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A comparison of selected anthropological theories in view of their pragmatic value
Hájek, Daniel ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Jakoubek, Marek (referee)
The study deals with the problem of applicability of two anthropological theories, structural functionalism and interpretive anthropology of Clifford Geertz. By applicability is meant what concrete difference using of one or the other theory brings about in ethnography. Each of the theories is at first thoroughly examined with emphasis on its possible aims, assumptions, and consequences for an ethnographer. Then each theory is put to test in examination of one particular ethnography associated with the theory. Evans-Pritchard's The Nuer serves as an instance of structural functionalism. Clifford Geertz's Negara as an example of interpretative analysis. Structural functionalism is shown to provide an ethnographer with a much more definite guidance which contributes to better possibilities of verification and comparability of the results than interpretive anthropology. Apart from the main subject, the study is concerned with more general questions, especially related to non-existence of a paradigm in anthropology and some of its causes.
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Culture as experience. Question of distantiation and desegregation
Doubek, David ; Kučera, Miloš (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Chrz, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the problem of exclusion that Roma population is subject of in Czech republic. This exclusion is studied through "helping professions" - professional intervening actors that help Roma to overcome the exclusion. Results used in this text come from two ethnographic research projects realized between 2008-2013. The text contains mixed approach, inductive ethnographic, stemming from my extensive research data and deductive or theory-driven. Methodologically the research belongs to the broad area of qualitative approach to social research, especially cognitive anthropological, psychoanalytical and that of individual psychology. First theoretical part, using mainly concepts of cognitive anthropology and distibutive theory of culture is focused on the theoretical question of the concept of culture and how it can be used for the "Roma culture" concept in relationship with the question of "majority". The second part consists mainly of a reinterpretation of the question of exclusion and Roma culture from the point of view of the concept of distantiation and expands it into Frantz Fanon inspired theory of confrontation. Third part is predominatly empirical and ethnograpical and consists of an inquiry into cognitive models of the help from exclusion as observed in helping professions....
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Authority and Authorship: James Agee's Let Us Now Praise Famous Men as a Work of Fictocriticism
Childs, Morgan ; Armand, Louis (advisor) ; Vichnar, David (referee)
viii Abstract This thesis uses James Agee's 1941 book Let Us Now Praise Famous Men to examine the role of so-called fictocriticism in emphasizing the immutability of an author from within a text. The thesis argues that the fictocritical text accounts for the impossibility of extricating the author from writing. Although its precursors date back several centuries- perhaps most notably to Michel de Montaigne-the term fictocriticism was coined in the mid- to late twentieth century to describe texts existing at the interstices of ostensibly fictional and factual genres of writing. Agee's text, borne out of a journalistic assignment for Fortune magazine, blends elements of long-form magazine journalism with lyric poetry with the author's famous sprawling, diaryesque prose, calling the reader to question which elements of the text are rooted in fact and which are simply the author's fabrications or, indeed, whether such a distinction can be drawn. The term can be applied only anachronistically to the 1941 book, yet as defined in these pages it is a befitting description of Agee's otherwise unclassifiable text. Fictocriticism lacks a singular definition, so the examination of Agee's Famous Men as a fictocritical work rests on a thorough revision of the term's history and its lexical implications, both of which...
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Sex, drugs, rock'n'roll: Reflection of gender in particular Prague rock bands
Rozumek, Kryštof ; Ezzeddine, Petra (advisor) ; Havelková, Hana (referee)
This thesis deals with aspects and force of gender order in Prague rock bands. It is focused on presence of gender aspects which are viewed from a gender point of view. Main aim of my research is to cover force of gender order in specificic musicial field which has connotation primarly with men. Also to obtain ethnographic description of this subculture. I'm going to fulfill the aim of my research by research in field, by interviews with informators and content lyrics analysis. This thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and empirical. Theoretical part contains particular definitions and theoretical approaches. Empirical describes a strategy of my research, whole procedure and results of the research. Key words: culture, subculture, gender, masculinity, femininity, ethnography, rock
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Serbian krsna slava in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Skenderija, Ivana ; Bittnerová, Dana (advisor) ; Zandlová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis focuses on issues of multi-layered identities within a social space. It analyzes ritual (or ceremony) as one of the codified displays of culture within which collective ideas and attitudes regarding identity are manifested, shared, and strengthened. Bosnian Serbs - due to political and social change - were forced to redefine their position in society, as well as their (collective) identities and social ties. Slava is a fundamental ritual seen as an attribute of "Serbianness", and in the context of this study, manifests itself as an indicator of establishment and validity of collective identities. Slava is a traditional celebration practiced by Orthodox believers in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Bulgary, Albania, and Macedonia. It is a festivity of either a family, village, or local church patron. At the center of this research will be an individual slava of a family patron saint, krsna slava, or krsno ime. For Bosnian Serbs, krsna slava is currently a revitalized ritual concurring with local tradition and convening with social ambitions of current inhabitants in the region (otherwise it would not be revitalized). The pertinence of this research subject is given by the nature of ritual itself as it is founded on collective sharing and the manifestation of common ideas1 ....
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Local Foreigners: Space, Identity and Culture of Prague Expats
Králová, Petra ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Klásková, Markéta (referee)
This thesis focuses on the relationship between space, culture and identity. Its goal is to portray how culture and identity are not necessarily connected to the space that people inhabit. It is based on the work of authors who point out the migrant experience as an example of the "disconnection" of space, culture and identity. The author chose Prague's expat community and carried out qualitative research consisting of 2 participant observations at expat meeting points, 2 interviews with expats themselves and a content analysis of 7 newspaper articles, which mention expats. The author describes the perception of the community through the expats' own words, their interaction with the local society and the nature of their meeting points. The core of the community consists of the culture of Anglophone countries and geopolitical borders penetrate the borders of the community. Expats themselves differentiate between other members of the fellowship based on their (non- )membership in the "expat bubble", e.g. (non-)existence of relationships with the local culture. Through relationships with Czechs and the consumption of Czech history, expats create the image of Czechs as historically oppressed, therefore a withdrawn nation. The identity of meeting points is based on their "expat-friendliness" and...
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Šafránek's Chronicle of Town Hořice as Ethnographic Source
Záveská, Daniela ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Dědovský, Daniel (referee)
The Bachelor Thesis deals with the chronicle, written by the craftsman František Šafránek from Hořice. The chronicle describes events from the second half of 19th century. Its use as an ethnographic source provides a large amount of themes, from which were chosen small-town festivities for detailed analysis. These records brings us opportunity to get a closer look at the festivities and their course as perceived by the eyes of their direct participant. There are not only traditional festivities of folk origin but also festivities originated during 19th century, especially in the last third of this century in connection with society changes. The chronicle recorded by František Šafránek is one of sources which can contribute to understanding of festivities in 19th century. Key words Folk chroniclers - František Šafránek - Hořice - 19th century - festivity
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