ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to find out how strong have monetary or other incentives effects on prosocial behavior and conduct of men and women. The work deals with how different behaviors in regard to gender in areas such as altruism and regular support private charities, participation in volunteer activities, social preference and concern for cultural heritage, when an image motivation is on place or is not, and if the behavior is incentivized or not incentivized.
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Differences between men and women in the Czech labour market
Stroukal, Dominik ; Kadeřábková, Božena (advisor) ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Němec, Otakar (referee)
This thesis consists of five articles that apply current world research on labor economics at the Czech Republic and confirms the significant differences between men and women in this market. It shows that gender has a significant influence on the preference on the labor market and, consequently, on employment and health. First, the thesis shows that preferences are relevant determinant of career and then we study the difference in preference of salary for men and women. Subsequently it shows that gender plays a significant role in explaining the relationship between homeownership, and unemployment, as well as unemployment and health. The first chapter was able to demonstrate that the preference for a career has a positive influence on the choice of career. The influence of higher education on prioritizing career proved to be positive and significant. Probability of a career choice is reduced by the presence of children, however, is not dependent on their number, which is contrary to the theory of preferences. The second chapter shows that Czech women prefer more non-monetary rewards than men. It has also been shown that people with university education are same in the preferences of non-monetary rewards regardless of the gender of the respondents, however, compared to the world's research, the Czech higher education increases this preference. It turned out that women prefer risk less than men. The third chapter demonstrates that although the housing market undermines labor mobility and employment in the Czech Republic at the regional level, therefore, that in regions with a higher rate of home ownership is higher unemployment, at the individual level, the owners of housing are unemployed are less likely. The estimates are significantly different for men and women. Men living in owner-occupied housing have a higher likelihood of employment than women. At regional level, however, this thesis shows that the high rate of home ownership increases unemployment for both men and women, in the long run only to women. The fourth chapter showed that men transition to homeownership reduces the likelihood of unemployment next year. For women, this relationship has proved to be insignificant. In addition, as insignificant showed the opposite relationship, the transition from unemployment to the newly acquired home ownership. The last chapter shows that the change in the working status to unemployment will increase in the future probability of worse health. Influence in less than two years, however, proved to be significant. An important conclusion is that men have a significantly stronger relationship between health and unemployment than women.
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Crowdfunding and its application in the field of public goods
Nejman, Karel ; Cibulka, Jakub (advisor) ; Stroukal, Dominik (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes discipline of crowdfunding and possible use of its methods in the issue of public goods. The aim of this thesis is to clarify purpose of crowdfunding and prove this funding method is applicable to public goods. First part defines principles, operation and possible risks of crowdfunding. Description of public goods follows. Third chapter analyses benefits of funding public goods through crowdfunding. The final part shows real crowdfunding campaigns in which public goods are funded.
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How does gasoline stations in Czech republic react to change of crude oil price on commodity exchange?
Hrabalík, Ondřej ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Vozárová, Pavla (referee)
Aim of this thesis was finding out whether there is asymmetry on gasoline market in Czech republic, which is common knowledge or if asymmetry is only illusion. With daily data about gasoline and diesel prices from CZ market and also daily Brent Crude Oil price, thesis tires to prove that there is no asymmetry on the market. Analysis was done with asymmetric error correction model and further testing of asymmetry with koeficients from ECM. Results yield that both gasoline and diesel markets show rather symmetrical reaction on entry price change. Asymmetry was proven only in few lags and final statement is that asymmetry on market in Czech republic is rather illusion then reality.
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Is Pavel Novak More Employable than Hoang Nguyen?
Kvapil, Martin ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Kovanda, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis studies ethnic discrimination in Czech Republics labour market with a correspondence test. To each of 395 job openings two simmilar résumé of fictional applicants were sent. The correspondence testing method reveals discriminatory practices at the initial stage of recruitment process. The probability for Vietnamese people to receive interview is lower than for Czechs by 12 percentage points. This finding is interpreted as an evidence for statistical disrcrimination. Questionnaire survey was conducted with 55 hiring decision-makers for the purpose of explanation employers motives to discriminate. Low Czech language proficiency of Vietnamese people was expected by employers, leading to statistical discrimination.
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Who's the boss? Analysis of gender inequality in managerial positions
Svatošová, Simona ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Špecián, Petr (referee)
Using cross-sectional data from EU-SILC for the Czech Republic this thesis shows existence of gender gap in workplace authority at the Czech labor market. Controlling for human capital, job attributes and household characteristics reduced the gender gap in workplace authority but not at full range. It implies the existence of discrimination at the Czech labor market. This thesis also shows that gender differences in earnings returns to authority also exist, and men have these returns significantly higher compared to women.
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Overoptimism - implications for law and economics
Lišková, Adéla ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Stroukal, Dominik (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on one of the behavioral biases - optimism bias or overoptimism - which existence is documented in findings of behavioral economics. The thesis introduces behavioral economics as an economic movement criticizing neoclassical economic theory, put oveoptimism in the broader context of its findings and further demonstrates the consequences of overly optimistic expectations in selected areas of human decision-making which deals with the economic analysis of law in contrast to the conclusions which can be arrived by assuming rational agent. In the context of approach of Chicago Law and Economics, based on neoclassical economic theory, and by assuming a perfectly competitive market, the thesis concludes that while in case of rationality the maximum efficiency is achieved by internalization of externalities, overoptimism cause a deviation from the optimum even if externalities are internalized.
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