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Three stories between East and West: "Virtuous young man", "Divine lover", "Sacrifice of a child"
Špicová, Zuzana ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the realization of three narratives -"Virtuous Young Man", "Divine Lover", and "Sacrifice of a Child"- in diverse literatures of East and West. Basic form, characters/(arche)types, and motifs and their possible variations depending on cultural, literary, and religious/mythological setting are presented for each plot. Using historical and comparative poetics, each plot is analysed from the first extant adaptations in European and non-European literatures to the modern ones. The thesis puts an emphasis on specification and configuration of particular motifs, variations depending on the religious-mythological context, and tension between the same and different, general pattern and specific realization, type and character.
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The expressiveness of experience: a structural and phenomenological account of the Russian formalists' "aesthetic of estrangement"
Flack, Patrick ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Kubíček, Tomáš (referee) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
In their seminal studies in literary theory and poetics, the Russian formalists (Šklovskij, Tynjanov, Jakobson, etc.) famously claim that aesthetic experience amounts to a self-valuable, concrete act of perception functionally induced and conditioned by the formal structure of a work of art or literature. This aesthetic principle, christened by Šklovskij as "estrangement" (ostranenie), played an instrumental role in the formalists' contribution to the establishment and development of literary theory as an autonomous scientific discipline. It has also regularly inspired other thinkers and provided the impetus for productive new insights on art or literature, a fact that seems to underline its acuity and relevance. At the same time however, the formalists' "strange" account of art and literature has been routinely disparaged for being altogether inadequate, philosophically flimsy and descriptively too narrow. Critics have pointed out that the formalists' assertions on the topic of perception rest but on a set of ad hoc psychological hypotheses and are overly determined by their specific scientific aims and modernist prejudices. Worse, the principle of estrangement has been credibly attacked for being semiotically naïve and for stripping art and literature of any "content" or meaning, to say nothing...
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The illusive world. Dreaming and seeming in selected modern texts
Izdná, Petra ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Vojvodík, Josef (referee)
The thesis aims at the interpretation of the several Early Modern literature masterpieces through the theme of the illusive world. The literary comparison of such diverse works as William Shakespeares romances, Calderóns play and allegorical novels of Comenius or Baltasar Gracián unveils some common features. The analysis of numerous motives of dreaming and deception and of the traditional topoi "life is a dream" and "the world is a theatre" illustrates the feelings of delusion and insecurity as well as a spiritual desire for the transcendence at the Baroque period.
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Transformations of the US Foreign Policy
Pokorný, Martin ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Jireš, Jan (referee)
Transformation of the US Foreign Policy Diploma thesis "Transformation of the US Foreign Policy" consists changes and tranformations in the US foreign policy connected with alternations of president's administratives. Especially with the alternation in 2001, when Goerge W. Bush supplied Bill Clinton and than with 2009 when Barack Obama became president of the USA. My essential resource were special books about US foreign policy. Thereafter books from the field of theory of international relations and finally I used internet resources as special articles or manifests records. Diploma thesis is focused on foreign and security policy. Arise and progress of the USA shaped American identity. Hypothesis of work is connected with issue that even conducts and acts of administratives could be different, policy always following this American self-identity.
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The phenomenon of fiction
Koblížek, Tomáš ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee) ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor)
The subject of the work is the problem of the fictionality of literary texts. The work is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the nature of poetic language. The central thesis is that literature cannot be perceived as a set of objective attributes of a given statement but as the way utterance affects the reader, that is, as a phenomenon. This assumption allows us to define fictionality tentatively as a phenomenon or as an aspect of the phenomenon of literature. The second part introduces a critique of the theory of fictional world. The objections are concerned with the concept of the world as an aggregate of objects, characters and events, relation between the texture and the fictional world viewed as mediating representation, the concept of literary creation as a translating of extensional plane to the intensional one, and the concept of reading as the reconstruction of fictional objects. The third part suggests an answer to the problem of the fictionality. Considering Patočka's essay Učení o minulém rázu umění the phenomenon of literature is defined as the flowing of objective component of experience into the non-objective one. The fictional object is thus conceived as the vanishing object in the sense of its becoming the non-object.
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Towards an Eco-inspired poetics of minimalist narrative
Kuzmičová, Anežka ; Pokorný, Martin (referee) ; Bílek, Petr (advisor)
What is a minimalist narrative, and what are its characteristic features? How do you identify one? For many critics, minimalist writing is a strictly historical notion - even though they at the same time, like John Barth does in his famous apologetics "A Few Words About Minimalism", paradoxically enough stress its ubiquitous nature throughout literature of all times. By narrative minimalism the American critic generally means the austere style of the novels and short stories of Raymond Carver, Amy Hempel, Mary Robison, Joan Didion, Ann Beattie. An American literary current of the 1970s mainly, devoted merely to the quotidian, descriptive, often reduced to what can be perceived from the outside of a human character. Thereby: the "dirty realism" or "K-mart realism". These derogatory labels tell us that the literary reviewer and critic of today still formulates his terms and judgments out of a hierarchically ordered, traditional presupposition of what a narrative text is and should be, working with a virtual model of balance between "form" and "content". Translated into the language of classical narratology: story discourse.
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How to interpret Kafka? Criticism of the Czech reception of Kafka's work and an attempt a new approach
Soukup, Jiří ; Bílek, Petr (referee) ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor)
The point of departure of this thesis is a detailed research into Kafka's early periodical publications and into the earliest German reception connected to them. The Czech reception, not following until the first Kafka's book, is investigated here in several steps: desribed is as whole the Czech reception during Kafka's lifetime (1913-1923), at large the period before the February Coup d'état (1924-1948) and in a summarizing chapter we focus on the history of Kafka's reception until these days (1948-2010). The typological part of this thesis analyzes then in detail two different philosophical approaches to Kafka: the unsatisfactory Calasso's conception and an original understanding by Matěj Král. The aim is to distinguish productive lines of Kafka's philosophical interpretations through a substantial analysis and critique.
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Macrobius and his influence on the neo-Platonic interpretation of myths
Hlaváček, Jakub ; Putna, Martin C. (advisor) ; Kratochvíl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
The dissertation outlines the fundamental topics in Macrobius' poetics and philosophy which were to serve as the theoretical grounding for the literature of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Our main focus was Macrobius' treatment of poetic modes imitations (imitatio) and its relation to a broader philosophical framework wherein poetic modes, viewed as ontological archetypes, represent the world of ideas. We have shown that imitation draws heavily on imagination, which in Late Antiquity became rather highly valued. We have seen that the creative treatment of a textual model (archetype) is rooted in the Stoic analogy of godly and human creative acts. The dissertation explains Macrobius' interpretation of myths and his arguments defending their use in philosophy. I believe that it was Macrobius' defence of the "truth of myths" (albeit we have seen that Macrobius was heavily drawing on Proclos here whose influence, however, was minimal) which lies at the heart of the medieval and Renaissance revival of interest in myths. Finally, we have discussed what role myths and other leading themes of the neo-Platonic and Stoic philosophy of Late Antiquity played in the alchemist literature of the Middle Ages and Renaissance.
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Graphical Vizualization of Routing Algorithms
Pokorný, Martin ; Gajda, Zbyšek (referee) ; Jaroš, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is illustrate network topology, e.g . computers or processor, and communication in this network. The network can be displayed like a various topology, which is possible to manually modify. Position and interconnection of vertex is stored in delivered file. Second part of program is on displayed topology demonstrate collective communication between vertex. The kind of collective communication depend on selected routing algorithm, which is again stored in delivered file. Program output can be saved in the form of raster picture or XML document.
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