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Guatemala under the rule of Efraín Ríos Montt and its coming to terms with the past
Houšková, Petra ; Perutka, Lukáš (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
One of the most violent periods of the Guatemalan civil war was the government of General Efraín Ríos Montt in the early 1980s, which went down in history with the sad legacy of genocide, large-scale displacement and other war crimes. Most of them have never been investigated or punished. The breakthrough of impunity was the accession of Claudia Paz y Paz to the head of the public prosecutor's office. Trial with Ríos Montt became the most exposed one. Despite the subsequent annulment of the incriminating verdict, this process was an important milestone in Guatemalan justice, but also in international law, contributing several key precedents. Ríos Montt became the first head of state to be convicted of genocide by a domestic tribunal. This work deals with the factors that influenced the war crimes prosecutions after the signing of peace agreements and analyzes the importance of the trial of Ríos Montt in the Guatemalan coming to terms with the past by the state. Key Words Guatemala, Efraín Ríos Montt, genocide, impunity, transitional justice
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U.S. Immigration Policy towards Mexican Immigrants in the Second Half of the 1990s
Konečná, Kateřina ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
This paper studies American immigration policy towards Mexican immigrants in the second half of the 1990's. It also studies the North American Trade Agreement that was essential for the American-Mexican relations. This paper aims to find out how the agreement influenced US immigration policy after its adoption, since there was a hope that in the long run it would regulate the migration flows. For this purpose, it studies the immigration aspects of the agreement and immigration policies, that were either passed or discussed in the United States. Based on that, it concludes that it cannot be easily proven that the adoption of the agreement directly influenced the immigration policy towards Mexican immigrants, since that was influenced by many other factors that could not have been studied given the scope of this work. Nevertheless, there was a bill that increased the number of visas for temporary workers, which was nothing new for Mexican immigrants, since this was introduced already in the NAFTA agreement.
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Three Different Mexicos: application of the SWOT analysis on three Mexican regions
Moravcová, Markéta ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
With the decreasing importance of national borders and rise of regions as main actors in economic activity, regional disparities are one of the pressing issues faced by many governments. The objective of this thesis is to look at the case study of trends of Mexican regional disparities. The paper draws from the New Economic Geography, which stresses importance of human and physical capital for economic growth, and Porter's theory of clusters which finds the importance of export for regional development. The paper divides Mexico into three regions: the North; the Centre and the South and uses the SWOT analysis for evaluation of each region. The thesis finds that the North is the region with highest economic performance which is the result of its export-based manufacturing industry. It benefits from its closeness to the US, but it lacks technological research connected to its products, as that takes place in the US. The Centre has been also experiencing growth. Most of its economic activity is located around Mexico City but various clusters have been created in other areas as well. Lastly, the South is the poorest and most diverse region. Its economy is based on oil, tourism and agriculture and it consists of well-performing states as well as of states in viscous cycles of poverty. The paper offers a...
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American jazz diplomacy and the Czechoslovak Socialist Society
Vlášek, Jakub ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis is focused on the activity of American jazz diplomacy in countries of the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War era. It follows the historical development of US jazz diplomacy and highlights its most important protagonists, the so-called jazz ambassadors, who were not only fighting against Communism through the medium of jazz music but also helping to create the positive image of US culture in the world. The primary aim of this thesis is to analyze the tolerance of the ruling regime towards American jazz music, as an instrument of cultural diplomacy, in the fifties and sixties of former Czechoslovakia. At the same time, it tries to find the reasons and preconditions which all led to organizing concerts of American jazz ambassadors, despite the negative attitude of the communist party towards jazz music. The author concludes that the communist authorities could use the concerts of African-American jazzmen in their own propaganda, emphasizing American racial segregation. Jazz music was also much more bearable for the Communists to let in in comparison to other new musical genres because it did not incite revolt.
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Stereotyping of Indians in professional sports in the USA: Case studies of Cleveland Indians and Washington Redskins
Jeník, Šimon ; Kýrová, Lucie (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the stereotypical depiction of the Indigenous peoples of North America in sports within the United States. In the United States, American Indians are presented with a distorted and biased image of the "White man's Indian," which is reflected in the names and logos of teams in the sports industry. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to evaluate biased views of Indians and to provide evidence of the negative impacts of mascots and logos on Native Americans in professional sport. Case studies of the Cleveland Indians and the Washington Redskins were used for this purpose. The method of qualitative analysis and the method of oral history for interviews with respondents were used to study the sources that deal with this topic. The conclusion of the thesis summarizes the negative and racist depictions of Native American logos and mascots, which are mere articles of the owners of the above- mentioned clubs. These logos and images harm the real Indians and create a vacuum that presents them as historical relics. In conclusion, the author proposes a solution to this controversy, which is the abandonment of the use of Native American symbols in sports.
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The implications of China's activities in Latin America on the hegemonic position of the US in the region in the early 21st century
Sánchez, Eugenio ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
The implications of China's activities in Latin America on the hegemonic position of the US in the region in the early 21st century Eugenio Sánchez Abstract In the last two decades, China has significantly changed the balance of power in international relations. The question is whether a similar pattern can be observed in the context of Latin America, which would imply a disruption of the US hegemony in the region. This thesis seeks to answer this question by assessing the Chinese involvement in Latin America in the period between 2000-2019 in three areas - economic, military and cultural. Special focus is given to the definition of the concept of hegemony and the identification of the basic features of the US hegemony in Latin America. This thesis concludes that China has become an important economic player in the Latin American region, however its influence in the two other fields (military and cultural) has not been so significant. Also, China's economic impact is limited to a few South American countries and does not threaten the overall hegemonic position of the United States in Latin America.
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Militia during the The American War of Independence
Uhrová, Dominika ; Koura, Jan (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis will deal with the issue of militia during the American War of Independence. It will introduce some important personalities and commanders associated with the activities of the militia, as well as outline the important military campaigns in which militia participated. This theme will be set in the broader context of the history of militia in American society. Finally, I will focus on the position of the militia after the war and its anchoring in the American legal system. In this section, attention will be paid to the Constitution of the United States of America, the Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America and to The Militia Act of 1792. Finally, I will evaluate the importance of militia in the formation of the United States of America and try to answer the question of whether the United States of America would have existed without the existence of the militia. Key words: The American War of Independence; militia; United states of America
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