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Use of Paradigms HABLARÍA and HABRÍA HABLADO in Contemporary Spanish and Their Equivalents in Czech
Rapáňová, Lenka ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to point out the asymmetry between the form and function of the paradigms HABLARÍA and HABRÍA HABLADO. In the introductory chapters, we describe topics and terms related to the issue and then we focus on the description of the individual functions of the paradigms. Each function is defined with the help of secondary literature, which we supplement with practical examples of texts obtained from the language corpora CORPES XXI and InterCorp. Based on acquired knowledge, we proved that studied paradigms are widely used in the Spanish language and are applied not only in the temporal meaning but also in various modal meanings. Subsequently, we analyze the Czech translations of the paradigm HABRÍA HABLADO in the function condicional compuesto, which expresses hypothetical situations in the past. The results confirmed that the past conditional is no longer used in the Czech language and is usually replaced by the present conditional. Key words conditional, Czech, corpus, verbal paradigm, Spanish
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Spanish relational adjectives derived from nouns
Jarůšková, Lucie ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to the area of relational adjectives derived from nouns and the comparation between Czech and Spanish language. The relational adjectives in Spanish are mainly derived from Latin and appear in the specialized texts or in the literary texts as figurative sense. Common speaker prefers using prepositional phrase with a noun. The thesis aim is to investigate the difference in the use of desubstantive adjetives and prepositional phrase, define their semantic contexts, compare to the use of qualifying adjectives and verify the Czech translation. The practical part is based on the work with corpus, the analysis of choosen Czech adjectives and their semantic equivalents in Spanish. The research may contribute to the better understanding of difference in the expressing of relative adjectives in both languages.
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Arabic element in the dialect of Granada
Feltová, Veronika ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the Arabic element in the dialect of Granada. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on the historical and cultural context of Arabic presence on the Iberian Peninsula, the influence of Arabic on Spanish and also the dialect of Eastern Andalusia, especially Granada. The practical part is then dedicated to the research of selected vocabulary of Arabic origin and its knowledge among people in the region of Granada. Key words Spanish, Arabic, Arabisms, loanwords from Arabic, Arabs, dialect, Andalusia, Andalusian dialect, Granada, vocabulary, questionnaire research, language contact
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The variation of the Andalusian dialect in Granada
Hartmanová, Michaela ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
Andalusian represents a wide range of the Autonomous Community of Andalusia regional linguistic varieties, from which I focused on the speech in the Granada province. Having first introduced the very definition of the term "Andalusian", I subsequently clarified the notional linguistic divison of Andalusia into the western and eastern region represented by Granada. In the context of Andalusian, my aim was to characterize the Granada variety of Spanish from three points of view - phonetic-phonological, lexical and morphosyntactic, placing the greatest emphasis on the first two aspects, for the uniqueness of the variant lies primarily in its sound and vocabulary. Regarding specific linguistic phenomena of the phonetic level, this study deals with the vocal system (openness of vocals), a much-discussed topic throughout the Spanish-speaking world - ceceo, seseo and yeísmo, as well as various types of aspirations, neutralization of the -l/-r consonants, loss of the -d-, -g-, -r- intervocalic consonants and fricative pronunciation of the - ch palatal consonant. As for the vocabulary, a result of diverse cultures in Andalusia proliferating, it was elaborated on according to its division into several following categories: Occidentalisms, Orientalisms, archaisms, Arabisms, Gitanisms and diminutives. In contrast to...
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Linguistic Analysis of Newspaper Headlines in Spanish
Šťastná, Anna ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis focuses on describing characteristic linguistic features of newspaper headlines in Spanish. After introducing the area of study, the theoretical part explains key concepts such as journalism, news and opinion journalism, language and style of media and sums up differences between traditional and digital journalism. The third chapter is dedicated to the topic of newspaper headlines, the chapter presents their brief history, possible classifications and points out the importance of the visual form of newspapers. The crucial part deals with the issue of characteristic morphosyntactic, lexical and punctuation features of newspaper headlines. The fourth chapter describes the quality press El País, the digital version of this daily was used for the formation of corpus for the analysis of language material. The analysis derives from theoretical foundations and is the content of the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth chapter. Results of partial analyses are generalized in the conclusion of the thesis, which describes specifics of language used in newspaper headlines and determines main differences between headlining of articles in various sections of the newspaper.
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Depiction of Family in Spanish and Czech Phraseology
Pérez Medrano, Jana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe Czech and Spanish idiomatic phrases related to family members. The thesis consists of three parts - theoretical, practical and case study. The initial part is dedicated to theoretical aspects of phraseology and determination of basic terms regarding the differences in approach of Czech and Spanish linguistics. The base of the practical part is a corpus of Czech and Spanish idiomatic phrases which are analysed from semantic point of view. The emphasis is primerily put on the research of the rate of equivalence between Spanish and Czech idioms and to the investigation of differnces and common features between both languages. The case study follows on from the list of Mexican idiomatic phrases related to family members that are further analysed from semantic viewpoint.
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Lexical negation in Spanish
Malinová, Markéta ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with negation in Spanish, especially lexical negation and negative prefixes. It is divided into two parts: the first one is theoretical which is followed by a practical one, which contains its own research. The aim of the first part is to genereally define negation from the perspective of various disciplines and to characterize the means that are used to create the negative (in Spanish and Czech). The greatest emphasis is placed on word- formation negation, that is why basic word-forming processes are defined here. In the theoretical part, the greatest attention is paid to prefixation: basic categories of prefixes are described with emphasis on negative prefixes. The second part focuses on the research which is based on the work with the language corpus and subsequently the questionnaire, which was created for the purpose of the work. The aim of the practical part is to discover some specifics in the behaviour of individual negative prefixes (a-, des-, in-, anti- and contra-) and their possible interchangeability. Subsequently conclusions are drawn from this part, following the theoretical part and completing the overall view of lexical negation in Spanish.
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The Function of the Paradigm HE HABLADO in Different Areas of the Spanish-Speaking World
Stoček, Martin ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with various uses of the paradigm HE HABLADO in different areas of the Spanish-Speaking world. It is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. Concerning the theoretical part, I focus in general on Spanish past tenses which I consider relevant for this thesis, I further explain the contrast between terms aspect, perfective and perfect, then I examine differences between HE HABLADO and HABLÉ paradigms using various grammar books and I also divide the Spanish-speaking world into various areas. Moreover, in the theoretical part I describe possibilities of interpretation of the paradigm HE HABLADO from the perspective of The Royal Spanish Academy. In the practical part, I analyse examples of the Spanish present perfect in each of the seven zones I define in the theoretical part. To do so, I use my own sub-corpora created by extracting a certain number of results from the CORPES XXI corpus. In these sub-corpora, I examine the general frequency of occurrences as well as assigning the results to individual interpretations and I also analyse different examples. The findings and results obtained are further supported in some cases by secondary analyses on CEMC, CORPES XXI or Corpus Del Español corpora. Key words Spanish, corpus study, present perfect, past simple, paradigm,...
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Use of Mood in Relative Clauses in Spanish (with Reference to Czech)
Součková, Tereza ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The present work deals with the use of mood in relative clauses in Spanish and its translations to Czech. The aim of the research, by means of analysis of language corpora, is firstly to find out if the everyday language used in these clauses corresponds to the norms of Spanish grammar, and secondly to observe Czech translations, particularly if the subjunctive is situated in the Spanish relative clause. General conclusions are drawn from these observations.
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Selected Anglicisms in Spanish
Brož, Stanislav ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the adaptation of Anglicisms in Spanish. It consists of a theoretical part dealing with Anglicisms in general and assimilation processes that occur during their incorporation into Spanish, and of a practical part which contains a corpus analysis of variants of selected Anglicisms, divided into groups according to the termination. The last chapter generalizes the results of the analysis and describes the current state of usage of the original and assimilated variants of the words. The main aim of the work was to generally map the process of adaptation of Anglicism and consequently the occurrence of variants of selected representatives. According to the results of the analysis, it can be said that almost every Anglicism is used in more forms, the predominant one depends on the particular word.
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