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As dust elements endanger health in Ostrava and surroundings
PURMENSKÝ, Roman
The environment is a very significant factor in our everyday lives from the aspect of impact on health. It affects us at work and in the home. From the aspect of atmospheric quality the condition of the environment in the Czech Republic is not very good and represents a serious problem in the Moravian-Silesian Region. Air-borne dust in particular is a very significant pollutant in the city of Ostrava. This work is concerned with atmospheric quality, particularly dust particles, in Ostrava. The work is divided into a theoretical and empirical section. The theoretical section begins with a brief presentation of the history of Ostrava City. I subsequently discuss the quality of the atmosphere throughout the whole Moravian-Silesian Region. The next chapter is specifically about the solid pollutants, which can be found in the atmosphere. This chapter also specifies the health risks, what causes the harmful effect, describes classification of dust particles depending on harmful component content, division of dust fractions into PM10 and PM 2,5 and describes the main sources of PM10 and PM 2,5 dust fractions. The next chapter is titled: Toxicologically significant substances bound to solid particles. One sub-chapter covers the group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which includes the significant atmospheric pollutant called benzo(a)pyrene. The second sub-chapter covers the group of heavy metals and their characteristics with a description of their key harmful effects on human health. The next chapter, called measuring methods for PM10 fractions, covers classification of measuring methods for automated and manual metering stations. The following chapter discusses legislation concerning air-borne dust. The legislation is divided into two key Czech laws concerning protection of the atmosphere and additional European guidelines. After this chapter we mention the specific stations examining the quality of the atmosphere in Ostrava. The following stations were selected: Station Fifedy, Station Mariánské Hory, Station Zábřeh, Station Přívoz and Station Bartovice ? Radvanice. These metering stations are distributed throughout the territory of the city of Ostrava, thus providing results on concentrations of air-borne dust, which occurred during the period from 2006 to 2011 throughout the territory of Ostrava. Further chapters were devoted to emission limits for protection of human health and the maximum amounts by which these could be exceeded. The emission limits for specific pollutants over 24 hours and 1 calendar year are given in this chapter. The last chapter in the theoretical section is concerned with the smog situation and the conditions for announcing and ending a smog situation. The research or empirical section assesses the results of research, which focused on individuals living within Ostrava City and their awareness of the harmful dust. The results of the questionnaire survey are graphically portrayed in the results chapter. The results of measurements taken by the Czech Hydro-meteorology Office of PM10 dust fractions for the period between 2007 and 2011 are also processed here. These results are processed into tables for individual years with added with graphic portrayal. I used the questionnaire method for my quantitative research. This contained 19 questions and was distributed to 200 respondents, of which 106 were men and 94 were women. I used secondary data analysis for my additional research, which concerned dust particles. I believe that this work will be useful for offices in the field of communication with citizens, or it can be provided to citizens to read and to inform them of the problems concerning the atmosphere in Ostrava. I also believe that it may be recommended for reading by other towns and cities, which have problems with increased dust pollution.
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Biological activity of plant metabolites III. Influence of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. on acetylcholinesterase
Kubincová, Dagmar ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Kuča, Kamil (referee)
SOUHRN Spolu s ostatními diplomantkami (Šárkou Brožovou, Janou Nagyovou a Evou Vítkovou) jsem provedla extrakci 41,8 kg suché nati s kořeny. Primární extrakt jsme vyčistily filtrací a následným oddestilováním rozpouštědla na vakuové odparce. Dále jsme připravily sekvenčním postupem výtřepky s jednotlivými typy alkaloidů: šlo o dva diethyletherové výtřepky (získané po předchozí alkalizaci primárního extraktu uhličitanem sodným a hydroxidem draselným), které byly následně okyseleny kyselinou chlorovodíkovou, vzniklé kvartérní jodidy po přidání jodidu draselného vytřepány chloroformem a po následné alkalizaci extraktu amoniakem získány další kvartérní jodidy vytřepáním do směsi chloroform + ethanol 8,5:1,5. Já jsem se zabývala výtřepkem B, který obsahoval silně basické alkaloidy. Provedla jsem separaci výtřepku B pomocí sloupcové chromatografie. Zpracovávala jsem frakci 27- 46, jejíž odparek jsem po vysušení rozdělila na dvě části. První část (0,02 g) byla podrobena barevným reakcím s činidly, které prokázaly, že izolovaný alkaloid CH-M/B-1 je berberin.Dále jsem změřila teplotu tání Z druhé části odparku jsem získala 0,346 g žlutého prášku, který byl v závěru práce podroben testu vlivu látky na aktivitu AChE. Z naměřené hodnoty IC50= 0,221 (0,146- 0,228) μM je patrné, že látka CH-M/B-1 je vysoce aktivní v...
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Quality of life in chronic illness and long-term adverse health condition. Gender-based differences.
FILIPOVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor?s thesis is concerned with mapping the differences of both men and women in the quality of life. These are individuals who suffer from any disease of the indication group VII of spa treatment. Specifically it deals with musculoskeletal diseases. It figures out what differences in quality of life which are described in 8 domains using standardized questionnaire SF 36 are for both gender before and after spa treatment. The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on the analysis of the term ?quality of life?. It specifies it and clarifies its use in a comprehensive rehabilitation and other science disciplines. Hereafter it devotes to the definition of health where attaches indispensable functionality to the measuring of quality of life. Because the quality of life is not just an empty phrase, but an instrument that can comprehensively map the subjective problems in health status of the person. The above part also discusses the instruments by which the quality of the life is measured and so the standardized questionnaire SF 36 which is a necessary instrument for the work needs. The aim of the thesis is to find out what are the differences between the quality of life for both men and women disposed of a disease from the group VII spa treatment and specify them. A hypothesis is connected with this aim: The quality of life of women with chronic diseases classified in the indication group VII is worse than men with the same disease. The research part further explains the applied tools for gaining the data. It closely describes used methodology of data collection including number of respondents and percentage of return. Specifically, the research was conducted with 12 men and 13 women. These probands completed the standardized questionnaire SF 36
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The Employment of Clients of the Halfway House
BOČANOVÁ, Marcela
This Bachelor thesis is called The Employment of Clients of the Halfway House. The theoretical part consists of three areas which describe the services of the Halfway House, the characteristics of its clients and also the possibilities of searching work. The practical part is focused on the research itself, used methodology, obtained results and discussion. The Halfway House is oriented on young people till they are 26 years old and who leave state school facilities for institutional protective upbringing once they reach a legal age. The other groups which this service is oriented on are people who are released from their sentence or from protective treatment. Last but not least, these houses are also intended for young people who suddenly find themselves in an unfavorable life situation which they are not capable to deal with on their own. The Halfway House provides accommodation at a reduced price, advisory and they also try to make the transition of their clients from institutional environment a little bit easier. During this transition, the people have to face many problems and searching for work is only one of them. Thanks to the institutional upbringing, they lack work habits, tend to be more psychically unstable and they usually have more issues with getting into new relationships. Current situation on labour market when the labour supply highly exceeds labour demand and the job offer is quite limited obviously does not benefit to the situation of these people. The aim of this thesis was to map the situation of the clients of the Halfway House and also to answer the research question what problems on the labour market these young people usually face. I chose a qualitative research to gather required data. As a methodology, I used interviewing with a usage of half-structured technique and a method of document analysis with the help of content analysis data technique. The research was performed with twelve people, four respondents were social workers from the Halfway House and other eight people were clients of these providers from whom three were unemployed. Three respondents came to these facilities from upbringing institution and the rest were from children?s home. Two respondents had only basic education, five respondents reached secondary education with certificate of apprenticeship and one respondent had a secondary education with leaving exam. The output of this research is a finding that situation of clients of the Halfway House is unfavorable at current conditions. To find a job, they use internet, job offers in magazines, personal contact with companies, acquaintances and job agencies. During the time they are unemployed, they are obliged to be registered at the Employment Office of the Czech Republic. The social worker stated that other problems the clients encounter on labour market, besides lack of work habits, unstable psyche, low communication skills, were incorporation into work society, solving of conflict situation with co-workers and high salary expectations. Clients themselves stated that the problems on labour market for them were high education expectations from the employers, complications with curriculum vitae compilation and writing of motivation letter. Two respondents also saw the problem in their ethnic membership and as a reason for their unemployment stated discrimination of a society. None of the respondents stated that was discriminated due to their institutional past. In my opinion, it is important to show the facilities like the Halfway House and social issues of young people who try to integrate themselves to a normal life after leaving institutional facilities because it is important to raise public awareness regarding this topic. This thesis can serve as a study material for students of social-law branches and also as a feedback for social worker of the Halfway House.
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Synthesis of antimicrobial active anilides and their sulphur analogues
Oktábec, Zbyněk ; Vinšová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Macháček, Miloš (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE PHARMACEUTICAL FACULTY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF ANORGANIC AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Diploma Thesis Synthesis Of Antimicrobial Active Anilides and Their Sulphur Analogues Zbyněk Oktábec Implementation of tert-butyl group into the molecule of benzoxazoles leads to enhancement of lipophility and therefore better penetration through lipoid mycobacterial cell-wall. Several derivates had shown 100-90 % activity in concentration 6,25 μg/ml against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in our series of 5,7-di-tert-butyl-benzoxazoles substituted in position No. 2 with aromatic substituent. Metabolism of benzoxazoles probably includes the opening of their structure. The goal of this thesis is to synthesize substituted N-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzamides and pyridinecarboxamides, their so-called "open forms". These structures could be also considered as "reversed salicylanilides" which have also a significant antitubercular activity. The first step of the synthesis of these analogues is preparation of 2-amino-3,5-di-tert- butylphenol. It was prepared by reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butylbenzo-1,2-quinone with ammonia and following reduction by NaBH4. Resulting DTB-aminophenol has been condensed with appropriate aromatic or heteroaromatic acids, while PCl3 in chlorobenzene was...
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Cell phones in children's society
Slavíková, Lucie ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Huněk, Filip (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the relationship between children of primary school age and cell phones. On the one hand it describes basic relationship during ongoing medialisation of society, on the other hand it shows few detailed descriptions, which are proved mainly within the practical part of this thesis. This bachelor thesis examines mainly basic usage of cell phones. In the practical part it deals with everyday usage of cell phones, the range of used operations and a possible intuitive cell phone handling. Moreover, the question of cell phone being a possible symbol of social prestige is revealed. Last but not least there is the topic of personification of cell phones. A semi-structured interview method is used in the practical part. The research was done in one elementary school in Prague, Czech Republic. Main part of this bachelor thesis is a discussion section, where the above mentioned research is interpreted.
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English optative sentences introduced by if only and I wish and their Czech translation counterparts
Štěpánová, Tereza ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Popelíková, Jiřina (referee)
The present work studies English optative sentences introduced by if only and I wish and their Czech translation counterparts. Optative sentences introduced by I wish are followed by a nominal content clause and those introduced by if only represent subordinate clauses with the matrix clause being absent. The main aim of the present thesis is the analysis of the Czech translation counterparts, particularly the means that are used for translation with regard to the orientation of the wish, i.e. wishes referring to the present, to the future and to the past. The possible translations include structures with lexical predicators, sentences introduced by Czech optative particles, non-finite constructions as well as other structures that semantically express the discourse function of wish. In addition, attention is paid to the un/realizability of the wish and its influence on the translation. The analysis is performed on one hundred examples - 50 introduced by if only and 50 by I wish- which were excerpted from the parallel corpus InterCorp being accessible through the Czech National Corpus website.
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Analysing options to increase the attractiveness of graduates of the University of Economic, Prague in the labour market
Pospěchová, Michaela ; Jarošová, Eva (advisor) ; Motlová, Veronika (referee)
The thesis focuses on analysing the possibility of increasing the attractiveness of graduates of the University of Economics Prague (VŠE) in the labour market. It maps the opportunities for enhancing the knowledge and skills beyond the scope of the regular instruction. The theoretical part among others includes an overview of the historical development of the number of university graduates and their employability in different fields. Furthermore, it focuses on the interpretation of selected theories of career management, the topic of career development and the career management skills, the so called new careers and new psychological contracts (all in relation to university graduates). The empirical part includes the analysis of students potential activities that may play a role in their entry in the labour market. The empirical investigation was carried out focused on the expectations of employers in relation to graduates and to what extent do employers take into account graduates previous activities for acquiring knowledge and skills beyond the scope of their studies. The results of the work are the practical recommendations for students / alumni of VŠE justified on the basis of the analysis.
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The Importance of Motivation for a Leadership
Podhajská, Zuzana ; Horáková, Jana (advisor) ; Pavla, Pavla (referee)
Presented diploma thesis follows up a theme of employee motivation as one of the means of leadership practice. First theoretical part is focused on management theory, leadership proceeding from management practice and it presents how to motivate employees so they would work more efficient and satisfactory for an employer and for themselves.
At the end of the theoretical part there is a brief introduction of business organisation itself, its structure. There are presented different types of organisational structure and types of leadership.
Practical part follows with an issue concerning motivation of employees in a case study of practice in a specific company. It shows how employees are motivated and how this specific company uses motivational tools. Employees were all addressed in an anonymous questionnaire to give their opinion about this practice. The form contained questions about employees position in a company structure, their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with this position and what is their motivation.
Based on the questionnaire the evaluation of main research thesis was made and concluded into recommendation for the company so the motivation of their employees would be as effective as possible as well as they would feel needed on their position and thus stay loyal to the company.
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