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Spanish and Czech Phraseology and Idioms Considering Journalistic Texts
Bernáthová, Dominika ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
This thesis is focused on the analysis of phrasemes and idioms in Spanish and Czech journalistic texts. In its theoretical part, we discuss the definition of phraseology and idioms as linguistic disciplines within Czech and Spanish linguistics. The practical part contains a sample corpus of phrases and idioms based on selected excerpts from newspaper articles during a specific time period. These linguistic units are divided into thematic groups by their base words, their meaning is explained and formal and substantive similarities between Czech and Spanish are observed. We do not aim at presenting a set of idioms of the language, only to point out the currently used idioms in journalistic texts. Key words phraseology, set phrase, idiom, Czech language, Spanish language, journalism, semantics, equivalent
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Spanish vowels in Czech students' interlanguage
Černikovská, Štěpánka ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zajícová, Lenka (referee) ; Skarnitzl, Radek (referee)
(English) The dissertation explores the vowel system of Czech L3 Spanish, focusing on three facets of its architecture: vowel quality (following SLM by Flege 1995, 1999, 2003), vowel quantity and vocalic sequences between words. Preliminary studies (Čechová 2013, 2014) suggest that there might be some evidence for the Mechanism of Equivalence in Czech L3 Spanish, since the vowel spaces of both languages consist of the same categories, with different phonetic realizations. Hence, the more similar the sounds are, the harder it is to capture the relevant difference, necessary to attain native-like pronunciation. Vowel quantity, being traditionally associated with the phonological feature of length in Czech (Palková 1994), is not present in Spanish, and compensating for that property, some Czech speakers tend to pronounce accented syllables with extraordinarily longer durations. Finally, vowel sequences in Spanish are usually subjetct to resyllabification, whereas Czech prefers glottalization to keep morphemes of words separated. These predictions were tested in 22 university Czech students with advanced level of Spanish (C1-C1). Subsequent analysis revealed consistent inclination towards L1 in terms of vowel quality, in less extent in vowel quantity, and although the prevalecent strategy for majority...
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Prefixation in Contemporary Spanish
Řepíková, Kamila ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
This diploma thesis takes a comprehensive look at the matter of prefixation in contemporary Spanish and it is therefore divided into two parts. In the first one, we occupy ourselves with the area of constructional morphology and tackle theoretical matters. From the more general topics of word formation we then proceed to prefixation itself which we then attempt to define and describe in more detail. We outline the issues of concept delimitations, definition of prefixation, classification of prefixes and other controversial matters related to this process in the Spanish language. The second part of the thesis is of a more practical nature. There, we focus on the semantic meanings (locative and gradative) some prefixes may acquire. We then concentrate on specific prefixes (entre-, inter-, sobre-, super-), their distribution among word classes, and finally, using InterCorp, a parallel language corpus, we study Czech equivalents of selected elements.
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Linguistic sexism in contemporary Spanish
Hofmanová, Sabina ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
(in English): As the title itself indicates, the topic of this thesis is the linguistic sexism in contemporary Spanish. The theoretical part offers a critical perspective on the phenomenon of so called sexism in language and defines terms such as linguistic sexism, androcentrism or invisibilization of women in the language. It also provides a brief outline of the development of gender linguistics with an emphasis on Spanish-speaking countries and provides an overview of important works on the topic. The thesis also deals with the contrast between linguistic sexism and sexism as a social issue, as well as with the question whether language can be sexist, or whether the sexism is caused by the way the speakers use the language. Particular attention is paid to the issue of gender in language and phenomena that are considered as sexist, especially the generic masculine. The practical part is mainly dedicated to lexical issues: denoting women in professions that were traditionally male and idioms and set phrases that can be examples of sexist use of language or a possible reflection of social sexism in language. It also analyses the asymmetry in addressing women and men in a polite way, inadequate pairs, apparently dual forms and missing lexical units as well as insults and profanities that can be...
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Language characteristics of the Gibraltarian speech yanito/llanito
Ducká, Viktorie ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to explain and describe the basic aspects of the language situation in Gibraltar. In the introduction is briefly summarized the cultural and historical context in which the question of Gibraltarian nationality and linguistic identity are developed. The theme of the other chapters is the issue of the concept itself. Llanito, Yanito or Gibberish are some of the terms that are used in linguistics to refer to a typical speech used by habitants of Gibraltar only. In this chapter are presented the linguistic theories on the origin and development of the specific terminology. The following chapter contains phonetic, morphosyntactic and lexical characteristics of the analysed language structure. The description of each plane is connected and put into the context. The fourth chapter explores the influence of the major European languages in Gibraltarian speech. Other chapters describe dictionaries Yanito and the influence of this language structure on literature and media. Key words: llanito/yanito, bilingualism in Gibraltar, language code-switching, morfosyntactic structures, linguistic and social interaction, dictionaries.
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The role of information centre in marketing a place on an example of agency CzechTourism
Čermák, Petr ; Johnova, Radka (advisor) ; Lipková, Helena (referee)
The bachelor thesis "The role of information centre in marketing a place on an example of agency CzechTourism" deals with the role of information centre and marketing in the area of tourism on an example of government organization CzechTourism. This thesis describes different functions of the agency, especially its marketing action in area of Czech Republic propagation, as a destination of tourism interest. Basic information about marketing in tourism area will be shown in the introduction. That is followed by Czech Authority of CzechTourism, which contains basic information about agency, agency-used communication form included, marketing concept, marketing strategy, swot analysis of destination, and other forms of CzechTourism marketing. Representation of CzechTourism abroad will be presented in conclusion, together with results of my personal research, which deals with questions about organization actions.
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Conditional sentences: sociolinguistic factors of deviations from the norm
Vinarčíková, Jana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the form and the meaning of Spanish conditional sentences. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part we define basic terms and introduce 3 types of conditional sentences. We also try to clarify the use of the verbal modes and tenses and to describe what they express from the semantic point of view. Then we describe the use of non-normative forms of conditional sentences and we focuse on the non-normative use of the conditional instead of the subjunctive. The theoretical part is followed by the practical part, in which we analyse conditional conjunctions via parallel language corpus InterCorp. The aim of this analysis is to characterize chosen conditional conjunctions from their specific and practical point of view. Key words: conditional sentences, Spanish, norm, deviations from the norm, conditional conjunctions, corpus, InterCorp
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Language of Spanish Constitution
Sedláčková, Petra ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
(in English): The theme of this thesis is lengauge of the Spanish constitution in the context of legal Spanish. The main objective of the thesis is to characterize the language of the Spanish constitution. In the first part, the theoretical base established through a summary of past and contemporary knowledge using the method of literary research. It also contains the examples of the charakteristic features across the Spanish legal norms. The second part of the thesis is focused on a linguistic analysis of the Spanish constiturtion. At first, the linguistic features are defined and then demonstrated through concrete examples. The last part of the thesis is dedicated to the question of modernization of legal Spanish in the context of multivalent interpretation of legal norms.
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The modal verbal periphrases and their equivalents in Czech and Slovak
Výrosteková, Dominika ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
In this paper, we will investigate Spanish modal verbal periphrasis. My decision to choose this topic was based on different conceptions of verb construction in languages such as Spanish, Czech, and Slovak, where they are percieved more like modal verbs. This paper consists of two parts. The first is dedicated to theoretical enlightenment of the terms we are working with and to compare the different approaches in Spanish and Czech linguistic tradition. In the second part, we will clarify the modal verbal periphrasis that will validate the investigation in the other section. We will then study them by corpus analysis by using the parallel corpus, InterCorp. The main goal of this work is to determine different methods of translating Spanish modal periphrasis into the Czech and Slovak languages. Key words modality, modal verbs, verbal periphrasis, deber, tener que, poder, haber de
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The Human Body in Spanish phraseology and idiomatics with regard to the situation in the Czech and Slovak language
Szorádová, Lucia ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
The topics of this thesis are Spanish, Czech and Slovak phrasemes that contain words to do with the human body or its parts. The theoretical part of this work delimitates the concepts of phraseme, idiom etc. It describes the different attitudes to this topic in the Spanish and Czech linguistic tradition. The theoretical background serves as a base for the practical section which is dedicated to a dictionary and analysis of Czech and Spanish idioms. The practical section studies the dictionary from different points of view. It is focused on the frequency of use of the idioms in Spanish and Czech, the possibilities of translation and etymology of certain expressions.
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