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THE SCHOOL THROUGH THE EYES OF A CHILD
ŠONKOVÁ, Michaela
The bachelor thesis is focused on the school in the eyes of a preschool child. The theoretical part characterises a preschool period as a whole and points out some specifics of the period. Additionally, it deals with the description of cognitive processes, the specifics and typical personality characteristics occurring at preschool children. The theoretical part also covers children´s imagination and a way in which children create their own interpretation of a reality. The attention is paid to emotional and a social development, which is a very significant aspect for a successful development, and drawing which works as an information about the mental world of a child. And last but not least, the school is described as a new medium which places new demands on a child and a family. The practical part is engaged to a research survey which should give answers to the following topics: Children´s imagination of their future school and the teacher. The ideas about school and after-school activities; what is the reason for going to school etc. The outcomes of the interviews are compared to the answers of adult respondents who were asked the same questions. In the practical part, the following methods were used: semi structured interview and drawing.
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Rendention level of first aid treatment in kindergartens
Tajovská, Iva ; Marsová, Jana (advisor) ; Kubátová-Šafránková, Iva (referee)
The final project titled "Rendention level of first aid treatment in kindergartens" focuses on questions in first aid delivered by kindergarten's teachers. The intent of this project is to discover and find out a teacher's knowledge and skills in first aid delivery caused by the most common injuries, dangerous to life health situations and non injuries states at the preschool aged children which attend these kindergartens. I have used a method of quantitative research (a question form) and qualitative research (an experiment) for my project.
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Smoking habit and its reflection in the Czech society
Štěpánková, Michaela ; Černá, Milena (advisor)
Smoking becomes an serious problem for the health service but also for all society. According to the estimations of the WHO, smokers constitute approximately one third of the adult population and a prevalence of smoking in the younger age cluster of both sexes increases. A growing number of smoking women in the younger age group is significant. A prevalence of smokers is high especially in the population of teenagers and young adults up to 24 years. The level of protection of non-smokers from the tobacco smoke is low, especially concerning children in the preschool and elementary school age. A prevalence of both fatal and non-fatal consequences of smoking, a higher level of mortality caused by tumors related to smoking in comparison with the other states. A prevalence of smoking among adults since the mid 90-ies stagnates, a decrease in the mens' side is moderate. According to the research from 2009, 29,9% of citizens in the age from 15 to 64 in the CR are identified as regular smokers. From the age point of view, a largest rate of smokers is registered in the age category 15-24 years. My work is divided into theoretical and practical work. The theoretical part in divided into several chapters which summarize a history of smoking and the tobacco, the plant of tobacco, the composition of a tobacco smoke, the...
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Association study with the ADA gene and detailed characterization of two chromosome aberrations in autism
Vážna, Alžběta ; Sedláček, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Ferák, Vladimír (referee) ; Korabečná, Marie (referee)
Autism affects up to 1/150 children and represents therefore a serious social problem. It is a complex disorder with a clearly documented genetic component, but so far unexplained aetiology, which is currently a subject of intensive research. In the field of genetics various gene and chromosome defects are examined, as well as other mechanisms, including epigenetics, which could play a role in pathogenesis. In our work we tried to replicate the finding of association between the ADA*2 risk allele and autism in a sample of 385 Czech children. Our sample was larger than those originally published. We also focused on individual endophenotypes (types of autism, degree of mental retardation and co-morbidity). Our results did not confirm the association of autism with the ADA*2 allele in the complete sample or in any of the subsets. Chromosomal changes represent another finding in autistic patients. We performed the analysis of a ring chromosome 17 and a chromosome X deletion in two patients. Our studies represent an up to now unimaginable link between classical cytogenetics and molecular genetics at the DNA sequence level. As the first in the world, we described the structure of a human ring chromosome. Characterization of the defects allowed us to speculate on the impact of the genes involved in the phenotype...
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Effect of foamball massage therapy on childhood athma
Semelová, Anna ; Hošková, Blanka (referee) ; Heller, Jan (advisor)
Title: Effect of foamball massage therapy on childhood asthma Aims: Evaluation of effects of the method of foamball massage therapy on childhood asthma at the pre-school age. Comparison of pulmonary function parameters FVC, FEV1, and PEF before and after therapy. Evaluation of difficulty and availability of the method of foamball massage as a therapeutic intervention in pulmonary obstruction disease. Methods: The sample was composed from preschool children who absolved 4-6 weeks' therapeutic stay in Oliva child medical institution, o. p. s. Control group was composed from children of the same age in whom the method was not applied. Evaluation was based on the spirometry results obtained before and after therapy. In addition, the method of foamball massage was evaluated also by a questionnaire. Results: All the parameters followed were improved in the experimental group after the foamball massage therapy program - FVC increased by 3.54%, FEV1 by 4.16% and PEF by 3.53%. As the control group was examined only at the beginning and not at the end of therapeutic stay in Oliva child medical institution, it is difficult to attribute all the improvements to the application of the foamball massage therapy only. The result of the questionnaire investigation, however, confirmed the positive evaluation of the...
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Swimming aids and their useable in lead time and in basic stage of swimming
Hlavatá, Jana ; Chrzanowská, Babeta (advisor) ; Kuhnová, Věra (referee)
The target of my work is choose some basis with deep and shallow water, where wage the prepare and basic swimming training with children preschool age and children younger shool age, and get some information about using aids. Make a clear idea about right and efectivity use a swim aids by hypothesi and by profiling all accessible informations about this problem. The stage of this problem is detected by research methods - questionaire, interwiev, observation. Key words: Swimming, Lead time swimming aktivity, Basic stage of swimming, basic swimming skills - Watter brathing, Buoyancy, Submerging, Orientation in the water, Fancy diving, Falls, Sensation the water, Swim aids, Methodology
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The forms of parents appraisal and their influence on self-efficacy of preschool child
Müllerová, Lucie ; Mertin, Václav (referee) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor)
The theoretical part of the thesis deals at first with the theoretical principles of self-efficacy. The subsequent part treats of the developmental characteristics of preschool stage with a view to connection with the parents appraisal. The final part aims at appraisal, in term of general approach to the child, in term of rewards and punishments and in term of the appraisal as a formalizing agent in the formation of the basics of self-efficacy. The empirical part presents a research on forms of mothers appraisal on children accomplishments and failures while performing a specific task. The quantitative analysis traces appearance of forms of appraisal and their influence on child selfefficacy. The qualitative part is focusing especially on mothers non-appraising reactions on children while performing a specific task.
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Realization of animation programs in tourism
Kim, Zhanna ; Petrů, Zdenka (advisor) ; Straková, Ivana (referee)
This thesis is devoted to animation programs in tourism. It describes various types of animation activities within hotel entertainment programs and the process of their realization (sport activities, culture and fun activities, activities for children and teenagers etc). The thesis contains theoretical description of animation programs and reveals some problematic areas in practice of hotel animation.
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The diagnosis of Asperger syndrome: a pilot study of Czech version ASSQ and ASAS
Krejčířová, Helena ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Drlíková, Eva (referee)
In a theoretical part of the present study we describe history, epidemiology, ethiology, diagnostic classification, diagnostic criteria and clinical features of Asperger syndrome, comorbidity, theory of autism, differential diagnosis and diagnostic methods for the Asperger syndrome. A practical part of this study examines the validity and reliability of two diagnostic schedule - ASSQ - High-functioning Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire/Asperger Syndrome Screening Questionnaire - and ASAS - Australian Scale for Asperger Syndrome. ASSQ and ASAS are checklists for a completion on by lay informants when assessing symptoms characteristic of Asperger syndrome and other high-functioning autism spectrum disorders in children and adolescents with a normal intelligence. Data for the parent and teacher ratings in the samples (sample AUT comprised 42 6- to 16-years-old children (39 boys, 3 girls) with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism, the sample LMD comprised 143 cases (130 boys, 13 girls) with ADHD and leaming disorders and the control group of 163 participants (147 boys, 16 girls) from mainstream schools without any formal diagnosis) are presented along with various measures of reliability and validity. Optimal cut-off scores are estimated by the best ratio of the true positive rate (sensitivity) to...
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