|
Study of laser mixture in the large pressure region
Morávek, Matěj Jan ; Hrachová, Věra (advisor) ; Kudrna, Pavel (referee)
This work studies discharge plasma in a mixture of gases, similar to that used in the so-called CO2-lasers. This mixture consists of CO2, N2 and He. The effect of the mixture composition and discharge parameters (especially pressure, in the range of 266 Pa - 100 kPa) on the distribution of energy in the vibrational levels of nitrogen was examined. This is important parameter for modelling of the discharge plasma. The effect of the mixture composition on the degree of dissociation of the CO2 molecules was also studied. The relative concentration of CO was applied to find the conditions leading to a minimal dissociation of the carbon dioxide. Measurements of radial profiles were also made. Results from two discharge tubes made from different materials were compared. Two types of discharge were utilized to acquire a wide pressure range - low pressure DC glow discharge in the range of 266 Pa to 1330 Pa and dielectric barrier discharge in the range of 5 kPa to 100 kPa. Both discharges are used in commercial CO2-lasers. We observed a descending dependence of the vibrational temperature on the pressure and a big step caused by increased occurrence of standing ionizing waves in the mixtures with low nitrogen ratio. Vibrational temperature in the DBD was markedly lower than in the DC GD, because of the...
|
|
Public awareness concerning problematic of dementia
GALLASOVÁ, Martina
Public awareness concerning problematic of dementia Dementia is a problem that is socially becoming a very serious topic. Consequently, with the increasing aging of the population, the number of people who are suffering from it is growing. The symptoms of dementia include a decreasing of the intellectual and memory abilities in comparison with the level on which they were acquired before the illness started. Nonetheless dementia does not include the defects in intellect and memory only; it also includes other psychical functions. For example, dementia strongly affects the person in virtually all social situations and has a big impact on the quality of the patient´s life, as well as the life of his/her family and other people that are close to them. In most cases this illness starts very slowly. Thus, diagnosing dementia in advance gives the possibility of an early start of symptomatic treatment as well as maximum use of the therapeutical procedures available nowadays. At the same time it gives patients and their family time to prepare for future health, financial and law problems. The public cannot distinguish the pathological aspects of aging from the normal aspects of aging. Consequently, the usual idea of aging is still a perception that includes forgetting, change of personality and aggression. These symptoms are not the indivisible part of aging, but they can be the symptoms of pathological process. I believe that if the public accepts this fact, it can change its attitude to the elderly. The problem is that the public is still not informed enough. Considering the facts mentioned above which I regard as important, it seems we should make an effort to find out how much the public informed about the problems of dementia. The theoretical part of this work gives the basic information about the problems of dementia. It defines dementia, its epidemiology, etiopatogenezy, and it classifies the different kinds of dementia. It also deals with differential diagnostics, risk factors, diagnostics, treatment and prevention; and it also contains chapters dealing with dementia from the social, financial and law point of view. At the same time it gives information about the present possibilities of help in the institution of social care, and it also gives the list of the organizations in the Czech Republic which offer help in the care of people suffering with dementia. In the practical part of my theses I wanted to find out how much the adult population of Písek is informed about the problems of dementia. I used a method of a standardized questionnaire that consisted of 18 questions; and the research was done on a statistically significant group of adult inhabitants of the town Písek. The total number of distributed questionnaires was 250, 220 were filled in, out of which 25 were filled in a wrong way. The final number was 195 correctly filled in questionnaires that were possible to use. The hypothesis as stated :{\crqq} The adult population in the town of Písek is not informed enough about the problems of dementia{\crqq} has been confirmed, because the respondents were informed about it enough in only 42% of the sub-questions. I believe that it is important to inform the public. It would help to prevent or lower the risk of neglecting and disregard of the warning symptoms of the pathological process of aging. I wish this theses was available to the people working in health and social services and mainly to the public. Such an availability of the material would give them well-arranged basic information about the problems of dementia.
|
|
Sexual education for children in older school age with Autism Spectrum Disorder
BLAŽKOVÁ, Renata
Sexuality and sexual needs are very important part of life of every human. There is necessary to treat every sensitive aspects of sexual disposition for suitable development of these needs the best way is sex education in the correct form. For many parents, there is a big problem to explain this topic to their children at the right time, by the correct form and appropriately at all. This problem is so much complicated for parents of children with Autism spectrum disorder. Their children have a specific disability which make them impossible to analyse common life situation correctly, make them impossible to reveal the complex of human relationships and they can´t became a part of it. Discussing all of these facts, parents of these children comes into the desperate situation in puberty period and they don´t know what they should do. The thesis Sex education of children with Autism spectrum disorder in the older school age choose like a target group the children with this diagnosis in puberty period and it tries to analyse children´s problems (even their parent´s problems) in this develomental period. The aim of the thesis is finding out the problems of these children in the sexual area and finding out about awareness of their parents in this area. Another aim is comparing sex education in the family and sex education in the educational institution. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge of actual literature about this topic. In the first chapter, the thesis dedicates the older school age topic develomental specifics for children in this period especially. The second chapter dedicates knowledge about Autism spectrum disorder definition of problem area of these individuals, dividing of different kinds of this disability, its etiology and basic educational systems. The last chapter deal with the topic of sexuality and its brief development; it pursue also sex education and its specifics in the work with individuals with Autism spectrum disorder in the puberty period. The empirical part is based on research leading by semi-structured interview which are based on qualitative approach. The outline of these interview is 7 range of topics: Puberty; Private x public; Problem behaviour; Masturbation, pollutions, menstruation; Relationships; Sex educatoin in the school; Awareness. I drow up the questionnaire and made interviews with seven parents of children with Autism spectrum disorder in the older school age. Children of two respondents have diagnosis Asperger´s Syndrom, the rest of the children have autism with mental retardation in combination. In the chapter Results, I interpret acquired information which are compared between the children with intelect in variation of normal and with children with mental retardation. Chapter Discussion I summarize and compare knowledge.
|
|
Eating Habits of People with Multiple Disabilities
Čadilová, Petra ; Šumníková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Durdilová, Lucie (referee)
This thesis aims at description of basic eating habits of children with multiple disabilities and mapping methods for acquisition of these habits. The thesis then describes the physiological way of eating as well as individual parts of the involved digestive system. The objective is to describe, on the basis of contemporary domestic and world literature, individual learning strategies of most elementary eating habits, like chewing or swallowing, and compare these theoretical knowledge with my practical experiences acquired by working as a personal assistant for children with multiple disabilities in their home and school environment. Special attention is paid to orofacial stimulation in relation to the acquisition of individual eating habits and the possibility of using the concept of basal stimulation to improve their quality. The paper proceeds with alternative ways of nutrition for the persons with multiple disabilities, respectively percutaneous endoscopic gastroscopy and nasogastric tube. The thesis includes three case studies of children with multiple disabilities documenting the way for increasing the quality of lives of people with multiple disabilities by using treatment methods; special attention is paid on the food intake.
|
|
Support for Unemployed People Aged Under 30 Years at Entry to the Labor Market
ŠABARTOVÁ, Alžběta
The Bachelor Thesis deals with the problems of unemployment benefits for people at the age up to 30 when entering the employment market. Unemployment is currently one of the serious problems in the world. The reduction in the number of unemployed people is one of the political priorities. The meaning of work as a job is taking an irreplaceable position for the life within our culture. Job loss has a considerable influence on social as well as personal life of an individual. The age is playing a significant role when seeking a job. Especially the time connected with the beginning of the career. School leavers who apply for their first job are concerned. They have no working experience, no practice, and they have so far had no possibility to acquire the basic work habits. A disharmony between zero experience and excessive earnings demands belongs to other root causes of the lack of interest in giving work opportunity to school leavers. Employment Office plays an irreplaceable role for the mediation of job and the consultancy. To solve unemployment within each target group, active and passive labour policies are available. The situation of the specific target group is stimulated especially through single programs and projects. The theoretical part pays attention to the definition and objectification of the unemployment-related terms and the analysis of labour market in Ceske Budejovice. Observations of a number of authors who are dealing with these problems and the related issues are summarized herein. The empirical part is formed by observations from own investigation. Two job-related targets have been set. The first target is to analyse the ideas the young people aged up to thirty, living in the district of Ceske Budejovice, have of their employment. The other target is to analyse the employers´ ideas of giving work to school leavers and young people. In order to fulfil the above targets, two investigative questions have been put: 1: Young peoples´ ideas of earning possibilities are unrealistic. 2: Employers find the European Social Fund helpful in giving work to young people. For the purpose of answering the investigative questions a qualitative research method, namely a case study the study of a few cases was selected. Interviewing was chosen as the most suitable method of data gathering. Initially, ten participants aged up to thirty were interviewed. At the time of interviewing, all of the participants were registered at the Employment Office in Ceske Budejovice and were taking part in a retraining scheme arranged by the Employment Office. When talking with young people I found that their gross commencing salary is expected to amount to approx. 16 200 CZK. The other selective group comprised five employers in Ceske Budejovice. It emerged from the interviews that one of the companies does not utilize the programs and projects announced by the European Social Fund at all. Two of the companies complain about excessive administration. One of the employers must always carefully consider its ability to satisfy the involvement conditions. Some negative feelings also appeared about the frequent changing the blank forms, a low number of announced projects for a particular business branch. The programs being related to deepening knowledge and staff training were most appreciated. The results of the Thesis will give the Employment Office a feedback on the utilization of the European Social Fund by employers and will help in adjusting the conditions for further projects being prepared.
|
|
Impact on life quality in patients with vitiligo
MALČICOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis focuses on vitiligo and its impact on the life quality of patients suffering the disease. Vitiligo is a relatively frequent acquired disorder which causes depigmentation of parts of the skin. The depigmented spots can be of different shapes and extent. Vitiligo is a chronic disease process and the actual cause of the disease is still unknown. One of the presumable causes is the immune system; this is why it is not easily cured. The treatment is a long-term process and requires great patience from both the patient and the medical team. Vitiligo is a major problem for the patient as it disturbs their physical appearance and thus influences the psychological well being of the patient; so vitiligo can also have a psychosocial impact. In our research we set two main goals. The first of them was to define the role of nurses in the treatment of vitiligo. The other goal was to enquire about the impact of vitiligo on the life quality of the patients. For the research we formulated two questions: 1.What is the role of a nurse in the treatment of a vitiligo patient? 2. What is the impact of vitiligo on the life quality of the patient? For the empirical part of the bachelor thesis we used a qualitative research method based on a semi-structured interview. The first interrogated group consisted of four nurses from the South Bohemian and the South Moravian region; these nurses work in dermatology centres that offer phototherapeutic treatment. The other group comprised patients suffering vitiligo; we interviewed three patients from Austria and one patient from the Czech Republic. The respondents suffering from vitiligo were also to complete a Dermatological Index of Life Quality questionnaire. The questionnaire was then evaluated according to a key and the results were filled into a chart. The interviews consisted of 18 questions for the vitiligo patients and 10 questions for the caring nurses. The interviews were recorded on a dictaphone and later written down and brought into a Word document. For the evaluation of the data we used the open coding method using a pencil and paper. After the data analysis we defined the following categories: The Role of Nurses with the subcategory Alterations to the Role of Nurses, category Psychological Support with subcategories Attitude of Nurses, Psychical Needs of Patients, Alterations in Psychical Condition of the Patient, category Reaction to Detection of Vitiligo with the subcategories Reaction of the Patient, Reaction of Patient´s Environment, category Psychological Problems with the subcategories Patients´ Feelings and Solution to the Problems, category First Visit to the Doctor and category Significance of Vitiligo. The research suggests that the most important aspect of the nurses´ help during the patient´s treatment is the educational aspect. The other aspects are in the opinion of our respondents the health care providing aspect, and the help of a nurse as a manager. The evaluation of the life quality questionnaire brought the following results: two respondents saw only a small impact of the disease on their life quality. One respondent stated a slightly worsened quality of life and in one of the respondents the life quality was worsened significantly. According to the interviews, the vitiligo patients are slightly restrained during activities when exposed to sun due to an easy sunburnt. None of the respondents stated an influence on their relationships or hobbies. Two respondents mentioned worries concerning finding a partner and establishing a family. Our research showed that the greatest impact of vitiligo is on the psyche of the patient. Thus we assume that a psychological support should be an essential component of the treatment. I would like to present the results of this bachelor thesis as a review in some professional magazine. I would also be glad if the thesis could be an inspiration to a quantitative research on the topic.
|
|
Automatic Alignment of Tectogrammatical Trees from Czech-English Parallel Corpus
Mareček, David
Title: Automatic Alignment of Tectogrammatical Trees from Czech-English Parallel Corpus Author: David Mareček Department: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: Ing. Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Ph.D. Abstract: The goal of this thesis is to implement and evaluate a software tool for automatic alignment of Czech and English tectogrammatical trees. The task is to find correspondent nodes between two trees that represent an English sentence and its Czech translation. Great amount of aligned trees acquired from parallel corpora can be used for training transfer models for machine translation systems. It is also useful for linguists in studying translation equivalents in two languages. In this thesis there is also described word alignment annotation process. The manual word alignment was necessary for evaluation of the aligner. The results of our experiments show that shifting the alignment task from the word layer to the tectogrammatical layer both (a) increases the interannotator agreement on the task and (b) allows to construct a feature-based algorithm which uses sentence structure and which outperforms the GIZA++ aligner in terms of f-measure on aligned tectogrammatical node pairs. This is probably caused by the fact that tectogrammatical representations of Czech and English sentences are much closer...
|
|
Business Judgement Rule and Liability of Corporate Directors
Rejlek, Filip ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (referee) ; Štenglová, Ivanka (referee)
This work is dedicated to business judgement rule and related legal instruments and lability. It is divided into three main chapters. First chapter is focused to create a list of all duties and liability of board members of an corporation in American law system and to explain the basic principles of corporation companies. The whole system of connected doctrines and duties is based on one central, which is doctrine of business judgement. This doctrine is connected with the duty of care. Duty of care as a general rule means, that a director should acquire at least a rudimentary understanding of the business of the corporation. Accordingly, a director should become familiar with the fundamentals of the business in which the corporation is engaged. Because directors are bound to exercise ordinary care, they cannot set up as a defense lack of the knowledge needed to exercise the requisite degree of care. If one feels that he has not had sufficient business experience to qualify him to perform the duties of a director, he should either acquire the knowledge by inquiry, or refuse to act. But the duty of care is not standing alone. The business judgement doctrine means, that the directors and officers of a corporation are responsible for managing and directing the business and affairs of the corporation....
|
|
The study of membrane receptors by radioligands binding
Rejhová, Alexandra ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hejnová, Lucie (referee)
Drug addiction, opiates respectively, is a social problem which seriousness is currently on the rise. One of key elements causing addiction is tolerance to increasing doses of drug causing abstinence syndrome during withdrawal and craving. Opioid receptors are members of a large group of receptors coupled with heterotrimeric G-proteins (GPCR), whose properties can be investigated using agonist- stimulated binding [35 S] GTPγS. Many extracellular signals are transferred into a cell through GPCR. Opioid receptor agonists inhibit the activity of adenylyl cyclase and are coupled with G-protein group Gi/Go. This work is devoted to the study of changes in isolated plasma membranes of rat forebrain containing opioid receptors of healthy subjects with membranes acquired from morphine addicted subjects. The rats were long-term morphine treated in increasing doses, to develop the dependency. The comparison is done firstly by binding of [3 H]ouabain to Na,K-ATPase, which proves to be a negative standard of changes, secondly by binding [35 S]GTPγS to G-proteins, thereby providing the functional activity of G-protein in stimulating the binding by the agonist of δ-opioid receptors DADLE or agonist of µ-opioid receptors DAMGO. Furthermore, it has been studied the influence of prostaglandin E1 on binding [35...
|
|
Food intake disorders as an actual issue of upper-secondary school students
Šlechtová, Iveta ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Vodáková, Jitka (referee)
My graduation thesis deals with eating disorders, as a current problem among secondary students. My thesis is divided in the theoretical part and the practical empirical part. The separated part of the thesis is formed by general information about researches on frequency of eating disorders at secondary schools in the Czech Republic and abroad. The theoretical part includes remarks from scientific literature. It is concerned with anorexia nervosa and bulimy in general and tries to find causes of these disorders and treatment possibilities. The empirical part concerns my own research at secondary schools in Prague. My research was carried out by interviewing secondary teachers. The aim of research was to find out whether the problem with eating disorders is current at secondary schools in Prague, to suggest a strategy of prevention according to my acquired knowledge and to work out my own draft of measures - recommendation for school education programme.
|
guest ::
