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The Czech refugees from the occupied borderland in the time of Second Republic (1938-1939)
Benda, Jan ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Gebhart, Jan (referee)
V poslední době se rozšířily příspěvky k problému uprchlíků, kteří v důsledku Mnichovské dohody a mnoha dalších důvodů, ať už politických, rasových, či ekonomických opustili své domovy na území zabraném Německem, Polskem a Maďarskem. Stalo se tak pravděpodobně i v souvislosti s tlakem sudetoněmeckých krajanských sdružení na odškodnění za zabavený majetek po 2. světové válce. Pozornost není upřena jen na ně, ale i na české přestěhovalce ze Slovenska. Obecně mě k tomuto tématu inspirovaly články Miroslava Šišky v sobotním Právu a snaha poznat situaci v mém městě, které leželo na cestě uprchlíků z pohraničí do hlavního města. Důvodem byla také snaha vidět téma s konkrétními aktéry - osobami, které dosavadní obecná literatura, vzhledem ke své podstatě, může velmi těžce zachytit. I proto jsem se rozhodl, směřovat jádro této práce k osvětlení situace v Kralupech nad Vltavou -okresním městě ve středních Čechách, které se muselo ze dne na den vypořádat s přílivem stovek uprchlíků. (Uprchlíkem je pro mě každý, kdo splňoval definici tohoto označení uvedenou v Jednacím řádu Ústavu pro péči o uprchlíky. Se stejným významem používám i další označení hraničáři, či utečenci.) Pozornost této sondy by měla být upřena zejména na situaci ve městě včetně místní péče o uprchlíky, kteří přišli do Kralup ze svých domovů. Z...
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Political ideas of Bohumil Laušman - story of the democratic socialist
Horák, Pavel ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Gebhart, Jan (referee)
Bohumil Laušman (born August 30th, 1903) was a member of the Social Democratic Party. He was elected member of the National Assembly for the Pardubice region after ten years in regional politics. At the age of thirty-one he became the youngest Member of Parliament. He organised the foundation of the second parliament formation after the Munich events within the system of limited democracy, the National Labour Party. Not only did he show courage, he also showed sense for reality, when he was regulating some left-wing radicals in the weak party. He participated actively in the resistance after the establishment of the protectorate. In his resistance, he promoted collaboration across the political spectrum. That is why the selfconfident Laušman entered the exile with the idea that the left-wing party should have a moral right to determine political direction of exile institutions, which were forming at that time. His obvious left-wing tendency and non-constructive behaviour are possible to be seen after the failure of his political formation of Czechoslovakia's resistance movement in Paris and London. He travelled to the USSR in the middle of the year 1942 to get acquainted with political ideas of the representatives of the Czechoslovak resistance residing there, possibly to get their political support. During...
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Society for the Renovation of Lidice in the interrelationships with the central and local officces of the state administration and in the interrelationship with the Ideology of the Communist Party in the years 1945/ 46 - 1960
Bechnerová, Pavla ; Pokorný, Jiří (advisor) ; Koura, Petr (referee) ; Gebhart, Jan (referee)
This dissertation deals with The Society for the Renovation of Lidice in years 1945-1960 and shows its place in a wider history context. After introduction part the relationship between The Society and village Lidice is defined, but in this case it is very important to make a difference between old and new, post-war Lidice. Both of them were represented in a poetry, which is brought to attention then. The main part of dissertation, which results in the first place from the archive materials and post-war press, deals with problematic interrelationships between The Society and offices of a state administration and with a specification of a main purpose of The Society, which was a granting new homes for Lidice and Ležáky returned citizens. Then it is explained an influence of the Communist Party and its ideology on The Society and Lidice and it newly takes base on description of local basic organizations of the Communist Party and National Front and on an analyse of ideologically important topics. A final reflection deals with a place of new Lidice in a collective memory. KEYWORDS The Society for Renovation of Lidice, new Lidice, women of Lidice, national committee, centralization, communist ideology, poetry, memory
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Journalist and politician Hubert Ripka
Pavlát, David ; Gebhart, Jan (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee) ; Kvaček, Robert (referee)
During the first republic, Hubert Ripka (1895-1958) was one of the most active democratic orientated journalists and closest colleagues of minister of foreign affairs and later president Edvard Beneš. His political and journalist beginnings are connected with national democratic group Mladá generace. What was crucial for Ripka's career was the split between left and right wings of Mladá generace in 1920, when he - after the victory of the right wing - withdrew. Antonín Pešl brought him to the Národní osvobození, which was associated with Československá obec legionářská and politics of Hrad. In the area of foreign policy he focused above all on monitoring political and cultural life in Jugoslavia, he became a secretary of Československo-jihoslovanská liga, member of Slovanský ústav, he contributed to the Jugoslavian periodicals and to the renovated Slovanský přehled. Ripka's most important lecture activity was associated with prestigious Klub Přítomnost. He worked in Lidové noviny since 1930, yet he still contributed to a lot of other periodicals. With growing threat of Pangermanism he concentrated on all kinds of support of Little Entente. He made informative foreign trips since 1932, from which he brought summary reports to E. Beneš. In 1934 he participated significantly in the programme of...
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Reflection of political process in childern`s magazines between the years 1968-1970 in Czechoslovakia
Janík, Tomáš ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Gebhart, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis aims to analyze magazines for children and youth, which were printed between 1968 and 1970 in Czechoslovakia. I will focus on the content and also formal aspects of selected journals, and both aspects will be examined in the light of the background of the political events of the period. The aim will be to point out any propaganda and to determine to what extent the magazines for children affected by contemporary political discourse. Author will also undertake a comparison of each magazine on the grounds of any differences, even pointing to the environment from which individual journals have emerged.
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Rakovník in the 30th the 20th
Bělka, Václav ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Gebhart, Jan (referee)
The presented thesis describes the life in the city of Rakovnik in 1930s. It deals mainly with political situation in the Rakovnik city including the hectic end of 1930s, especially the important problem of refugees. The work is also focused on military and police affairs that were located in the city during the given time. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the city's social life, economy (especially with the focus on big companies), education system, culture, health care and situation in church. The work describes the overall development of the city of Rakovnik till the 15th of March 1939.
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"Czech", or "Czechoslovak" Army? The ethnic and nationality composition of the Czechoslovak military units-in-exile in 1939 - 1945
Maršálek, Zdenko ; Gebhart, Jan (advisor) ; Borák, Mečislav (referee) ; Němeček, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Arts Institute of Czech Studies Historical Sciences - Czech History Zdenko M a r š á l e k ABSTRACT OF THE PhD THESIS "Česká", nebo "československá" armáda? Národnostní složení československých vojenských jednotek v zahraničí v letech 1939-1945 "Czech", or "Czechoslovak" Army? The ethnic and nationality composition of the Czechoslovak military units-in-exile in 1939-1945 tutor: prof. PhDr. Jan Kuklík, CSc. (†) PhDr. Jan Gebhart, DrSc. 2014 ABSTRACT General background One of the most important phenomena, which is important especially in current and future Europe, is the problem of the personal self-identification of individuals in the multinational and multicultural environment of higher (e.g., political) units, in particular national self- identification. For research about the problems connected with this phenomenon, the sample of the Czechoslovak units-in-exile during the World War II is an almost ideal historical model. The Czechoslovak units were, by far, the most diverse armed forces among the all exile-armies; yet this issue has not attracted the attention it deserves, neither in terms of different nationalities, nor from the perspective of ethnic issues in the units as a whole. The issue of the nationality in the resistance-in-exile was determined by the needs...
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Czech Union of Warriors
Václavík, Robert ; Gebhart, Jan (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
In the period of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, the Czech Union of Warriors (CUW) was an organisation collaborating with the occupational power. Te founder of the CUW, Otto Bláha, a retired colonel of gendarmerie, in 1940 promoted to general, tried to achieve the dissolution of military associations existing till then, attempting to form a unified organisation of war veterans. One of the pillars of the CUW was the Czech Union for Collaboration with Germans, in which Bláha was in charge of invervention activites with German authorities. The scond pillar of the rising CUW was the Union of Front Soldiers. Bláha took over the leadership in this union and from the occupational bodies acquired an approval to form a unifeid organisation under the managment of the newly forming CUW. In spite of all the endeavours of CUW, it never happened. The Articles of the CUW were approved of in 1914 and Bláha was appointed its head. The CUW was often in contact with the bodies of both the protectorate and occupational administrations and filed a number of proposals ofrt he integration of CUW int the public and political lives.
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Retardation, collaboration and activism of army elite in the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia
Veselý, Martin ; Gebhart, Jan (advisor) ; Borák, Mečislav (referee) ; Němeček, Jan (referee)
5 Abstract: Dissertation work is concerned with a political activism phenomenon, retardation and programme collaboration of army elite in Bohemia and Moravia Protectorate study. The aim of the work is to explore and chart the public and political life in Bohemia and Moravia Protectorate with a special attention to high Czech commissioned officer activity not only to summarize the acquired information but also to put them into the context with a development of Protectorate autonomous and occupation politics. The Thesis is not only focuses on the activity on the main organisations and their leading personalities but devotes its attention to opinions and points of view of centers of protectorate autonomous and occupation administration towards them, which had an influence on the organisation activity and their leaders. It situates them into the protectorate politics on the background of the events. The Thesis theme concentrates basically on the activity of the main Protektorate organisations and of the former soldiers such as Czech Union of Warriors and Central Union Former Soldiers in Bohemia and Moravia and their leaders - the general Otto Bláha, Robert Rychtrmoc and Bohuslav Kálala. In addition to that it also focuses on the activity of political and statutory organisations called National Conviviality,...
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