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Potřeba sociální péče a pracovní schopnost u pacientů po kardiochirurgickém výkonu
ŠVADLENKOVÁ, Andrea
Abstract The intention of this Bachelor{\crq}s Degree thesis is to evaluate the social care needs and work capabilities of patients before and after cardio surgical procedures over a period of a half a year. The work is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part describes the clinical manifestations of heart disease and cardio surgical procedures, as well as the forms of social care provided in the Czech Republic. The practical part of the work presents the results from questionnaires. The research is elaborated from various perspectives such as health, social and economic and also takes into consideration the age of patients and efficiency of the heart. Individual factors influencing the patients{\crq} quality of life before and after heart surgery were weighed. In particular this concerns the overall health condition, self-sufficiency and the subsequent use of social care offered by the state{\crq}s social security system. One of the goals was to determine whether economically active patients returned to work a half year after undergoing the operation. Data was collected by means of surveys, standardized interviews and anonymous questionnaires. More detailed information was then acquired by means of secondary analysis of the medical files of patients. On the basis of research results it was determined that the need for social care for patients following cardio surgical procedures is low. The research also showed that the majority of patients who were working before their operations return to work after half a year. There is also a decline in the difficulties that limited physical exertion and patients reported an overall improvement in their work capabilities. This thesis will serve as feedback for cardio surgical departments. It should improve the comprehensive approach in the care of patients after heart surgery and lead to the promotion of the practice of supplementing the provision of health care with social care. I recommend the use of experienced social care coordinators at individual hospitals, improving the availability of information and motivating and leading people toward active interest in their own social situation. At the same time it is also important to educate patients about the therapeutic regime and strengthening the role of comprehensive rehabilitation.
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The importance of rehabilitation nursing care of stroke patients
Kynštová, Marie ; Pečenková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Němečková, Michaela (referee)
ANOTATION Author: Marie Kynštová Institution: Ústav sociálního lékařství LF UK v Hradci Králové Oddělení ošetřovatelství Title of thesis: The importance of rehabilitation nursing care of stroke patients Thesis' supervisor: Jaroslava Pečenková Number of pages: 121 Number of attachments: 8 Year of examination: 2012 Abstract: This thesis deals with the importance of rehabilitation nursing care of patients with stroke. Theoretical part approaches the issue of stroke and the importance of early treatment both as pharmacological and nursing care so rehabilitative. A special section introduces the area of rehabilitation nursing, occupational therapy and speech therapy. The empirical part focuses on patients with stroke who were hospitalized in the rehabilitation and aftercare. Quantitative research - questionnaire form was used in four health facilities and confirms or refutes the specific targets of the research. Key words: stroke, rehabilitation nursing, occupational therapy, speech therapy
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Quality of life of patient with cranial spinal lesion in spinal unit
Horčičková, Jana ; Bartůňková, Staša (advisor) ; Majorová, Simona (referee)
17 Abstract Title: Quality of life of patients with transverse lesions of the cervical spinal cord at spinal unit. Aims: This thesis aims to evaluate the quality of life of patients with transverse cervical spinal injury treated with an elaborate system of comprehensive rehabilitation in the Spinal Unit, Regional Hospital in Liberec. Methods: In 10 men aged 24-65 years (average age was 47,5 years), with incomplete transverse lesions of traumatic cervical spinal cord, hospitalized at the spinal unit have been established neurological level and extent of spinal cord injury by ASIA scores, were evaluated using the functional level of independence SCIM scores and the questionnaire on quality of life using a standardized questionnaire SF 36 with additional questions. The objective methods were used walking tests. Examination and questionnaire survey was carried out on admission at the spinal unit, and upon discharge after completion of a comprehensive rehabilitation program. It was watched the change in subjective quality of life of patients who underwent a comprehensive rehabilitation program. Results: In 9 patients (90 %) occurred during hospitalization, to improve the level of neurological lesions in 2 of which (20 %) men were full treatment of neurological disability. One patient remained unchanged. In 50 %...
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Mass neonatal screening from dry blood spot
Balunová, Michala ; Hníková, Olga (advisor)
The aim of mass neonatal screening from dry blood spot is to systemically and actively identify specific congenital disorders in all the newborns. Inborn conditions being screened are either without clinical symptoms in early postnatal period, or the symptoms are easily overlooked. The onset of symptoms is often past the critical time when clinical damage was reversible. Mass neonatal screening enables early diagnostics and intervention. Screening prevents morbidity associated with these conditions, especially concerning central nervous system. It avoids the manifestations of acute crises, which may leed to the death of patients. Mass newborn screening has been a very successful preventive program to be initiated in the Czech Republic in 1975. Since 1.10. 2009 the neonatal screening in the Czech Republic encompasses these conditions: phenylketonuria/hyperphenylalaninemia, congenital hypothyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, cystic fibrosis, maple syrup urine disease, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, long-chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency I, cernitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency II, carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, glutaric aciduria I and isovaleric acidemia....
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Case study of physiotherapeutic care of patient with subcapital fracure of femur
Novák, Čestmír ; Říha, Michal (advisor) ; Hankovcová, Eva (referee)
Title of bachelor's thesis: The case study of physiotherapeutical treatment of a patient after subcapital fracture of femur. Summary: This bachelor's thesis was compiled on the base of intership on department of rehabilitation and physical medicine ÚVN in Prague during the time period from 9th of January to 3rd of February 2012. The topic of this thesis is about subcapital fractures, thier treatment and complications. The work is divided into two main sections. The first part deals with teoretical findings of the topic. The second part containes detailed case report of a patient after osteosynthesis of subcapital fracture of left femur by DHS implant. Key words: Physiotherapy, case study, subcapital fracture, osteosynthesis
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Specificities of physioterapy care after the convetional implantation of a total knee-joint in relation to its different surgical solutions
ŠMITMAJER, Jakub
The main aim of this bachelor study is concentrated on an after- total- knee- joint endoprosthesis physiotherapy from the surgical solution point of view. The total endoprosthesis is used as the very last possible option of an invasive means of therapy that is possible to take an advantage of when there is extensive damage of biomechanics of a knee joint. When speaking about the frequency of this operation, it is very high, and it is becoming a more and more common way of surgery that is nowadays being practised. The only more frequent orthopaedic surgery these days is a total hip endoprosthesis implantation. As a result of longer durability of the endoprostheses as well as better joint stability and owing to the great technological development it is possible to use various materials for making endoprostheses. However, there are appropriate demands on both the competence of the operational and consequently the rehabilitative staff working with a complicated structure of the prostheses. The study is divided into the theoretical and practical part. First, in the theoretical part there you can find analysed anatomy and biomechanics of a knee joint. Secondly, there are described indications and contra- indications of the total endoprosthesis implantation, types of total endoprostheses as well as the possibility of consequent physiotherapy. In addition, a method of qualitative research was used in the practical part of the study. There were two groups of patients under the reseach- including two women aged between 61 and 70 in each group.A different means of surgery for the total endoprosthesis of the knee joint was applied in each of the groups. There was also the same amount of time for the research of both groups. An entry kinesiological analysis was taken the sixth day after the surgery. Consequently the output kinesiological analysis was done after the second orthopaedical check- up (approximately the third month after the surgery), when a hundred per cent tread on the operated limb was permitted. The research itself took place in a hospital, afterwards it continued in domestic surrounding at home using available aids. Providing anamneses of all patients a goniometrical, anthropometrical and palpational check- ups of the knee joint were done. Furthermore, according to Janda, a muscle test and a check- up of shortened muscle groups related to the knee- joint were done as well. A functional check- up of a knee- joint muscles and an endoprosthesis itself was included in the output kinesiological analysis. All the patients were offered the same exercise unit to make better evaluation of the research. The frequency of regular exercise was set to a four-time period per week. An anthropometric check up showed that a post surgical swelling was more significant with the patients after the lateral parapatelar cut, that slows down patients' active joining the short- period kinesiotherapeutic schedule. The range of the movement in the operated knee joint was one of the main observing aspects that much differed already at the entry kinesiological check- up. The aim of the therapy was to achieve the minimum of 90 degree- active flexion of the knee joint at the end of the research. Both the patients after the medial parapatelar cut achieved the given point a few days earlier because the patients after the lateral parapatelar cut were provided with a motorial splint. This motorial splint enabled the patients to extend the range of movement in the joint. The power of muscles did not fundamentally differ comparing the output check- ups of both the groups, however the patients after the medial parapatelar cut achieved the muscle power degree 5. In addition, after the third month from the surgery, permitting 100 per cent tread on the operated limb, a functional check- up of muscles and the endoprosthesis of the operated knee joint was taken. It revealed stronger stability of the patients after the lateral parapatelar cut
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The influence of rehabilitation by electrotactile stimulation through the tongue on stability of stance and gait in patients with degenerative cerebellar ataxia
Kodríková, Kateřina ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Vyhnálek, Martin (referee)
INTRODUCTION This graduation theses considers with the influence of rehabilitation by electrotactile stimulation of the tongue on stability of stance and gait in patients with degenerative cerebellar ataxia. Electrotactile stimulation of the tongue is an innovative method based on biofeedback principle, which uses additive sensory information about the position of the head to train the postural stability METHOD We used this method in six patients (four men and two women) with this disease. Patients went through intensive twelve-day therapy. The duration of the lessons was 30 minutes twice a day. We examined postural stability of the patients by using clinical evaluations (Balance Evaluation Systems Test, Dynamic Gait Index), posturography (modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction for Balance) and questionnaires (Activities -specific Balance Confidence, Dizziness Handicap Inventory) before and after the therapy. RESULTS The patients showed significant improvement in both clinical tests after the therapy. The results of posturography measurement are not so definite - the significant improvement was achieved only in some measured parameters. Both questionnaires did not show significant improvement. CONCLUSION The results of this study show, that electrotactile stimulation tongue could have a...
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Physiotherapeutic possibilities of functional involment on shoulder joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Zmeškalová, Petra ; Koudelková, Irena (advisor) ; Dyrhonová, Olga (referee)
This thesis Physiotherapeutic possibilities of functional involvement on shoulder joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis contains characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, clinical picture, epidemiology and diferential diagnosis of shoulder joint. Theoretical part includes diagnosis, examination a physiotherapy of shoulder joint. Experimental part includes statistical treatment of physiotherapetic examination. The aim of this thesis was resume the knowledge about shoulder joint questions and in experimental part complete the statistical results related range of movement, muscle strenght and the others functional disorders. This thesis also contains the questionnaire of health condition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Electrotactile sensory substitution in patients with degenerative cerebellar ataxia
Svojítková, Tereza ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Paulasová - Schwabová, Jaroslava (referee)
Introduction: Biofeedback based on sensory substitution is a new method to treat patients with postural disorders. BrainPort provides tongue electrotactile stimulation. This innovative technique was developed for vestibular dysfunction of peripheral origin. Primarily for patients who had no benefits from conventional rehabilitation. Tongue electrotactile stimulation seems to be useful for central vestibula dysfunction as well. We are dealing with effect of BrainPort in therapy of degenerative cerebellar ataxia. We are interested in whether the effects persist for one month after the rehabilitation program. Methods: The methods are applied in 6 patients with degenerative cerebellar ataxia, verified by clinical testing, posturography, and genetic testing or verification of cerebellar lesions by MRI. Patients underwent an 12-day intensive rehabilitation program with BrainPort. Treatment was carried out 2 times a day. Patients were learning appropriate postural corrections to maintain signal in the middle of the tongue. To assess the effect of therapy we used posturography, standardized clinical tests - BESTest, Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) and standardized questionnaires - The Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and Dizzines Inventroy Handicap (DHI). The examination was performed before...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ant its Treatment
Vrátná, Sandra ; Vopršalová, Marie (advisor) ; Žáčková, Pavla (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The aim of my thesis was a comprehensive view of COPD as a separate nosological entity. A substantial section focuses on current therapy, which are listed by category as concessional and stability of drugs including their mechanism of action. Education and smoking prevention play major role during the non- pharmacological therapy , as well as the rehabilitation, which is not yet very common, but it may contribute significantly to patientś health improving. The work is also illustrative of the disease compared with bronchial asthma because of the significant similarities of these diseases, their possible replacements and overlays number of syndromes that may complicate the diagnosis of any disease. A separate chapter is devoted to innovations in treatment, which lead to new possibilities in the combination of drugs for immunotherapy, but also necessary for long-acting drugs that promote patient compliance and is seeking to increase their comfort during therapy. Given that most drugs are administered by inhalation, indicated in my work with the issue of inhalation systems, their separation and the available tools offered by the Czech market.
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