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The politics of Edward I. on the British isles and in France
Kovaříková, Šárka ; Picková, Dana (referee) ; Drška, Václav (advisor)
King Edward I reigned in England for thirty five years. The authors of medieval chronicles speak about him as magnificent ruler, capable warrior and politician. Modern historians write about many problems and wars he had to resolve or win, mostly with success. England of Edward I had two more outer parts - Wales and Ireland. Wales was divided among powerfull barons who had to perform homagium to English kings. Between 1272 and 1307 there were three rebelions led by native princes. After last of them, in 1292, Wales was finaly conquered by English. Ireland was supposed to be firmly in English hands; Edward never visited the country nor had to send army to it. In the thirteenth century there were two kingdoms on the British Isles - England and Scotland. English kings tried to obtain influential position in the northern realm; Scottish kings had to perform homagium to them. Question is whether this was for Scotland or only for lands which Scottish kings held in England. In 1290 the dynasty of Scottish kings died out and Edward I took the opportunity. He chose new ruler and after John Balliol failed in his duties to England, Edward entered Scotland with army. The campaigns, thanks to resist in the northern part of the kingdom, continued until the end of Edward's reign. Scotland was never fully conquered. The...
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Regnum Baiowariorum. The Frank Empire and Bavarian Duchy in 9th century's narrative resources
Ženka, Oldřich ; Picková, Dana (referee) ; Drška, Václav (advisor)
This work is focused on the period of the faU of the Frank empire in the 9th cen tury and on the role of the tribal duchies, which is demonstrated on the example of Bavaria. The author analyzes the most relevant contemporary narative resources of this period in order to characterize their terminology and conception of the empire. A portrait of Bavaria is icorporated into this wide scheme in an effort to demonstrate its local specificity, its close affinity to the ruling house and other concomitants of this phenomenon. The work also puts down an accent on the rising importance of aristocracy in the empire and in the Bavarian duchy, because this social class had to become the key player in policy of the 10th cen tury in the future German territory.
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Martin Luther and Filip Melanchton and their impact on the formation of Confessio Augustana
Brdlíková, Kateřina ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee) ; Drška, Václav (advisor)
This work deals two leading authorities of german reformation, Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchton. It focuses especially on some differences in their theological confessions and in their writings and then on symptoms of humanism phenomenon in the task of the both actors. The most important compendium of their teaching is Confessio Augustana and its' Apology. Its' author, Philipp Melanchton, expressed here criticism of catholic Church and justified here changes, which were in new protestant Church performed. Interpretation of other writings is intended to explain fundamental princips of lutherian dogmatism.
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Urban II and the church reform
Bečán, Petr ; Drška, Václav (referee) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor)
The main theme of this bachelors work is an analysis Pope Urban II.'s relation to church reform in the 11th and 12th centuries. The first part outlines the religious-political situation in Western Europe from the 10th century, through beginnings of papal reform to pontificate of Gregory VII. The second chapter describes how two significant reform centres, Reims and Cluny, influenced the development and formation of future pope Urban II.'s character. The third and final chapter is devoted to analysing the importance of Urban's reform councils, the reorganisation of papal administration and other circumstances surrounding the developement of church reform.
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The politics of Edward I. on the British isles and in France
Kovaříková, Šárka ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Nejedlý, Martin (referee)
King Edward I reigned in England for thirty five years. The authors of medieval chronicles speak about him as magnificent ruler, capable warrior and politician. Modern historians write about many problems and wars he had to resolve or win, mostly with success. England of Edward I had two more outer parts - Wales and Ireland. Wales was divided among powerfull barons who had to perform homagium to English kings. Between 1272 and 1307 there were three rebelions led by native princes. After last of them, in 1292, Wales was finaly conquered by English. Ireland was supposed to be firmly in English hands; Edward never visited the country nor had to send army to it. In the thirteenth century there were two kingdoms on the British Isles - England and Scotland. English kings tried to obtain influential position in the northern realm; Scottish kings had to perform homagium to them. Question is whether this was for Scotland or only for lands which Scottish kings held in England. In 1290 the dynasty of Scottish kings died out and Edward I took the opportunity. He chose new ruler and after John Balliol failed in his duties to England, Edward entered Scotland with army. The campaigns, thanks to resist in the northern part of the kingdom, continued until the end of Edward's reign. Scotland was never fully conquered. The...
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Military organization and war activities in the early middle ages and their influence on social changes
Šťastný, Jan ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee) ; Drška, Václav (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to describe the development of the Frankish military organization and social changes in the early mediaeval Kingdom of the Franks brought about by this development. The first section describes relations in Gaul at the end of the Roman period and the onset of Frankish infiltration into the territory of the Roman Empire. The focus of interest after the Frankish conquest of Gaul under Clovis is the development of the Frankish military system from the 6th to the beginning of the 9th century. There is a description of the composition of this system and its strengths and weaknesses, and the military achievements of the Merovingian kings and subsequently the Carolingian rulers. A period of great importance is the 8th century, during which there was not only a change of dynasty but also important changes in the Frankish armed forces and society in general. This constituted a decisive step towards the later feudal arrangements in western Europe at the height of the Middle Ages. The final section of the thesis is an analysis of the impacts of these military and organisational changes on contemporary society, with a particular focus on Frankish social elites, which were of very great importance in subsequent developments. This work has been based primarily upon a number of sources of...
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Hungarian policy of Habsburgs in the 15th century
Černíková, Helena ; Drška, Václav (referee) ; Picková, Dana (advisor)
In December 1437 was Albert II ofHabsburg elected the Hungarian king. He became the first member of the dynasty, who held the crown of St. Stephen. In the late 1430's took Habsburgs complete control of Central Europe, because Albert was simoultaneously ruling in the Bohemian kingdom and in the Austrian Hereditary Lands. However, the extraordinary power of Habsburgs in Danubian Basin had been undermined after Albert's premature dead in October 1439. Rebuilding of powerful Danubian monarchy belonged to the main tasks of Habsburg's foreign policy in the following decades. The struggle for both St. Stephen and St. Wenceslas crown finally succeeded in 1526.
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Victor IV and his successors: Church politics during the Papal Schism (1159-1180)
Strnadová, Kristýna ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the politics of Antipope Victor IV and his successors Paschal III, Calixtus III and Innocent III, who were the opponents of Alexander III since the schismatic elections of 1159. The aim is to analyse the political thinking and actions of the antipopes, with an emphasis on the political relations of Victor IV. The thesis is divided into six thematic sections. The first deals with the pre-election developments and the election of 1159 itself. The second considers their position in relation to Alexander III, while the third turns to the papal-imperial policy and examines the relationship between the antipopes and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. The fourth section discusses the status and relations of the antipopes outside the Holy Roman Empire. The penultimate chapter examines the attitude of the imperial clergy to the pontificates of the antipopes as well as the obedience of the imperial monasteries, according to papal documents. The final chapter constructs biographies of the antipopes, focusing on the period before their pontificates.
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Poverty of the first Franciscan religious buildings on the example of the selected sites in England during the years 1224-1258/1259
Ollé, Martin ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The master thesis is focused on the interpretation of the attitude of Francis of Assisi towards the poverty of the first Franciscan religious buildings. Religious buildings of the English Franciscans from the selected sites from the years 1224-1258/1259 will comprise the case studies. The goal of their study is to show the extent to which they reflected Francis's approach towards poverty of buildings. The study of Francis's understanding of poverty of buildings will be based on the analysis of the chosen written sources of the order's provenance. Besides Thomas of Eccleston, whose work known as Tractatus de adventu fratrum Minorum in Angliam belongs to the most important narrative sources within the examined period, the royal grants for construction and the reports from the sites which were archaeologically excavated will be used for the reconstruction of the character and liturgical function of the first religious buildings of the English Franciscans. A summary of the degree of expression of poverty on the examples of the analyzed religious buildings of the English Franciscans will be the subject of the conclusion of the master thesis.
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