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Transdermal in vitro permeation of cyclosporine. III.
Krejčová, Hana ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Zbytovská, Jarmila (referee)
Diploma Thesis, Hana Krejčová 2006 Abstract The theoretical part of thesis provides a brief overview of the transdermal administration of drugs, including the use of transdermal enhancer. Part concerning the CyA includes information about its structure, pharmacological effects, including adverse effects, its use in therapy and application possibilities. Experimental section presents the results of in vitro permeation experiments on pig skin. Acceptor phase consisted of propylene glycol and Tris-buffer pH 7.1 at a 1:1 ratio. The permeant determination was performed by HPLC with UV detection at 220 nm. It was confirmed that the choice of the acceptor and the mobile phase was appropriate. As a donor samples were used supersaturated CyA systems without enhancer, and also with the addition of 5% or Azone, methyl pyrrolidone or dodecyl pyrrolidone, or 1% of transkarbam 12. All the enhancers in the concentrations increase depot formation in skin, transkarbam 12 although used in the lowest concentration did it most.
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Current Trends of the Sprinters Strength Preparation
Hykl, Pavel ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Sýkora, Miloslav (referee)
SUM MARY A major objective of this dissertation was with hepl of literary sources to show and point out contemporary trends in strength preparation of sprinters, regardless of the goal of concrete training phases. The phases are planned according to the competition schedule. The further important factor of the successful planning is to know individua! strength training metods and how to incorporate them to the overall plann. The yearly training plan is an important a tool for achieving long-range athletic goals. The yearly training plan is devided into: Anatomical adaptation, the main objectives of this phase are to involve most muscle groups and to prepare the muscles, ligaments, tendons and joints for load. The duration of this phase i s 3 to 5 weeks. Maximal strength, the main objective of this phase is to develop the highest level of force possible. This is according to Charlie Francis the most important phase for sprinters. The duration of this phase should be approximately 6 to 9 weeks depend on athletes. Maintenance phase or competition phase, the main objective of this phase is to maintain the standarts achieved during the previous phases. The main goal is the competition. Transition phase, the mam purpose of this phase is to remove the fatigue acquired during the training year and replanish...
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Transdermal in vitro permeation of cyclosporine IV.
Krejčová, Hana ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Rigorosal Thesis 2006, Hana Krejčová Abstract The theoretical section gives a brief overview of anatomy, physiology and function of the skin, transdermal formulations and options for increasing transdermal absorption of drugs. The main part of the chapter is focused on cyclosporine includes updated information published on knowledge of the human immune system, and immunosuppressants. Experimental work presents the results of in vitro permeation experiments on pig skin. Donor and acceptor phase was in most experiments consisting propylene glycol and Tris-buffer pH 7.1 at a 1:1 ratio. Only a few experiments have been used as the donor phase of 10% dispersion of CyA in isopropylmyristate. Permeant determination was performed by HPLC with UV detection at 220nm. As a donor samples were used in the supersaturated system without CyA Enhancer, then a 5% addition of DMI or arlasolve, pyrrolidone or transcutol, or 1% transkarbam 12. All enhancers in the used concentrations icreased a depot formation in the skin, transkarbam 12 in the lowest concentration. For transdermal in vitro permeation experiments CyA appears to be administered in more lipophilic donor phase. The ideal length of the permeation experiments, it appears time 15 hours.
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Influence of noble earth's elements on Bi based high temperature superconductors phase transition
Snopek, Jan ; Havlica, Jaromír (referee) ; Ptáček, Petr (advisor)
The Bi2Sr2CaCu2O7+d, i.e. Bi2212 phase of bismuth derived high temperature superconductors (HTS), powder precursor were synthesized via sol – gel technique using ethylendiamintetraacetic acid (Chelaton II) as a chelating agent. Metal nitrate’s solutions were mixed with EDTA suspension. The pH value was adjusted to 9 by NH4OH by reason forming of stable metal’s complexes. The mixture was heated to 80 °C for gelation. Solution taken before solid gel was form is used for preparation of Bi2212 layer on to a-Al2O3 surface via spin coating deposition’s technique. Reactive powder used for bulk sample preparation was made by calcination (800 °C) of pyrolyzed xerogel (500 °C). Sintering in oxygen atmosphere was proceeding at temperature from 850 to 880 °C. Bulk sample properties were compared with sample prepared by common ceramic method. Simultaneous TG-DTA, IR spectroscopy and heating microscopy were used for sample characterization. Furthermore, construction of furnace for sintering in O2 atmosphere was described.
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The Five from Prague art companies and their media reception in years 1980-1989
Kovář, Zdeněk ; Augustová, Zuzana (referee) ; Just, Vladimír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with The Five from Prague art companies and the media reactions to their creations in the 80th of 20th century. ln the first part much attention is paid to the formation of these groups, their members and the characterization of their work. In those years wasn't written any review about their performances. The subsequent chapters are divided into three time periods - inscenations before their joint staging in the Lucerna hall, the Lucerna action and their productions at the end of the 80th of 20th century. During each period not only Prague 5 but also their media receptoin which is the principal task of this thesis was developing. The last part of this work is devoted to the development of these art companies at the tum of the 80th and the 90th of 20th century and the Tomas Voreľ s films The Five from Prague and The Smoke.
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Development of concept of death
Maruščáková, Iva ; Šípek, Jiří (referee) ; Drlíková, Eva (referee)
Účelem této práce bylo jednak seznámerú s u nás málo známou problematikou vývoje konceptu smrti, jednak bylo záměrem k rú dále přispět. Tato problematika je i po 60 letech výzkumu stále v mnoha ohledech nejasnou. V rámci teoretické části je nejprve proveden souhrn poznatků týkající se problematiky, a to jak poznatků uváděných v literatuře teoretické, tak i vzešlých z publikovaných studií. Empirická část je pak rozdělena do tří oddílů, jelikož uváděný výzkum byl proveden ve třech fázích. V rámci fáze prvrú byl zjišťován průměmý věk, v jakém se u 24 dětí zahrnutých do zkoumaného vzorku (6 až 11 let) objevilo kompletní chápárú konceptu smrti na objektivrú rovině. Zároveň bylo zjišťováno, v jakém věku dochází u těchto dětí k chápárú jednotlivých aspektů uplatňujících se v rámci objektivrú roviny konceptu. Sled chápárú byl porovnáván s výsledky z podobných výzkumů. Jako metoda byl použit polostrukturovaný rozhovor nad speciálně zhotovenými obrázky. Výsledky se shodují s výsledky podobných studií ve věku vymezujícím plné pochoperú smrti na objektivrú rovině, který byl stanoven na 10 let. Rozdílem oproti podobným studiím bylo pozdější dosažerú chápárú osobrú mortality a odlišný vývojový sled jednotlivých aspektů. V rámci fáze druhé byla použita metoda obsahové analýzy textu, ve kterém se 187 dětí a dospívajících...
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Development of stability indicating method for chosen preparation
Chmurová, Klára ; Kastner, Petr (advisor) ; Mokrý, Milan (referee)
1 Abstrakt Development of stability indicating method for chosen preparation(HPLC determination of benzyl alcohol in vaginal cream) Graduation thesis Klára Chmurová Charles University in Prague, Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control The task was to find out a method of simultaneous determination of benzylkalcohol and imidazol (decomposition product of main substance of cream - clotrimazole). This thesis is intent on determination of benzylalcohol. We were looking for proper modification of the pharmaceutical preparation (vaginal cream), then optimisation of chromatographic conditions and validation of this HPLC method also. The best results were obtained with LiChrosphere RP 18,5 µm column (125 mm x 4,6 mm, SUPELCO, ), methanol : buffer (solution of 250 ml water, 1,05 ml triethylamine and 0,333g natrium hexasulphonate, pH = 7, set up by 85% H3PO4) 30 : 70 (v/v) was used as the mobile phase, flow rate was 1 ml/min. Detection was realised by UV detector with wave length set up on 223 nm. Time of analysis was shorter than 10 min.
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Reproduction of \kur{Achillea millefolium} agg. and \kur{Achillea ptarmica} in meadows and verges
TOMŠOVÁ, Pavla
Several changes in land use during the last 50 years of 20th century had a significant impact on the composition of traditional meadows. The abundance of many plant species typical for traditionally managed meadows has declined. But some of these species have found a refuge in habitats such as field margins and road verges. The aim of this study was to describe how the reproduction success of two related Achillea species A. millefolium agg. and A. ptarmica depends on (i) the particular habitat in which they grow (meadow/verge); (ii) the abundance of pollinators in the study site; and (iii) timing of flowering within the season. Moreover, the longevity of individual flowers of the two taxa has been studied in order assess the width of the time frame the reproduction takes place in. These objectives were achieved by means of measuring plant total seed production and germination as proxies of reproductive success both in meadow and verge populations at the beginning, peak and end of the flowering season of the two species in 2012. The plants were chosen at plots, where concurrently a pollinator survey has been conducted as the part of the broader project. The durations of the male and female phases of individual flowers have been studied in separate experiments.
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