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Aspects of perception: science fiction in film and literature
Žilová, Jana ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee) ; Zuska, Vlastimil (advisor)
The thesis focuses on distinct aspects of the aesthetic perception of the sci-fi genre in film and literature. The paper examines both literary (Hirsch, Iser) and film (Altman, Chatman) theories of the genre. The literary genre is treated from the perspective of E. D. Hirsch and his concept of the author's intention (mens auctoris), in contrast to which, however, the concept of the implied reader seems more workable. Thus, from a pragmatic point of view, we arrive at a labelling without the ground of biographism. This argumentative approach is reconfirmed in the case of film genres, which are shaped as processes of systemization (dynamic vs. fixed forms), on three levels (the level of expectation, the genre corpus, and rules/norms). Proceeding from an examination of these, mutual interactions, potential overlappings and fusions of genres are then demonstrated. The central aim of the paper was to identify and explore the specificity of the aesthetic reception of the sci-fi genre against the background of the dynamic aesthetic norm, in its function not merely as a regulative norm, but emphasizing the norm-as-impulse aspect. The paper presents facets of the aesthetic reception of the sci-fi genre from the viewpoint of the apprenticeship of the reader/viewer, the cultural/fictional encyclopaedia,...
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A Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-country and multi-center, phase IV study to demonstrate the efficacy of influenza vaccine Fluarix administrated intramuscularly in adults.
Wertzová, Veronika ; Šmejkalová, Jindra (advisor) ; Havlík, Jiří (referee) ; Havlíčková, Martina (referee)
Influenza is the most common human infectious disease. Contrary to common upper tract respiratory infections influenza is a serious disease causing worldwide every year thousands of death. Influenza is always considered to be a trivial infection, not only by ordinary persons but even by specialists. Vaccination is the most effective possibility of prevention recently. However there are still doubts concerning influenza vaccine efficacy, clinical trials evaluating vaccine efficacy are not enough consistent. This work tries to evaluate the efficacy of GlaxoSmithKline Bilogicals' influenza vaccine Fluarix administrated intramuscularly in one dose scheme in healthy adults aged 18-64. 7652 subjects were enrolled in Finland and the Czech Republic during 2006/2007 influenza season to this clinical trial. The reactogenity, safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine are also presented in this work. According to obtained results the author demonstrates high vaccine efficacy, excellent immunogenicity, low reactogenity and high vaccine safety. The author tries to destroy a presumption concerning low efficacy and high adverse events frequency following influenza vaccination.
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Antimicrobial consumption in children aged 0-14, international comparison
Laštík, Jozef ; Křížová, Eva (advisor)
Antibiotics are nedůležitějším means that the company has in the fight against bacterial infections. The discovery of penicillin by Sir A.Flemingem in 1928 , its isolation Chaine and Floreym in 1940 and subsequent clinical use have meant that until serious or fatal bacterial infectious diseases are today curable . In the following years there have been many more antibiotics or chemotherapeutics , which expands treatment options microbial infections . The high popularity of antibiotics in clinical practice over the course of a few decades taken their toll. Substantial consumption of antimicrobial agents and their misuse has led to the emergence of bacterial resistance with which the discovery of antibiotics planned. Adverse the result is a reduced capacity in the selection of antibiotic therapy in the causal infection. This poses a huge risk to the current population , but especially for the next generation . It may even occur to the fact that the antibiotics used today lost due to bacterial resistance efficiency, and we will not be able to fight against bacteria . One of the branches of medicine where there permanently increased consumption of antibiotics , pediatrics . Children have limited immune mechanisms , and therefore constitute a population that is more susceptible to infections. Most often ,...
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Exposure of the Czech population to chlorinated pesticides
Svatošová, Renata ; Černá, Milena (advisor)
The history of life on earth is a history of interactions between organisms and their vivid environment. During the last century greatly increased the ability of a person changing environment and this ability also changed its character.People began to fight against nature by developing a number of chemicals. It turned out that these chemicals on the one hand, help control various pests and parasites, but other hand, have many adverse effects on the environment and living organisms, including humans. Hazardous chemicals are globally widespread. To continuous research that strives to accurately describe their harmful effects.The aim of the present the company is reducing or eliminating production and use of these chemicals. Among the most hazardous chemicals present in our environment are chlorinated pesticides (eg DDT - dichlordifenyltrichlorethan). According to the global Stockholm Convention have been classified as POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants). Their production and use is mostly disabled and their concentrations are organized monitored. (Http://www.pops.int) In the Czech Republic has selected exposure to toxic substances including chlorinated pesticides monitored in the so-called biological monitoring. Biological monitoring based on the Czech Government Resolution No. 369/1991. The data obtained...
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Greens versus greens. Radical ecology - the comparative analysis of social ecology and deep ecology.
Novák, Arnošt ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Ortová, Jitka (referee)
The thesis presents comparative analyse of two streams of radical ecology - social and deep. This comparative study uses the hermeneutic method to select essential themes of the dispute between social and deep ecology. The essential themes are: the concept of nature, racioniality, the causes of ecological problems, the vision of environment as garden or wilderness, overpopulation and the ecological policy in action. The result of this comparative analyses is that synthesis of social and deep ecology isn't possible because of fundamental dissagreement. Despite this the discussion between both ecologies is needed. The social and deep ecology grow close by the critics of contemporary capitalistic and industrial society and awareness of necessary change.
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European employment strategy
Ilková, Margaréta ; Strielkowski, Wadim (advisor) ; Flek, Vladislav (referee)
Main topic of this work is the unemployment, serious economic and social problem. At the beginning it point's on its negative affect and its possible solutions. The way this problem was solved in the region of Europe is disputed in the next chapters. The Work describes steps taken to fight against unemployment from the born of European Union until present, what means from the Treaty of Rome until the Lisbon strategy Upon the findings that high unemployment is still present, the work evaluates the effectivity of this acquisitions. Implementation and evaluation of the strategy of unemployment is shown upon the model of Slovak Republic, the new member state. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Vaccination against tuberculosis in the Czech Republic
Neužilová, Anna ; Dáňová, Jana (advisor)
Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The Czech Republic ranks among countries with the world lowest incidences of tuberculosis, which is achieved by a very well conducted system of tuberculosis surveillance and control. This system includes vaccination of newborns against tuberculosis, whose preservation is currently a hot issue in the Czech Republic. In my thesis I focus on the adverse effects of the tuberculosis vaccine and the issue of current vaccination strategies. The thesis also contains a general chapter dealing with the immunological principals of vaccination, which is neccessary for proper understanding of how the vaccine works. Also included are chapters concerning the tuberculosis disease and its etiological agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The quoted information comes from the published results of international studies, and the quoted statistical data from the reports published by SÚKL, ÚZIS and WHO. The discussion on possible vaccination strategies, their risks and benefits, is based, among others, on declaration of the Czech professional medical associations, to whom it highly concerns. It can be concluded that, concerning low incidences of tuberculosis in the Czech Republic, along with a well conducted system...
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Corruption in Slovakia: The role of non-government organizations in fight against corruption
Böhmová, Dorota ; Vymětal, Petr (advisor) ; Smetanková, Daša (referee)
Corruption as a contemporary phenomenon attracts attention of laymen but also experts who are trying to define this notion on the basis of various criterions. The aim of this thesis is to theoretically define corruption as the attendant phenomenon of the current society and to analyze methods of its solution. The studied country is Slovak republic which as a post-communist country shows some specifics. There are many proposed ways how to solve the problem of corruption however this thesis concerns itself primarily with the role of non-government organizations and their ability to actually influence political acts concerned with restricting of corruption possibilities. The intense cooperation among these non-government organizations and especially their cooperation with the government is crucial in order to be able to influence the political agenda. Therefore this thesis deals with this non-government organizations -- government relationship as well.
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EU's Measures Against Income Tax Optimalisation
Hortíková, Kateřina ; Tepperová, Jana (advisor) ; Tecl, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis provides an analysis of the Anti-Tax Avoidance Package (ATAP) proposed by European Union. This package was adopted in relation to OECD's Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. It consists of measures that aim to reduce the level of tax avoidance caused mainly by base erosion and profit shifting within multinational corporations. The theoretical part of the thesis consists of brief introduction of the BEPS project, followed by detailed analysis of the EU package. The practical part tends to analyse the possible impact of the package implementation in Czech Republic on selected measure, tax limitation of paid interests deductibility. Real data of three Czech companies were used for the analysis. The author used the method of a case study to compare tax impacts of current thin capitalisation rule application against the proposed rule limiting the interest deductibility up to 30 % of EBITDA.
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Moral Hazard of Humanitarian Intervention: Case Study Kosovo
Kodrazi, Suzan ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Veselý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pelikán, Jan (referee) ; Vávra, Přemysl (referee)
The main ambition of this doctoral thesis is to contribute to the development of interdisciplinary application of the concept of moral hazard developedin economic and insurance theory to the context of the inter-state conflicts with potential international intervention. The basic theoretical framework used in the thesis is derived from the concept of moral hazard of humanitarian intervention by Alan Kuperman who claims that the newly established norm of humanitarian intervention may well have unintended negative consequences. Kuperman argues that if the mere existence of insurance creates sufficient incentive for the insured to modify their behavior to the extent that they engage in the riskier behavior due to the fact that they are insured against the consequences of their actions, the rebels may well optimize their behavior in the same way. Currently, the transfer of the moral hazard theory to the context of interventions is hindered by a number of existing obstacles stemming from the differences in these areas. This thesis concentrates on reduction of three main identified drawbacks and addresses them by formulating three main research questions and derived hypothesis. The aim of this approach is to examine the limits of application and create the space for development of the concept of moral hazard of humanitarian intervention in the future research. (1) What is the interpretation potential, value added and limits of application of economic theory of moral hazard to the context of humanitarian intervention from the theoretical perspective? Hypothesis 1:The concept of moral hazard represents an efficienttool for evaluation of humanitarian intervention. (2) What is the potential of causal mechanism established by the Kuperman´s hypothesis to explain the reasons why in certain cases the state decides to escalate the inter-state conflict despite the public threats of intervention at a general level of research? Hypothesis 2: The threat of intervention causes the escalation of the inter-state conflict. (3) To what extent does Kuperman´s hypothesis modified to the conflict in Kosovo correspond with the actual state of affairs and their development? Hypothesis 3: The threat of intervention NATO/USA caused the escalation of conflict in Kosovo.
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